...Non-For-Profit Fraud Authors’ Note This paper was prepared for Advanced Accounting, Summer 2013. OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. The Reasons of Fraud in Nonprofits. 3. Types of Nonprofit Fraud. 4. Recent Fraud Cases: A. $1,000,000 Charity Scam by John Cody. B. ASPCA International and $27,000,000 Fraud. C. Fraud Committed by Anita Collins, Church Bookkeeper. D. Fraud Committed by Hugh Blackburn. 5. Fraud Prevention in Nonprofit Organizations. 6. Conclusion. Introduction. Most of us are familiar with the organization ASPCA (American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) and some of us even donate or consider donating money or time. But not many of us know that only 5 cents of every dollar collected by ASPCA goes actually towards the organization’s primary goal, which is helping animals. Just a few months ago a disaster hit NYC and the areas around. It is hard to believe but it gave great opportunity for fraud. Consider the case of the couple John Sandberg and Christina Terrassino, who launched a charity website, The Hurricane Sandy Relief Foundation. According to DCA (Division of Consumer Affairs), they have solicited more than $600,000 from about 2,000 donors. However, less than 1 percent of the money was given to the victims of the hurricane (Rose, 2013). Beside, consider the case of Anita Collins, a 67-year old church bookkeeper. She is known for stealing approximately $1,000,000 from the church she worked in (Huffington...
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...Financial Management in Non-profit Organizations and How It Compares to For-Profits Organizations are usually classified as either non-profit or for-profit. Business corporations are organized for-profit. While non-profits usually include associations, charities, and other voluntary organizations formed to further cultural, educational, religious, or public service objectives. Non-profits and for-profits do have some things in common. Both types of organizations attract individuals focused on maximizing income, minimizing expenses, and reaching their goals. While there are many similarities, non-profits and for-profits have many differences. The most fundamental difference between nonprofit and for-profit organizations is the reason they exist. A non-profit organization exists to provide a particular service to a community, while a for-profit organization exists primarily to generate a profit for the company’s owners and shareholders. A non-profit organization channels all of their income into services and programs aimed at their mission compared to for-profit organizations that distribute profits between owners, employees, shareholders and the business itself (Bottiglieri, Conway, & Kroleski, 2011). Financial management for non-profit organizations is similar to for-profit organizations in many ways however key differences shift the focus of a nonprofit manager. These differences include organizational structure, ownership, distribution of profits, generating revenue and...
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...How to Fund a Non-Profit Community Book Festival Glennie Hillebrandt, Aaron Hutchison, Star Prerez COMM/215 April 13, 2015 Gary Tandy How to Fund a Non-Profit Community Book Festival We are looking to fund our Non-Profit Community Book Festival, The San Diego Community Book Festival. We have filed our paperwork and incorporated the name, and registered as a non-profit. We have applied for the non-profit federal and state exemptions, created our corporate bylaws and appointed our initial directors. Our first board meeting was held and all necessary licenses and permits have been obtained. With the completion of these, we need to take the next step and the most crucial one which is fundraising. When it comes to fund raising, individual donors contribute the largest amount.There is also available funding through grants offered by federal, state and local government. (cite source SBA) The catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) provides a database of all federal programs available to state and local government (cite sources gsa.gov). Upon trying to find funders you need to look to many different resources and not focus on just one. Treating a funder like you would any type of business prospect is key, keep things professional. (Foundation center) The foundation center is not a resource to supply funds, but there to help you in research providing information on how to receive grants and other resources to fund your non-profit. When trying to get funding make sure...
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... Jerr Boschee and Jim McClurg In this short article the authors outline the four key distinctions that differentiate non-profit social entrepreneurial organisations from other types of charitable non-profit organisations who claim to be making use of social entrepreneurial approaches. Towards a Better Understanding of Social Entrepreneurship Some Important Distinctions Jerr Boschee and Jim McClurg Contents: • Introduction • Four Key Distinctions 1. The differences between “entrepreneurship” and “social entrepreneurship” 2. The differences between “sustainability” and “self-sufficiency” 3. The differences between “earned income strategies” and “social purpose business ventures” 4. The differences between “innovators”, “entrepreneurs” and “professional managers” • Some Final Thoughts • Social Enterprise Definition • Further Information Introduction “Social entrepreneurship” is one of the most misunderstood phrases in the non-profit sector today. Everybody, it seems, has a different definition of what it means. This is our attempt to bring some clarity to the discussion. Our perspective has been shaped by 50 years of experience in the field, one as head of a national consulting firm and the other as the chief executive officer of a US$ 15 million social enterprise. Twenty years ago the idea of non-profits acting in an entrepreneurial manner was anathema to most people in the sector: The idea of merging mission and money filled...
