...Neo-Classicism and Romanticism Though the Neo-Classical and Romantic art periods sit side by side on the Art History timeline, their values and inspirations couldn’t be farther apart. Whereas Neo-Classical art valued the precise forms and order of Classical Roman and Greek art, Romantic artists were inspired more by the unrestrained, dramatic works of the Medieval and Baroque eras. Both art periods (Neo-Classical and Romantic) came about in response to (and a desire to differ from) an earlier period. The Neo-Classicists were rebelling against the vulgarity and excesses of the Rococo period and the Romanticists were displaying their rejection of the order, harmony and rational thought of the Neo-Classicists. The Neo-Classical art period (like many art periods) evolved from a previous art period -in rebellion from it. This art period, however, is different from most in that it wasn’t invented by the active artists of the time. It was, perhaps, the first art movement started by writers and theoreticians (Lucie, 1992). German scholar and leading propagandist for the Neo-Classical movement, Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768) deplored the Rococo style, which was all the rage in Dresden, where he worked. In his pamphlet, Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture, he said that the modern artists could only become great again by imitating Greek art (Stokstad, 2005). Cardinal Alessandro Albani (1692-1779), who possessed a large collection of ancient...
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...Neoclassicism During the time of Neoclassicism, authors focused their writings toward science and reasoning. The Scientific Revolution took place during Neoclassicism, and at this time, society as a whole unit became more important. A famous neoclassical writer, Jean de La Fontaine, used animism to tell his stories; his characters were animals that were given human behaviors in order to teach society moral values. Perhaps one of Fontaine’s most famous fables, “The Grasshopper and the Ant,” taught one of the most important life lessons, which is to be wise and look ahead to the future. Francis Bacon, another famous neoclassical author, described the way one can find true knowledge in “Idols of the Mind.” He even discussed how knowledge and power are considered to be one. Bacon expressed that one should not let “idols of the mind” restrain their thoughts, and therefore, keep them from gaining essential knowledge. Like Bacon, Thomas Hobbes stressed the importance of knowledge and power among individuals in society. Hobbes talked of states and a strong central government in “Leviathan;” he also believed in the equality of every man. He also thought sovereign authority and separation of powers was extremely important among society. Rene Descartes was yet another famous writer during Neoclassicism; he was known as the Father of Modern Philosophy. He founded analytical geometry, and his writings centered around mechanical philosophy, meaning the focus of human time...
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...reaction to, an earlier historical art period. We will be looking at the Romanticism period and the Neoclassicism period. We will discuss the relationships between the two periods as well as the differences and how one period originated in reaction to the other period. ASSIGNMENT RIWT Task 1 Art has revolved around all different eras and periods of time. Art has been around since the beginning of time and has branched off into many sectors. Works of art vary from genres and time periods to specific types. I chose to compare the Romanticism Period and the Neoclassicism Period. The term Neoclassicism refers to the classical revival in European art, architecture, and interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. This period gave rebirth to the art of ancient Rome and Greece and the Renaissance as an opposition to the ostentatious Baroque and Rococo art that preceded the movement. Neoclassicism emphasized courage, sacrifice, nationalism and tradition. Neoclassical artists incorporated classical styles and subjects, including columns, pediments, friezes, and other ornamental schemes into their work. They were inspired by the works of Homer and Plutarch and John Flaxmann’s illustrations for the Illiad and Odyssey. Also, the discovery of ancient artifacts at the ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii also contributed as a big inspiration to neoclassicism. Neoclassical painters took extra care to depict the costumes, settings, and details of classical...
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...This time period encompassed at least part of three major art movements, including Baroque (1600-1750), Rococo (1700-1770), and Neoclassicism (1750-1880). The Baroque art period was classified by a theatrical and dramatic style that often had a religious subject, particularly focusing on Catholicism. Other characteristics of Baroque art include “energetic movement, common people, glorification of Catholicism due to the Catholic Reformation, verticality, and ornamented architecture.” Baroque art would not have aligned with the general ideals of the Great European and American Awakening, which was largely a Protestant, not Catholic, revival. Artists of the Baroque period included Annibale Caracci, Nicolas Poussin, Artemisia Gentileschi, Caravaggio, and Bernini, with some of the best-known works of art being The Ecstasy of St. Teresa, a sculpture located at the church of Santa...
