...Last updated on June 04 [pic] Revised Draft PERFORMANCE MONITORING PLAN (“PMP”) Strategic Objective (“SO”) 1: Management Strengthening of NGOs USAID/Pakistan June March 2004 USAID/Pakistan has determined that this document is appropriate for public distribution on the Internet USAID/Pakistan has determined that this document is NOT appropriate for public distribution on the Internet TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS SECTION I. INTRODUCTION A. BACKGROUND B. USAID/Pakistan PRE-EXISTING SO 1 RESULTS FRAMEWORK USAID/PAKISTAN IMCP RESULTS FRAMEWORK B. LOGICAL CONSISTENCY OF THE RESULTS FRAMEWORK C. CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS SECTION III. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS Component One: Management Standards Component Two: NPO Certification Component Three: Dissemination and Outreach ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS iii SECTION I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. BACKGROUND 1 B. USAID/Pakistan PRE-EXISTING SO 1 RESULTS FRAMEWORK 1 USAID/PAKISTAN IMCP RESULTS FRAMEWORK 3 B. LOGICAL CONSISTENCY OF THE RESULTS FRAMEWORK 5 C. CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS 6 SECTION III. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS 7 Component One: Management Standards 7 Objective 1: To strengthen and increase the competitive base of Pakistani non-profit non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that meet the management standards required for a USAID award. 7 Component TWO: NPO CERTIFICATION 127 Objective...
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...Conteh; Ruby Proctor Garcia; Kathleen M. Parry; Joseph M. Schmerling; Jaime Ulloa Auditing Theory and Practice 0902 ACCT422 4021 Due: April 29, 2009 Table of Contents Page Number What is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002? 3 Why was SOX established? 4 When did SOX take effect? 5 What companies were affected and how? 6 What does SOX compliance require? 9 Conclusion 11 References 13 What is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002? The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 – its official name being “Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002” – is recognized to be the most significant U.S. federal disclosure and corporate governance legislation since the Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act) and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act), and, the provisions of the Act are significant enough that it is considered by many to be the most significant change to federal securities laws in the U.S. since the New Deal. It is best understood, however, not as a piece of legislation centered on a new concept of regulation, but as a process which mandated that many major reforms be implemented as soon as possible (in some cases, within 30 days) on the precise schedule specified by Congress. In that sense, the Enron and WorldCom debacles provided the impetus of public outrage that forced into effect some of the most readily available reform proposals for...
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...general guidance about an aspect of nonprofit corporate governance in the specific and limited context of the governance questions contained in the new IRS Form 990 (published by the IRS in 2008 and applicable to 990 filers based on a 2009-2011 filing year phase-in period depending on the size of the nonprofit). It is intended to provide some general guidance on the establishment of processes and/or policies to address a specific governance question in the Form. The subject matter of that question implicates a broad array of legal and practical issues ranging far beyond the immediate subject matter of the question itself. This material may address some of those issues but does NOT attempt to review them comprehensively and is NOT intended to be relied on for guidance on how they should be addressed in any specific situation. Whether or not a nonprofit organization adopts a specific governance process or policy (or modifies an existing one), either in response to the disclosure requirements of the new IRS Form 990 or to change its governance practices for other reasons is a matter to be carefully considered by that organization, with input from its board and advisors and evaluation of its specific circumstances. The IRS has explicitly stated that adoption of the policies and practices about which the new Form 990 asks is not mandatory, although the IRS has also indicated that it attaches significance to the manner in which all tax-exempt nonprofit organizations govern themselves...
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...A Proposal to Introduce Value Based Management in NGOs of Bangladesh Munima Siddika1 Abstract: Presently the rapid growth and diversification of the gigantic NGO sector of Bangladesh has given rise to questions and concerns, about their trade-offs between sustainability and pro-poor orientation; the impact and quality of services; corporate governance; management and accountability. The paper is based on a proposal to introduce a modern management system viz. value based management (VBM) in the NGOs of Bangladesh. Value-based management can be defined as an integrated management control system that measures, encourages and supports the creation of net worth. The report of Transparency International Bangladesh ‘Problems of Governance in the NGO Sector: The Way Out’ (TIB) 2007 is used here as an information source of finding out the flaws of existing management techniques. Finally the paper recommended implementation techniques of VBM in order to regain the image of the NGOs as a pioneer of social welfare in Bangladesh. Keywords: NGO, Transparency, Governance, Management, Strategies, Value Addition, Value Based Management etc. 1. Introduction Bangladesh has largely failed to assist the poor or reduce poverty because of limited resources and faulty planning, while Non Government Organizations (NGOs) have grown dramatically and ostensibly to fill up this gap. There are more and bigger NGOs here than in any other country of equivalent size. Bangladesh’s NGO sector is remarkable for...