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...Ignite. The Passion Continues. Passion Forward 2013. Sponsorship Catalogue Page 1 of 9 About Passion Forward PASSION FORWARD: THE ASIA PACIFIC FUNDRAISING CONFERENCE is a four-day conference, conducted every other year, that aims to gather at least 150 champions, professionals, volunteers, sponsors, direct implementers, active promoters and benefactors of non-profit organizations. These individuals are specifically involved in the application and pursuit of innovative, excellent and sustainable solutions in resource mobilization and non-profit management. The history of Passion Forward Conference begun on year 2004, it was first dubbed as Asia Pacific Fundraising Summit. It was first conducted on the said year in Manila. Singapore took the lead on year 2005 in staging the summit. Through partnership with Resource Alliance-UK, FuND Philippines brought the summit back in 2007 in the Philippines and carried the brand name Passion Forward. With the clamour from the members of FuND Philippines and Asian Fundraisers to have a regular venue for sharing and learning, Passion Forward is then revived, this time as one of the programs of FuND Philippines. The 2013 run targets to assemble leaders, not only from the host country Philippines but from Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Singapore, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Micronesia, and Australia. Successful Filipino development advocates and fundraising practitioners will be joined by internationally-renowned experts...
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...Profit Versus Not-for-Profit Hospitals In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Health Services Systems HSM 541 Blaise X. Schmidt DeVry University Keller Graduate School of Management September 2012 1.0 Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis between for-profit hospitals and not-for-profit hospital. It will discuss the characteristics of each as well as factors affecting the operations of both systems. Additionally, it discusses potential areas of improvement and some of the challenges associated with each relative to finance and operations. 2.0 Comparing Not-for-Profit and For-Profit Hospitals Not-for-profit hospitals are organized under the Section 501 (c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) tax code, and as such, are exempt from federal and state taxes and generally from local property and other taxes. Not-for-profit hospitals also have access to tax-exempt bond financing and have tax-deductible status for gifts and contributions (Barton, 2010). For-profit hospitals do not have this luxury. Public or private hospitals can be classified as non-profit. Non-profits include a majority of the hospitals in the US. The two types of hospitals differ mainly in regulatory rules. Not-for-profit hospitals do not need to pay property, sales, or income taxes. For-profit hospitals do. Despite these differences, the two types of ownerships have been becoming more and more similar and many hospitals...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer tyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv bnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwert yuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasd fghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe rtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer tyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopas dfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklz xcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrt yuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasd fghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe rtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopa sdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjkl ...
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...by Parks (2009), it was 1900 since the emergence of non-profit organizations have started through the initiation of Arts and Culture Organization as it diversified its status from a profit-based system into a kind of philanthropic organization with tax incentives as the main instigation for the move. Through the years, the industry of non-profit organizations has been vastly engaged in different sectors of the society primarily to serve the general public. According to Peter F. Drucker, the “non-profit” institution neither supplies goods nor services not controls. Its “product” is neither a pair of shoes nor an effective regulation. Its product is a changed human being. The non-profit institutions are human-change...
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...stress levels may only continue to increase, especially in the workplace. According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (1999, p.5), “Three-fourths of employees believe the worker has more on the job stress than generations ago.” Without taking note of stress levels and properly reducing unhealthy stress, America will continue to see a rise in related mental and physical illness. Perhaps it will become even more crucial to study stress, particularly in the workplace, and to identify proper interventions. This prospective is no different in the nonprofit sector. Nonprofit organizations play an important role in such diverse areas as arts and culture, sports and recreation, literacy and skills development programs, health services, religious activity, and political advocacy. There has been growing interest in examining the contributions made by the nonprofit sector to the economy and society as a whole. However, until recently, there has been a lack of information about paid and volunteer workers’ stress in the nonprofit sector, such as working conditions and the human resource challenges associated with their labor market experience. This...
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... CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS SECTION III. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS Component One: Management Standards Component Two: NPO Certification Component Three: Dissemination and Outreach ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS iii SECTION I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. BACKGROUND 1 B. USAID/Pakistan PRE-EXISTING SO 1 RESULTS FRAMEWORK 1 USAID/PAKISTAN IMCP RESULTS FRAMEWORK 3 B. LOGICAL CONSISTENCY OF THE RESULTS FRAMEWORK 5 C. CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS 6 SECTION III. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS 7 Component One: Management Standards 7 Objective 1: To strengthen and increase the competitive base of Pakistani non-profit non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that meet the management standards required for a USAID award. 7 Component TWO: NPO CERTIFICATION 127 Objective 2: To orient NGOs in meeting the requirements necessary for certification as a non-profit (NPO) by the Government of Pakistan or its Certification Agency or agencies. 1 Component THREE: DISSEMINATION AND OUTREACH 147 Objective 3: THE FINAL COMPONENT WILL WORK TO PROMOTE AWARENESS AND PROVIDE A DIRECTION FOR NGOs OUTSIDE OF THIS PROGRAMME AROUND MANAGEMENT AND CERTIFICATION PROGRAMME...
