...with the principles that Gregor Mendel outlined after his experiments with pea plants where he discovered the relationship between physical characteristics, or phenotype, and genetic traits, or genotype. This experiment aimed to reproduce Mendel’s results with the Brassica rapa plant, noted for it’s fast generation time, and anthocyanin, a purple pigment that can be visually tracked through subsequent generations. It is important for experiments resulting in scientific discovery to be replicable and peer reviewed. Since Mendelian genetics are the foundation of scientific education, including answering questions about evolution and heredity of beneficial or fatal genes, his experiment is a valid and important choice. The hypothesis was that the presence of anthocyanin in Brassica rapa follows Mendel’s laws. By germinating the P1 generation and creating the F1 and F2 generations through pollination the hypothesis was tested. The experimental hypothesis was accepted with ------ error and the null hypothesis that these results were due to chance was rejected. Introduction A phenotype provides a clear visual cue for examining the inheritance pattern of genotypes and whether or not these patterns follow Mendelian genetic principles. Gregor Mendel is someone who is often referred to as the “father of genetics,” and discovered important theory pertaining to heredity. He did this by studying traits of pea plants in the garden of a monastery and found two main observations to be supported...
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...SEED PROCESSING AND STORAGE Principles and practices of seed harvesting, processing, and storage: an organic seed production manual for seed growers in the Mid-Atlantic and Southern U.S. Copyright © 2004 by Jeffrey H. McCormack, Ph.D. Some rights reserved. See page 28 for distribution and licensing information. For updates visit www.savingourseeds.org For comments or suggestions contact: jeff@gardenmedicinals.com For distribution information please contact: Cricket Rakita Carolina Farm Stewardship Association www.carolinafarmstewards.org www.savingourseed.org P.O. Box 448, Pittsboro, NC 27312 (919) 542-2402 or Jeff McCormack Garden Medicinals and Culinaries www.gardenmedicinals.com www.savingourseeds.org P.O. Box 320, Earlysville, VA 22936 (434) 964-9113 Seed Processing and Storage: Principles and Practices TABLE OF CONTENTS Principles of seed harvesting and processing..................................................................................... Seed harvesting and extraction.............................................................................................................. Harvesting..................................................................................................................................... Dry seed processing ................................................................................................................... Wet seed processing .................................................................................
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...Growing Vegetables & Useful UAE Climate Information Compiled by: Saqer Bin Zayed Al Nehayyan Growing Vegetables & UAE Climate Information 2007 Index Temperature conversion chart ................................................................ 4 Average Temperature Conditions........................................................... 4 UAE Vegetables Growing Calendar ........................................................ 5 Measurement and Conversions ............................................................... 8 Winds in UAE ....................................................................................................17 Greenhouse Introduction ..........................................................................22 Vegetables A to Z ...........................................................................................23 Nursery management in vegetable crops By: Rajinder Kumar Dhall and J.S. Hundal.......................................................................................................25 Raised Bed Gardening .................................................................................26 Hydroponic production ...............................................................................29 Shade Tolerant Vegetables (and Fruits)............................................39 A veggie for all seasons..............................................................................40 Cool Season Vegetables ................
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...THE CONCEPT OF PEST A pest can be defined as any organism which injures man, his property, or his environment, or which just causes him annoyance. Such organisms include principally certain insects, nematodes, fungi, weeds, birds and rodents, or any other terrestrial or aquatic plant or animal life, or virus, bacteria, etc. In agriculture, concern is normally expressed when the damage done to a crop by a specific crop pest or a group of pests causes a loss in yield or quality because this would mean a reduction in profit. When a loss in yield reaches certain proportions, the pest can be designated an economic pest. According to Edward and Heath (1964), the pest status is reached when there is a 5 percent loss in yield in a particular crop. In pest management, the economic appraisal of the pest status and justification of the need to embark on control measures is defined in relation to the following concepts: economic damage, economic injury level and economic threshold. Economic damage can be defined as the amount of injury done to a crop that will justify the cost of artificial control measures. Economic injury level is the lowest pest population density that can cause economic damage, which will vary from crop to crop, season to season, and area to area. For practical purposes, there is an economic threshold defined by Stern et al. (1959) as the pest population density at which control measures should be initiated or started to prevent an ever increasing pest population from...