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...children, to humble themselves and change. It is simplistic in its call, but profound in its meaning. To be like a child means that you are teachable, thirsty for knowledge, non-threatened, free from power or position, quick to forgive, flexible, easy to change, humble and free to explore. The same can said of a board member working out of a “generative mindset.” A child like heart is inquisitive, pure and full of wonder. Give a child a kaleidoscope and they are immediately fascinated, filled with wonder and amazement. Creating a dynamic governing board can and should be filled with this same type of humility, wonder and excitement that is bound in the heart of a child. This paper seeks to define and explore the ways generative governance can instill a greater sense of purpose, a child like wonder, humility and learning into our organizations today. These principles of generative thinking will be applied to the Mission Center of HOPE, a newly formed 501(c)3 organization that is in its infancy, in hopes that a culture of inquiry and generative mindset can be instilled in the very foundation of the organization. The MCOH, being a new organization, has the amazing opportunity to foster a learning organization from the very beginning. This paper will also show how generative thinking can be built organization a mechanism by...
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...Universite Abstract: It is estimated that donors commit between US$ 800 million and US$ 1 billion to microfinance per year. This paper analyses the management of microfinance institutions (MFIs) and its relationship with donors’ subsidies. The results show that the level of subsidies granted per year is related to the management quality but not the subsidies divided by the gross loan portfolio or the total equity. Well-managed MFIs are larger and regulated organisations but not significantly older. The organisational structure or the experience of the MFI however does not play a role in determining its financial effectiveness, except for cooperatives. Copyright # 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Keywords: microfinance; subsidies; management; governance; nonprofit JEL Classification: L31; M54; O16; Q14 1 INTRODUCTION Formal financial institutions have neglected a large part of developing country populations. Considered as high-risk clients, the poor have been denied access to financial services. Microfinance has been praised during the last twenty years as a new development policy tool serving people who have been excluded from the formal banking system. The financial performances of microfinance institutions (MFIs) have been largely highlighted by the international community (Armendariz de Aghion, 1999; Murduch, ´ 1999a,b; Tucker, 2001; Stephens, 2005; Gutierrez-Nieto and Serrano-Cinca, 2007; Hudon and Lietaer, 2007; Hermes and Lensink, 2007; Vanroose, 2008). However, little research has...
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...* Institute of Management Accountants Statement of Ethical Professional Practice For accountants that work in industry or management accounting roles, the Institute for Management Accountants requires that its constituents follow the IMA Statement of Ethical Professional Practice including Honesty, Fairness, Objectivity, and responsibility. It’s similar to the AIPCA Code of Professional Conduct, but the AIPCA Code of Professional Conduct emphasizes independence, integrity, and objectivity. And the independence is the backbone of the AICPA profession. This differs from management accounts which are not independent of their employer. Also, the IMA code provides a pattern of behavior to follow if a member is caught in an ethical conflict. • Institute of Internal Auditors Code of Ethics The Institute of Internal Auditors Code of Ethics are integrity, objectivity, confidentiality and competency. These are similar with the AICPA Code.But the IIA focuses on the sector of internal auditor that serves businesses by working within the company. But the AICPA focuses on the sector of the accounting profession that serves investors, lenders and creditors outside of the company. The Institute of Internal Auditors Code of Ethics emphasize objectivity. The AICPA code emphasize independence. • New York Stock Exchange Listing Requirements New York Stock Exchange Listing Requirements emphasize audit committee independence. A corporation's audit committee must...
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...| Internal Auditing in Not-For-Profit Organizations | TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT: 2 INTRODUCTION 2 SECTION I: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 3 1. Corporate Governance Reforms Relevant to NPOs 3 2. Audit Committees of NPOs 4 SECTION II: RISK MANAGEMENT 6 1. Absence of Risk Management in NPO 6 2. Reasons for Risk Management in NPO 7 3. Process of Risk Management in NPO 9 SECTION III: INTERNAL CONTROLS 10 1. An illustrative example 10 2. Good Internal Controls 11 3. Strengthening Internal Controls 12 CONCLUSION 14 ABSTRACT: This paper discusses internal auditing in not-for-profit organizations (NPOs). Specifically, our goal is to identify the role of the internal audit in NPOs by focusing on key areas such as corporate governance, audit committees, risk management and internal controls in NPOs. We will look at corporate governance reforms relevant to NPOs, including provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that would be applicable to NPOs and some important attributes of the audit committee such as independence of members. We will highlight the role risk assessment plays in NPOs, the reasons to have a risk management function in NPO and the process of risk management. To finish, a focus will be made on internal controls as they are important for all organizations including NPOs for accountability motives. Strong internal controls can help NPOs achieve their mission. Overall, our findings conducted to the conclusion that internal auditing function is very important...