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...To Market or Not To Market: Case Study Differences Between Profit vs. Nonprofit Organizations According to Folland, et al., 2013: Generally, nonprofits do not pay corporate, property, or sales taxes although for-profits do. The only tax advantage enjoyed by for-profits is the ability to write off losses during bad years…On one hand, numerous profit-making firms provide important goods and services to the community, and many provide basic goods, such as food and housing, to the poor. On the other hand, nonprofit firms often serve the well-to-do, and they compete with for-profits. (Folland, et al., 2013, p. 269, 265) Mission and Problem “Community Health Care (CHC) is a non-profit health care organization operating out of Anytown, USA. Its mission is to provide routine check-ups and immunizations at no cost to the economically challenged areas of Anytown. CHC secured a small grant from the state and used the vast majority to purchase all necessary equipment, computers, furniture, and a large supply of gloves, syringes, etc. There is a little money left over that has been set aside for purchasing the vaccinations. They originally believed that through their individual professional networks, they would not need to market CHC. They felt offering such a valuable service for free would result in packed waiting rooms. Unfortunately, the current use of their services is only at an estimated 7% of original expectations. Several individuals within CHC have mentioned shutting down. Others...
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...communication and daily functions are implemented. Human resources ensure that employee matters are accounted for and contractual obligations are adequately implemented. Human Resource Practice It is with the human resource department that the employment process begins for any particular program. Within each program there is a program director, clinical supervisor and staff members. With ABC Mental Health Center, the human resource department is comprised of two individuals, a human resource worker and a human resource assistant to provide support in the daily operations of the agency. It is the job of the lead human resource worker to seek qualified candidates, review credentials, and...
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...desire to give to others without being asked. Before even the enactment of any legislation, philanthropists helped to shape the way we organize to support the less fortunate. The history of charitable organizations in the United States originated almost at the same time as the formation of our new nation. Benjamin Franklin, was one the founders of our nations and the earliest American philanthropists. He founded the University of Pennsylvania to educate youth. The early setters formed charitable and voluntary associations to help with issues of the era like education, orphanages, and illness (Arnsberger, Ludlum, Riley & Stanton, 2008 p. 1). Young Americans were able to form charitable organizations to fill gaps in the social welfare programs. Back then, charities were mainly hospitals and orphanages support by religious groups and wealthy individuals. During the 19th century, these organizations were controlled and founded by private corporations or a person (Arnsberger, Ludlum, Riley & Stanton, 2008 p. 2). The bloom of the American industry gave birth to bigger corporations; at the same time, the increase of more formal charitable organizations. It wasn’t until the late 19th century that government began paying more attention to this new sector. The first legislation the government imposed was in1894, the Tariff Act that established a flat two percent tax to corporate income, but excluded charities. However, the Tariff Act was declared unconstitutional two years after...
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...established and run by the parents and guardians of disabled people. Autism is a kind of disability usually identified in children at the age between 18 months to 3 years. The affected children suffer from mainly 3 difficulties. These are: Verbal or non verbal communication, Impaired social inter-action and limited activities/interest with rigidity in thinking and repetitive behaviour. These children may improve and live a close to normal life if appropriate intervention and proper training is imparted in time. Though we have many organizations in Bangladesh working with various fields of disability but there is hardly any quality institute developed exclusively for the autistic children. The problem further aggravated with the unavailability of any training centre to train trainers or teachers to work with autistic children. Similarly, there is no facility available for the training or motivation of parents or caregivers of autistic children. We neither have any centre for caring a child for the whole day nor do we have any residential training facility. The dream of rehabilitation is not yet even thought off. At this backdrop, we started the ‘Autistic Children Foundation of Bangladesh (ACFB)’. The foundation is purely a non profitable organization, established exclusively for the welfare of the autistic children. The main purpose of choosing this idea is the willingness...
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...Organization of a book fair I have chosen to do my research paper on the organization of the book fair for a non-profit company in a major United States city. This book fair will take place in San Francisco, California. There are many non-profit organizations here in San Francisco that could use the help of a fundraiser. There are schools, health organizations, medical clinics, homeless shelters, and food banks to name a few. Successful planning and organizing a fundraiser will make this project successful. To begin the planning stage of this fundraiser, I will need to do much research. This is going to be a book fundraiser. Looking at cost effective ways to hold this fundraiser is crucial since the outcome is to raise money for a particular organization. I will first look at a venue. Is it less expensive to hold a fundraiser on the Internet or is it more cost efficient to hold it a location. Having a fundraiser on the Internet does not seem a personable to me. However, it might be more cost efficient. Holding a fundraiser at a physical location seems that it would be more successful. The advertising and promotion of a fundraiser are just as important. Getting the most exposure to the public will help with the success of my fundraiser. I will need to research to find out if advertising and promoting this book fundraiser is more or less expensive than with actual physical advertising. I am leaning more to the physical...
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