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...their destinies by learning from and following the Laws of Nature thus giving the name “The Age of Reason”. “France wished to model the government on the high virtues and moral principles of classical Rome. Therefore, neoclassical artists were commissioned to create paintings and sculptures that depicted inspirational scenes from Roman history. Even architecture and interior design began to reflect the neoclassical period” (Neoclassicism | Art Movement). Neoclassical art emphasized courage, order, solemnity, sacrifice, nationalism, and tradition. Neoclassical art is characterized by classical themes. Sometimes the subject's were placed in archaeological settings with people dressed in classical costumes. Neoclassical art doesn’t contain any emotion and portrayals of heroic actions. The paintings during the neoclassical era were calm and rational. The paintings were stressed drawings with lines. The paintings had no color and no trace of brushstroke. The paintings were very detailed oriented and depicted a more rational scene. Around 1830, the neoclassicism movement was replaced by the romanticism...
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...introduce an era of completely new art genres and styles. Two different art periods that succeeded each other is rococo and neoclassicism. Rococo is a style of art that began in the early to mid-18th century and was closely followed by the neoclassical art movement. Rococo art originated in France in the early 18th century and was itself an evolution of the earlier style of baroque art. Rococo art emphasized elaborate, detailed, and ornamental elements in sculpture and architecture, and more realistic representations in paintings. Coming off the era of baroque art, which was very much influenced by religion and endorsed by the Catholic Church, rococo art thrived in a time where secularism was becoming a more dominant theme in social attitudes. This Age of Enlightenment saw a shift toward loosened morals and a light-heartedness in the social climate that was, in turn, reflected in the art of that time period. Some characteristics of Rococo art is light, airy colors and delicate, curling themes. In fact, the root word for rococo comes from the French word “rocaille” meaning “shell work” (MindEdge, 3.16). The subjects of Rococo art were usually people depicted in a light-hearted manner and frequently contained themes of indirect eroticism, or elements of love and romance, such as cherubs. Following this art period, a new art movement emerged: Neoclassicism. In contrast to the way rococo art...
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...Neoclassicism is a revival of the virtues and ideals of classical antiquity (Rome and Greece) upon the findings Pompeii archaeological finds. And with the increasing popularity of the Grand Tour(traditional tour of Europe undertaken by mainly young, rich European men), it became fashionable to collect antiquities as souvenirs, which spread the Neoclassical style through Europe and America.This style would be in direct opposition to the former Rococo style. For example, in Rococo architecture the emphasis was on grace, ornamentation and asymmetry. Neoclassical architecture is based on the principles of simplicity and symmetry. During this time there were two major movements going on, The French Revolution, and the enlightenment period. Both of which had a huge influence in how the art would be viewed and created. I am going to explain how the two events influenced artworks, and the techniques used by the artist. Neoclassical Art Paper...
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...order and predictability. During the 15th and 16th centuries classicism spread throughout Europe in many forms, depicting rigorous discipline and training. This art period even promoted the formation of schools of art and music. The Neoclassic art movement began in Europe during the late 1700’s and continued until the early 1800’s. This movement’s goal was to revive ancient Greek and Roman or Classic style in European art. The Neoclassical style highlighted tradition, valor, sacrifice and nationalism which mirrors the style of the classic period The Neoclassic art movement spread through most of Europe, but the French and English artists embraced neoclassical art even more. There were several reasons for the inception of neoclassicism. One of the well-known reasons was the discovery at the ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii. Ancient artifacts of Classical works were located at these locations. It was noted on Arteducation .com (2015) that German art historian Johann J. Winckelmann commented about classic art. He stated that “noble simplicity and calm grandeur” were the most important aspects. And since the current art movement was the extremely ostentatious baroque and rococo art styles, many artists chose to return to the classic style. In France, the neoclassic art movement began as a rebellion against rococo style. This style was an outlandish art form that symbolized French aristocracy and the elaborate nature which the aristocrats lived. France became...
