...Freedom of Religion or Belief - how the FCO can help promote respect for this human right “The UK condemns all instances where individuals are persecuted because of their faith or belief, wherever this happens and whatever the religion of the individual or group concerned.”1 SUMMARY Freedom of religion or belief is a human right whose enjoyment is important to achieving the UK’s strategic priorities, particularly as regards conflict prevention and resolution. It is a sensitive issue in many countries. These guidelines, elaborated with the help of specialist stakeholders, aim to provide a simple introduction to the issues for FCO posts and desks, an analytical matrix to identify problems, some general responses to frequently raised issues, and other resources for those who wish to go deeper into the subject. 1 FCO Human Rights Annual Report 2007, p. 106 1 CONTENTS What is freedom of religion or belief? Paras 2-9 Why is freedom of religion or belief important to the UK? Paras 10-11 What is needed to achieve freedom of religion? Para 12 Vulnerable groups and freedom of religion Para 13 Children and freedom of religion Para 14 Freedom of religion and freedom of expression Paras 15-19 Restrictions on freedom of religion Paras 20 – 25 What problems are Posts most likely to encounter? Paras 26 – 32 How can Posts help to promote freedom of religion? Paras 33 – 38 Regional mechanisms Para 39 Some basic...
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...JBR-06929; No of Pages 8 ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Business Research xxx (2009) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Business Research Does management accounting play role in planning process? Fabio Frezatti a,⁎, Andson B. Aguiar a,b,1, Reinaldo Guerreiro a,2, Maria A. Gouvea a,2 a University of Sao Paulo, School of Economics, Business Administration, and Accounting, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto 908, FEA3, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo City, 05508-900, State of São Paulo, Brazil b Fucape Business School, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 1358, Boa Vista, Vitória-ES, 29075-505, Brazil a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t This study examines the relationship between management accounting and planning profiles in Brazilian companies. The main goal is to understand the consequences of not including a fully structured management accounting scheme in the planning process. The authors conducted a field research among medium and large-sized companies, using a probabilistic sample from a population of 2281 companies. Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and statistical cluster analysis, the authors grouped the entities' strategic budget planning processes into five profiles, after which the authors applied statistical tests to assess the five clusters. The study concludes that poor or fully implemented strategic and budget-planning processes relate to the management accounting profiles of the Brazilian organizations studied. © 2009 Published by Elsevier...
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...Members of the RWC shall be members of the RPL or shall have the status of an associated member (adherent) of the RPL. In each municipality, one club of the RWC may be set up, with the exception of cities with a district administrative division, where clubs of the RWC shall be set up in each district of the respective municipality. The clubs of the RWC shall have the statute of RPL clubs. Their members shall be female individuals of 15 years of age and above. Members of the RWC may become members of RPL. Development activities in terms of RWC shall be supported by Roshan Municipal Councils in consultations with the national leadership of the NRWO. Overseeing for the composition, legitimacy and the activities of RWC shall be performed by RPL authorities following the provisions of these Statutes and their implementing rules. The structural...
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...Religions Report Denise Flythe HUM/130 March 3, 2013 Andrew Stein Islam Islam is one of the most misunderstood religions of the world today. One attributing factor for this misunderstanding has much to do with the fact that in recent years, Islam has been in the spotlight because of heightened tensions in parts of the Middle East. This tension serves to put its culture under the microscope of world attention; and although it is a major part of the Middle Eastern culture, it happens to be so much more. Like Christianity, Islam is one of the fastest growing religions today and it is rapidly spreading for several reasons. Islam has a strong political and cultural base because it happens to be the state religion of Moslem countries. Its simple creed and tenets gives it a universal appeal, and the fact that it has no racial barriers and it embraces universal unity also helps it to spread rapidly in both African and American communities. Furthermore, easy communication and practicality of its Five Pillars also helps it to spread even more swiftly in the Western Hemisphere. Many sources are available that provide information for extensive research on the topic of Islam; however, personal communication as a source, provides a more unique perspective on this topic. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to highlight as well as to summarize a recent interview with an Islamic adherent as he gives his opinion on this topic. This summary will provide an in-depth report with regard...