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...Summer Project Report Study of MDA (malondialdehyde) as abiotic stress marker in CSV-17 variety of Sorghum bicolor. Submitted in partial fullfilement of the requirement for B.Tech. Biotechnology Semester VII AMITY INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AMITY UNIVERSITY RAJASTHAN JAIPUR 2011 Supervised by: Dr Ajit Kumar Sr. Research Officer S.P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur Submitted by: Ravi Pareek DECLARATION I hereby declare that the project report entitled “Study of MDA (malondialdehyde) as abiotic stress marker in CSV-17 variety of Sorghum bicolor” is a record of the work compiled by me under the supervision and guidance of Dr. Ajit Kumar, S.P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur as a part of my 45 days summer training. Ravi Pareek (B.TECH-BIOTECHNOLOGY) (AUR0821094) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all with due regard to my respective god with whose kindness and blessing we could be able to accomplish the task of training. Mr. Sourabh Pareek, for his kind permission to allow me to undergo my major project at S. P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur. I am overwhelmed with rejoice to take this opportunity to evince my profound sense of reverence and gratitude to my esteemed supervisor respective Dr. Ajit Kumar, for giving his regular advice and excellent suggestion which have helped us for completing the study. His regular assistance and guidance really helped me to bring formidable task in successful manner. Sincere thanks to Dr. Sonali Jana and Dr. Neha Upreti for their cooperation...
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...Biology guide First assessment 2016 Biology guide First assessment 2016 Diploma Programme Biology guide Published February 2014 Published on behalf of the International Baccalaureate Organization, a not-for-profit educational foundation of 15 Route des Morillons, 1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland by the International Baccalaureate Organization (UK) Ltd Peterson House, Malthouse Avenue, Cardiff Gate Cardiff, Wales CF23 8GL United Kingdom Website: www.ibo.org © International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 The International Baccalaureate Organization (known as the IB) offers four high-quality and challenging educational programmes for a worldwide community of schools, aiming to create a better, more peaceful world. This publication is one of a range of materials produced to support these programmes. The IB may use a variety of sources in its work and checks information to verify accuracy and authenticity, particularly when using community-based knowledge sources such as Wikipedia. The IB respects the principles of intellectual property and makes strenuous efforts to identify and obtain permission before publication from rights holders of all copyright material used. The IB is grateful for permissions received for material used in this publication and will be pleased to correct any errors or omissions at the earliest opportunity. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted...
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...Environmental Studies For Undergraduate Courses Erach Bharucha Textbook for Environmental Studies For Undergraduate Courses of all Branches of Higher Education Erach Bharucha for University Grants Commission Natural Resources i Preliminary Pages.p65 1 4/9/2004, 5:06 PM Credits Principal author and editor – Erach Bharucha Unit 1 – Erach Bharucha Unit 2 – Erach Bharucha, Behafrid Patel Unit 3 – Erach Bharucha Unit 4 – Erach Bharucha Unit 5 – Shamita Kumar Unit 6 – Erach Bharucha, Shalini Nair, Behafrid Patel Unit 7 – Erach Bharucha, Shalini Nair, Behafrid Patel Unit 8 – Erach Bharucha, Shambhvi Joshi Case Studies – Prasanna Kolte Co-ordination and compilation – Behafrid Patel Textbook Design – Narendra Kulkarni (Mudra), Sushma Durve Manuscript review and editing – Chinmaya Dunster, Behafrid Patel Artists – Sushma Durve and Anagha Deshpande CD ROM – Jaya Rai and Prasanna Kolte © Copyright Text – Erach Bharucha/ UGC, 2004. Photographs – Erach Bharucha Drawings – Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Environment Education and Research All rights reserved. Distributed by University Grants Commission, New Delhi. 2004. ii Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses Preliminary Pages.p65 2 4/9/2004, 5:06 PM Vision The importance of Environmental Studies cannot be disputed. The need for sustainable development is a key to the future of mankind. The degradation of our environment is linked to continuing problems of pollution, loss...
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...COLLAPSE HOW S O C I E T I E S CHOOSE TO FAIL OR S U C C E E D JARED DIAMOND VIK ING VIKING Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. Penguin Group (Canada), 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi—110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by Viking Penguin, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 13579 10 8642 Copyright © Jared Diamond, 2005 All rights reserved Maps by Jeffrey L. Ward LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Diamond, Jared M. Collapse: how societies choose to fail or succeed/Jared Diamond. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-670-03337-5 1. Social history—Case studies. 2. Social change—Case studies. 3. Environmental policy— Case studies. I. Title. HN13. D5 2005 304.2'8—dc22...
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