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Non Western Globalism

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The people of Mauritius and a people from the Andaman Islands known as the Jarawa are two examples of native non-Western cultures that have been impacted by globalization. The Jarawa, being resident to the Andaman Islands, have a long history of faltering due to globalization. This isolated group of people are a specimen of ancient and unadulterated genetics. They are vulnerable to sea-bound and sea related disasters that have disrupted their numbers, their way of life, and survival.
The Jarawa were an isolated but self sufficient culture that survived on the Andaman Islands for millennium and generations. The Jarawa are one of the two only known tribes that have not learned how to produce fire. The Jarawa, being resident to the Andaman Islands, found themselves inhabiting a highly useful and strategic in terms of seafaring and points of empire. The British founded a penal colony at Port Blair in 1858, with disastrous consequences for the indigenous population, whose numbers declined rapidly because of disease and social disruption (Endicott et al 2003). Currently the Andaman Islands is a relatively well-known regional tourist attraction and safeguarded national treasure of India. The Jarawa people are struggling to preserve their livelihood and continue their traditions. At the same time the Jarawa and their neighbors are beginning to understand the needs and benefits of the Island becoming a tourist attraction and the inevitable nature of this occurrence. The Jarawa people and the Andaman Islands represent a treasure trove of anthropological, linguistic, and ecological specimens and research. The result is that at a particular point of time in human history, genetic and linguistic parallels may not match (Abbi, 2009). The Jarawa people, along with its neighbors on the Andaman Islands have been highly susceptible to the diseases brought to the island by Westerners; this has been evident since the island's colonization by the government of Bengal in 1789. Mauritius is another ecologically sensitive and isolated environment that has been impacted by globalization. Like the Andaman Islands Mauritius provides increasingly attractive travel and tourism opportunities. Mauritius has long been self sustainable, it's isolated location, and the pristine opportunities it presents to get away and interact with an entirely new and rich ecosystem has contributed to the diversity of the island and also the island's current bout with inequality. Mauritius has long been a serene and orderly island. It gained prominence in 1810 due to its changing ownership indirectly through colonization. Its people, Mauritians, are composed of native Mauritians as well as Chinese and French Mauritians. Mauritius has to find new ways and means to ensure the growth of its economic pie, sustain its competitive edge and retain inter-ethnic peace and harmony (Bunwaree, 2002). Mauritius has up until very recently been an isolated locale and exotic travel destination for a few in the know with the means to arrive at this island eleven times the size of Washington D.C. located 1,200 miles off the southeast coast of Africa.
The Jarawa People's encounter with the Western World is due to their island's strategic location in the middle of the Bay of Bengal. It is the Jarawa, a principal member of the three tribe consortium on the Andaman Islands that live at the most prominent and prized location of Port Blair. The Jarawa and their home is an interesting subject because these people, their history and the very recent, highly documented suffering are all found themselves victims of one circumstance or another. In the vast reaches of the treacherous Bay of Bengal the Andaman Islands, particularly where he Jarawa make their home is an oasis for respite and an important oceanic beacon for sailing and transit wayfarers. For this reason the globalization impact that befell the Jarawa and their highly strategic location has intensified. Unintentional, however, has been the Jarawa people's battle against diseases. The Andaman Islands, being isolated with no genetic immunities, has found itself suffering from the similar fates that met indigenous people the world over who first encounter adventurers and exploratory people of the West. The effects of the Jarawa people's encounter with globalization has been direct. Their further identification and etymology, for the purposes of documenting and preserving these people, has been increasingly indirect. India and other countries have understood the need to keep the Jarawa isolated and undisturbed if that is best for these tribes. Officials of Thailand’s foreign and tourism ministries have actively set their sights on promoting a possible tourism link between the country’s Phuket Island and Port Blair, the capital of India’s pristine Andaman Islands (Reddy, 2007). The Jarawa people have encountered and survived many obstacles and learned to survive and thrive and that is why their sovereignty and any hints of rights to self determination is to be acknowledged. The Jarawa's encounter with globalization has had some positive influences. The ever changing dynamic of the island and its importance as well as general interest has kept the Jarawa people with a sense of ominous alert. It can be surmised that after the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and the subsequent tsunami that hit the islands the Jarawa people and their counterparts have been increasingly looking forward to their visits and encounters with people of the west. This includes those that are interested in dispensing aid and helping with sustainable development. The goal for the Jarawa people is to sustain their numbers and begin to make rudimentary but newly discovered technologies and techniques part of their way of life. As far as the situations of Onge and Jarawa are concerned, though the languages are transmitted to the next generation, yet the depleting number, 96 Onge and 250 Jarawa in all, does not build hope of seeing the community as living a long life (Abbi 2009). The Jarawa are still resistant and wary of outsiders but strides have been made in documenting their language and finding its place and syntax in the fundamental theories of linguistics in that area. The Jarawa people have encountered relatively light incursions within the framework of globalization with all of its forms and intensities. The obstacles currently facing the Jarawa are multiple but they are independent of the issues related to globalization. The tribe of the Jarawa is dependent on living off the land and the surrounding ecology; this presents many challenges and consistently occupies the energies of the tribe going forward. It is positive that sustainable development and aid groups are better prepared to improve the lives of isolated communities without many of the well documented ill effects. The Jarawa people of the Andaman Islands can be seen as an asset of the island and indispensable to the island's identity and heritage. As the island increases in its strategic importance and as a venue of tourist attractions and excursions it is likely that the island will find itself home to many auxiliary and support functions as well as properties to tourism and extended exploration. It is being anticipated that developing tourism at a massive scale would by default generate employment, which is the need of the hour (Reddy, 2007).
The Jarawa's documentation and history points to the resilience and uniqueness of the people and their island. They are worthy to be approached in the strongest confidence with the latest preventative measures in reducing the tribe's susceptibility to disease and the sensitive nature of the island's fragile ecosystem.

References
Abbi, A. (2009). Is Great Andamanese genealogically and typologically distinct from Onge and Jarawa?. Language Sciences,31(6), 791-812.

Bunwaree, S. S. (2002). Economics, conflicts and interculturality in a small island state: The case of Mauritius. Polis,9, 1-19.

Endicott, P., Gilbert, M. T. P., Stringer, C., Lalueza-Fox, C., Willerslev, E., Hansen, A. J., & Cooper, A. (2003). The genetic origins of the Andaman Islanders. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 72(1), 178-184.

Reddy, S. (2007). Mega tourism in Andaman and Nicobar Islands: some concerns. J. Hum. Ecol, 21(3), 231-239.

Stiglitz, J. (2011). The Mauritius Miracle. Project Syndicate.

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