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...does this compare to the design actually used? The strongest design of this study would be experimental. Randomised controlled trial is necessary for this design to determine whether the variables will affect outcomes. Control group would be necessary to compare with the intervention group. With this design I would be able to determine how multi-factorial interventions increased treatment adherence. The patients who are diagnosed with COPD in our long term care unit will be divided into two groups using the randomisation techniques. Treatment adherence would be determined by the percentage of COPD patients classified as good adherent. 3. Is there an intervention or treatment? Was the intervention adequately described? Was the control or comparison condition adequately described? Was an experimental or quasi-experimental design used? There would be no treatment needed for the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to a control group and an intervention group. The multi-factorial interventions in the study were adequately and clearly described to determine their effectiveness on treatment adherence. An experimental design was used to find out if outcomes were different in two...
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...Global Business Cultural Analysis: China LaTasha Baker GRST 500/501 Abstract Since the beginning of time when Adam and Eve left the garden, people have been increasing the geographic realm of their economics, political, social and ethnicity contacts. People begin connecting with other nationalities all of the world. This relationship provide wealth and progress along with adverse disputes within the relationship of countries (MacEwan, 2001). There are many reasons why companies covet to develop their business to other countries. There are many difficulties and a wide-range of benefits when a company expands globally outside of their cultural. When a company conduct business outside of their zone; research is required, patients, and a learning process. China and the United States has learned how to work international with business over the past years. The alliance between organizations, partnerships and private sectors has been the reason for the growth between the two countries. While concentrating on the customs, culture, language, anti-corruption and economic implications. You will explore the Chinese culture and its impact on local business structures. The comparison of China and the United States in regards to its cultural analysis will be provided, along with the implications for the United States businesses that wish to conduct business in China. Major Elements and Dimensions of Culture in China China Business Ethics Business ethics is the principal...
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...initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture. Religions may also contain mythology.[1] The word religion is sometimes used interchangeably with faith or set of duties;[2] however, in the words of Émile Durkheim, religion differs from private belief in that it is "something eminently social".[3] A global 2012 poll reports 59% of the world's population as "religious" and 36% as not religious, including 13% who are atheists, with a 9% decrease in religious belief from 2005.[4] On average, women are "more religious" than men.[5] Some people follow multiple religions or multiple religious principles at the same time, regardless of whether or not the religious principles they follow traditionally allow for syncretism.[6][7][8] Contents 1 Etymology 2 Definitions 3 Theories 3.1 Origins and development 3.2 Social constructionism 3.3 Comparative religion 4 Types 4.1 Categories 4.2 Interfaith cooperation 5 Religious groups 5.1 Abrahamic 5.2 Iranian 5.3 Indian 5.4 East...
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...Base on the expert committee report on community health nursing of the World Health Organization “A community is a social group determined by the geographic boundaries and/ or common values and interests. Its members know and interact with one another. It functions within a particular social structure and exhibits and creates norms, values and social institutions” World Health Organization (WHO), 1974, p.7). However, the direct, hands-on clinical nursing care delivered to individuals or families in a community setting as a whole is the target and the intended of the nursing practice in community health. Community health on the other hand according to the reference book is the meeting of collective needs by identifying problems and managing behaviors within the community itself and between the community and the larger society. It emphasizes the process dimension and also includes the dimensions of status and structure (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). The approach of looking at the care of the client in all dimension guides the nurse to think upstream and identify risks that could be prevented. The author’s subjective perspective is that it is easier said than done, one being that there is a popular misconception that by providing health care makes a healthy population in my opinion. Another point to consider is that we are caring for a culturally diverse population. Caring for the culturally diverse groups has been a focus of nursing from its beginning. As early as 1893, under...