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...The Neoclassical art period occurred in the 18th century Age of Enlightment and has been defined to have been between the years of 1780 CE and 1820 CE. This art period started when Pompeii was accidentally rediscovered in the 1700’s after Mount Vesuvius erupted, covering all the occupants. Europeans were fascinated with the frozen city and this revitalized the interest in the classical art of Rome and Greece. Neoclassical art techniques used light and dark colors to contrast, simulating the Baroque art time period. The artists from the Neoclassical period eliminated the heavy use of vibrant colors and busy compositions. The Neoclassical artists focused on techniques more uniform by using formulas and perspectives that were more exact. The subjects in many of the paintings from this time period looked shiny or glossy due to the artists attempting to hide their brushstrokes to make their artwork simulate the polished look of a marble sculpture. During this time period the American colonies claimed independence from Great Britain and the French Revolution broke out in Paris. The 1700’s marks the industrial revolution in Britain as well. This time period is referred to as the Age of Reason. It was a more stable and a traditional time and there seemed to be a general respect for authority. The Romanticism time period and has been defined to have been between the years of 1800 CE and 1850 CE. Romantic artists wanted to focus on emotional experiences instead of looking...
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...The neo-classicism is an architectural moment that was flourished after the American and the French Revolution. In this period explorers study the past and distant civilizations for an understanding of other cultures; to find new ways how to create mechanical devices to facilitated transportations and commerce. Historian got a closer look to the dates in which important architectural events happened and also became aware of the accomplishment of the various western civilizations. Foremost among these were ancient Greece and Rome, architect will travel to this ruins to study and measure; and after published their findings. It was the century of change, colonial expansion, age of enlightenment, and technological revolution. Neo-classicism was a reaction against the Rococo style, this new language of architecture is evocative and picturesque, a recreation of distant and lost civilizations, framed within the Romantic sensibility that later influence modern architecture and took it to a new direction. The neo-Palladian in England was the first movement to study the revival of classic architecture from the past; its leader was Colen Campbell (1676-1729), a Scottish architect and editor of book “Vitruvius Britannicus”. He designs the Mereworth castle (1723) in kent, like a near replica of the Palladio’s design of Villa Rotonda, but in a larger scale. Campbell attached four Ionic porticos to a simple cube and crowned it with a pyramidal roof and dome. Mereworth also has an incorporated...
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...Historical Art Periods Neoclassical: Neoclassical is also referred to as Neoclassicism; a name used to describe the western association in the attractive and illustrative arts, writing, drama, composition and architecture. In the 18th century, neoclassical art retorted to the distinguished immoderation of the contemporary Rocco style, with an enormous moderation in symphony and relentlessness of line. Neoclassical architecture, imitated mutually classical and renaissance arrangements, accentuating order and simplicity. Neoclassical architecture as well as literature was motivated by the importance on aggressive bravery witnessed in the Latin and Greek grand. Neoclassicism deduces the subsistence of classical rule of commendable mythical and artistic invention. Neoclassical artists, by desirable qualities of acquaintance with the rule attempt to produce and widen the rule in every piece of their work. Although they evade sheer imitation of classical subject and designs, the artists try to place their work in the circumstance of a recognized custom and exhibit their mastery of the canons of the genre. Since Neoclassicism is divergent to modernization, its articulacy and creativeness are considered as merits. Neoclassicism in every art implies a specific rule of traditional replica. Other cultures have supplementary rules of classics, and a habitual strain of neoclassicism materializes as the expected appearance of cultures that are positive of their conventional traditions,...