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...LIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY “Unreached People Group: Kazakhs of Mongolia” A Paper Submitted to Dr. Neal H. Creecy in partial fulfillment of the requirements for completion of GLST 500 Global Studies Survey By Ryann S. Ruckman Dec. 9, 2013 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………..3 Kazakhs of Mongolia Background Information………………………………..4 History………………………………………………………………………4 Language…………………………………………………………………..5 Social Structure……………………………………………………………6 Culture………………………………………………………………………7 Economy……………………………………………………………………7 Religion……………………………………………………………………..8 Survey of Missions Work……………………………………………………….11 Church Status………………………………………………………….....11 Known Believers………………………………………………………….12 Challenges……………………………………………………………......13 Present Strategies…………………………………………………....….14 Proposed Strategy………………………………………………………..…….15 Accessing the Country…………………………………………………..15 Discipleship and Church Planting Strategy…………………………...16 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………....18 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………......20 Figures – Physical Map of Bayan-Ulgii, Mongolia…………………………..3 Introduction The Kazakhs of Mongolia are a people untouched by the gospel fire and the redeeming love of Jesus Christ. The Kazakh’s of Mongolia are the largest ethnic minority group in Mongolia, numbering over 100,000 and mainly live in the western province of Bayan Ulgii. These nomadic people migrated from their homeland of Kazakhstan and are a people rooted...
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...DOES JESUS BELONG IN PARLIAMENT? AN EXAMINATION OF FREEDOM OF RELIGION PROVISIONS IN PUBLIC BODIES IN NEW ZEALAND, CANADA, AND THE UNITED STATES by ELIZABETH G. FOX 28 August 2009 1 I INTRODUCTION New Zealand does not have a state religion in the way that other countries do.1 The Church of England, for example, has its doctrine and prayer book ratified by Parliament and has the Queen as supreme authority over both ecclesiastical and civil matters.2 However, the central legislators of this country listen to the Speaker of the House open each Parliamentary session with the following prayer.3 Almighty God, humbly acknowledging our need for Thy guidance in all things, and laying aside all private and personal interests, we beseech Thee to grant that we may conduct the affairs of this House and of our country to the glory of Thy holy name, the maintenance of true religion and justice, the honour of the Queen, and the public welfare, peace, and tranquillity of New Zealand, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Is this appropriate in a country that professes no state church and the tolerance of all religions equally?4 Religious content has historically infiltrated governing and administrative bodies. However, with the cultural disestablishment of Christianity and the emergence of toleration for all faiths, there continues to be the presence and preference of a small set of religions by the State. The degree to which religion interacts with the State varies with...
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...there have been many times that these groups have changed the face of the planet permanently. You can look at any organized religious group and see just how they pushed the belief system onto others to spread their ideology. Now, taking into consideration that fundamentalism and militant groups are nothing new, you can see that it still affects society greatly even today. Let us look at the main group I am focusing on in this paper. The Egyptian Islamic Jihad is one of the most influential fundamentalists groups in the Middle East. Similar to other terrorist groups, the religious intensity factor of a particularly violent kind is pointing solely to Islam, even when religious frenzies are spreading remarkably everywhere. A retreat into religion became the way most Islamic communities could be explained, from Saudi Arabia which, with what was supposed to be a peculiarly Islamic logic, refused to ratify the Camp David Accords, all the way to Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Egypt. In this way, researchers underline that the Islamic world is differentiated, in the Western mind generally, in the United States in particular, from regions of the world to which terrorism analysis could be applied. As I delve into this group I hope that the reader gets a better understanding of just how these groups come about, how they operate, and why they seek the goals that they do. Origins Egyptian Islamic Jihad or “Al-Jihad al-Islami” is an active militant group and has been so since the late 1970s...