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...Style of Baroque Art In painting: * Peter Paul Rubens of Flanders was one of the great masters of the Baroque style. He used colors to paint highly emotional religious scenes. * Most brilliant of the dutch realists was Rembrandt van Rijn. Though he followed no particular faith, he was interested in particular values and often chose religious subject matters. Renaissance artists found ways to give a natural appearance to their subjects. Artists of the 1600s were often influenced by the rapid change in religion, politics, and trade. Their art reflected the dynamic confusion, unrest, and energy of their times. In this period, works of art became larger and technically complicated. Perspective was distorted. Artists showed extremes of movement, excitement, light, and shadow. The cool restraint of the renaissance changed into dynamic activity of the baroque. New style of operas and symphonies were composed in Italy. The Baroque style of Architecture prevailed in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries were characterized by elaborate and grotesque forms an ornamentations. In painting, this is characterized by movement, energy, and restlessness. The Baroque style in Architecture is marked by heavy sculptural, extravagantly ornamented facade. The giant twisted columns, broken sediments, and the variety of motifs such as scrolls, scallops, trellies, urns, and angels. Neoclassic started in 1764 in Europe, England, and America. Classicism was popular through the French...
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...Danny Dormevil Art History October, 2014 Neoclassical Art vs. Romantic Art The contrast between Neoclassical and Romantic art displays a stark change in artistic movements beginning at the end of the 18th century. Changes in artistic movements often are the result of massive social and political shifts in a region, and Neoclassicism and Romanticism are no exception. This refocusing on new perspectives and inspirations that forged these movements, both separate and in tandem with one another, applied not just to visual art, but to every art form, from music to play-writing, as well as philosophy and science. Romanticisms preoccupation with themes such as man’s relationship with God, nature, and emotions came in direct and deliberate opposition to Neoclassicism’s preoccupation with logic and traditional views on artistic technique. Neoclassical art emerged out of the Enlightenment, primarily in Western Europe. Art, of all kinds, during in this period were informed by Enlightenment ideals, which were largely reactionary against the Renaissance period before it. The Renaissance was defined by its tremendous scientific and artistic progressions. However, toward the end of the Renaissance, resentment was mounting against the scientific and philosophical figures at the head of the movement. Science had deevolved into a show, with alleged scientists performing experiments in a manor that felt more like parlor tricks through repetition instead of making real scientific developments...
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...(Fig. 2c) Close up of Grande Odalisque by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (1814) (image: artble.com) The Age of Enlightenment brought two very different styles to the world of art and, in particular, to painting: the whimsical, indulgent Rococo and the more serious Neoclassical. In this essay I will be comparing two paintings; one in the style of Rococo, the other Neoclassical. The first, Resting Girl by François Boucher (1751-1752) is a Rococo-era work of oil on canvas, 59cm x73cm in size. The second, Grande Odalisque, also oil on canvas, 91cm x 162cm, is considered to be a Neoclassical work, though created during the overlapping period during the culmination of Neoclassicism and the beginning of Romanticism. This period of overlap allowed Ingres to employ Romantic themes while staying true to the form of Neoclassicism. The agenda of this comparison is to describe the differences between the French Rococo and Neoclassical Periods, and to understand the stylistic differences in the way Boucher and Ingres approach similar subject matter. Resting Girl (Marie-Louise O’Murphy), painted during the latter part of the Rococo period, depicts young Marie-Louise O’Murphy de Boisfaily leisurely draped on a chaise lounge in an overtly...
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...Renaissance and Neoclassicism are two major periods in the history of art, during which different forms of art including architecture, painting, music and visual arts significantly progressed. During these eras, many artists gained enormous fame as a result of the masterpieces they produced, reflecting how the ideologies and artistic philosophies evolved during that time. This essay compares and contrasts these two art periods with respect to the major works created by prominent artists. In this regard, the masterpiece David, created by Michelangelo has been compared with Antonio Canova’s statue Psyche Revived by Cupid’s Kiss. Both of these works reflect the artistic progression of their ages. David represents Renaissance art by reflecting the political situation of that time, whereas Psyche Revised by Cupid’s Kiss depicts the artist’s focus on classical Greek and Roman styles. The Renaissance Era refers to a period of rebirth in art. It was a cultural movement that took place between the classical and modern periods of art (Johnson, 2005). During this phase, there were significant developments occurring within different art forms. The artists widely reflected the culture, social conditions and political structure of the society. They went beyond the boundaries of classical art, and created art pieces with unconventional ideas and depicted the political and social conditions of their societies (Earls, 1987). Neoclassicism, also called the Era of Enlightenment, is the period...
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