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...Question 1: provide a definition/ description of strategic planning process, addressing the critical issues/questions the process takes into account. Answers (a) Strategic planning process is an organization’s process, which is designed to identify a long-term goal or direction to develop the organization, and put into practice. Strategic planning guides conversations about an organization’s purpose, helps integrate perspectives from multiple stakeholders, and provides the steps to develop goals and objectives that will move the organization’s forward. (b) The specific issues would be various due to different standards and analysis techniques which applied to strategic planning. However, generally it is critical to cover these aspects as follows. Identifying the nonprofit organization's direction and mission. What’s the reason of the organizations exist? What do the organizations try to accomplish? How do the organizations to do to achieve their goals? What are the organization’s guiding principles? Evaluating the Internal and External Environment, Clarifying Critical Issues An assessment of internal environment Strengths and weaknesses An assessment of the external/market environment All organizations are under the operations with complex political, social and macroeconomic changes, so a sensible plan must reflect the assumptions that management people makes about the external environment under their study in various factors, such as economic and demographic...
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...Responsibility and Accounting - A Literature Review Master thesis in Financial Accounting Fall semester 2012 Supervisor: Kristina Jonäll Author: Ulla-Christel Götherström Abstract Master Thesis in Financial Accounting, School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, fall semester 2012 Author: Ulla-Christel Götherström Supervisor: Kristina Jonäll Title: Corporate Social Responsibility and Accounting - A literature review. Background and problem: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an area which has gained much attention the last 10-15 years. To satisfy various stakeholders, corporate social responsibility has increased its importance and often constitutes a substantial part of the firms´ financial reports, in spite of the fact that there are no legal requirements. However, to perform strategic CSR-reporting has become more or less compulsory for firms. The research question is: What research has been performed in the area of corporate social responsibility and accounting? Aim: The aim is to provide a structured overview of the literature in the area of corporate social responsibility and accounting regarding the years 2002-2012. The overview will provide a basis for future research and constitute a framework for focused research question. Delimitation: The focus of this study is on research published in scientific journals from 2002 until 2012. Method: A literature review was performed including peer-reviewed papers published in ...
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...to life or to explain the origin of life or the universe. They tend to derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle from their ideas about the human nature. The development of religion has taken different forms in different cultures. Some religions place an emphasis on belief, while others emphasize practice. Some religions focus on the subjective experience of the religious individual, while others consider the activities of the religious community to be most important. Coming to Islam, is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion articulated by the Quran, a text considered by its followers to be the word of God and by the teachings and normative example of Muhammad, considered by them to be the last prophet of God. An adherent of Islam is called a Muslim. With over 1.5 billion followers or over 22% of earth's population, Islam is the second-largest and one of the fastest-growing religions in the world. Coming to crime, a normative definition views crime as weird behaviour that violates prevailing norms – cultural standards prescribing how humans ought to behave normally. This approach considers the complex realities surrounding the concept of crime and seeks to understand how changing social, political, psychological, and economic conditions may affect changing definitions of crime and the form of the legal, law-enforcement, and penal responses made by society....
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...way for stopping the rising popularity of Religious activist groups such as Ikhwan-al-Muslimeen. Government of Egypt has used courts for holding and torture of Gay men (Has). This policy of Government got wide support from the public and for this reason allowed the Rule to shore up its Islamic Qualifications (Menyawi, September 1, 2006). The situation of Ikhwan-al-Musleemeen is also considered that homosexuality is the violation of Islamic law. For this reason Ikhwan-al-Musleemeen supported the Government attacks on Gay men. Such Emergency courts which were previously used for the prosecution of the religious fundamentalists now these courts are using for detain and tortured of the gay men. That is why the destination of Religious fundamentalists and gay men are inseparably linked. It seems not plausible that the Ikhwan-al-Musleemeen make a strategically coalition with Gay Men. Ikhwan-al-Musleemeen should understand that the government is manipulating their Homophobia and Government also prosecuted Fundamentalists. In the United States a narrative is used i.e. “coming out from the closet” for the LGBT but deploying this narrative in Egypt is an entirely different social and cultural environment from the United States would have significantly diverse and adverse consequences (MENYAWI). So by coming out with a homosexual identity, it is likely to construct a new group in the society which became minority. This group came however under close and careful examination by the Government...
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