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...to transition to the international standards. It might be objective to have a single set of high quality globally accepted accounting standards. • Part Two: 3. What is Sarbanes-Oxley? It is a United States federal law enacted on July 30, 2002 in response to a number of scandals that includes Enron, and World Com. 4. What is the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board? The PCAOB is a nonprofit corporation established by Congress to oversee the audits of public companies in order to protect investors and the public interest by promoting informative, accurate, and independent audit reports. The PCAOB also oversees the audits of brokers and dealers, including compliance reports filed pursuant to federal securities laws, to promote investor protection. 5. Select two requirements provided for in Sarbanes-Oxley; describe (IN YOU OWN WORDS) the impact of the items you selected on the accounting profession. Your response should be about one page, single spaced. In July of 2002, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in response to a wave of corporate governance scandals. The legislation was designed to increase the oversight and regulation of the accounting profession. By strengthening corporate...
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...The Moral Compass nd understand moral theory. In fact, you have a moral philosophy – but you may not think of it that way. Every time you have a conversation about what someone “should” or “ought” to do, you doing moral philosophy. Your moral converations may be very personal – whether you should return the five dollars extra change the clerk gave you at the video store – or very broad – whether national security is more important than personal freedom. Whatever your moral conversations are about, it is likely there is a body of literature that would be useful in clarifying your thoughts on the issue. It may be a good idea for you to read a basic textbook on moral philosophy to review or familiarize yourself with the way philosophers have thought about some of the moral issues that almost everyone encounters. It is especially useful to be familiar with the terms and concepts of moral philosophy so you can express your views precisely and intelligently. Some of the major moral theories are briefly summarized in the Primer of Moral Theory that follows. You will find most of them are discussed in more detail in any basic moral philosophy text, although you may find them listed under slightly different titles. As you consider each theory, use the “Where Do I Stand” box to mark your position on it. Include a brief explanation of the reasons for your position. The purpose of this exercise is for you to decide for yourself what moral theories and standpoints make the most sense to...
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...Introduction The United States is the only major industrialized nation without universal health insurance. Over the years the inequities in access to care, quality, and the rising cost has led many Americans to be uninsured or underinsured. During 2007 and 2008, one out of three Americans under 65 was without health insurance. 86.7 million Americans were uninsured from 2007 to 2008 (Pifer-Bixler, 2009). The Foundation of Medical Relief, Inc. FMR was developed to be 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Our goal is to ensure every community member in the greater Kansas City Metro area is compliant with the ACA health insurance coverage mandate by January 2014. We try to keep the uninsured and underinsured healthy by providing access to high quality, affordable health insurance for uninsured and underinsured in the greater Kansas City, Missouri area. Kansas City saw an increase in the number of uninsured children. As U.S. poverty rate grew in 2009, 20 percent more people need health care help. The number of uninsured Americans was 49.9 million in 2010 (Stafford, 2011). Everyone is at risk of being uninsured (Families USA, 2009). Therefore, we developed Foundation for Medical Relief, Inc. (FMR) with the vision as to foster and promote collaborative relationships; will develop partnerships with public and private health services agencies and the community in general enhance the administration of the health care act. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was made into law in March...
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...Acknowledgements “Criticism, like rain, should be gentle enough to nourish a men’s growth without destroying his roots” Frank A. Clark I would like to thank my academic advisor, Gordon Holyer for his patience and kind guidance through various stages of the project. Through his suggestions and valuable advice the project grew in scope, gained necessary clarity and professional delivery. The benefit and help provided by Gordon Holyer is best summarized in the opening quote above for which I thank him wholeheartedly. Furthermore, I would like to show my appreciation for Vancouver Island University faculty for seamless transition from classroom to work settings. To my Internship Coordinator Nattallie Tessier my sincere gratitude for your tireless commitment and unwavering support. Last but not least, I would like to show appreciation to my Internship Mentor Carrie Linegar for giving me this internship opportunity at BC Wheelchair Basketball Society. I will always remember the experience as wonderful and it was genuine pleasure learning from you. Without of the collective support of all individuals involved I would not have completed this project. Milan Azanjac 565 582 699 Table of Contents Acknowledgements i List of Acronyms iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vii SECTION 1 – INTRODUCTION 1 1-1. Company Profile 1 1-2. Goals and Objectives of the Applied Project 1 SECTION 2 – SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 3 2-1 Environmental Analysis 3 2-1-1. Economic segment 3 2-1-2...
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...report states that service provision, or service delivery is the chief function the health system needs to perform (WHO 2000). As such, Figure 8.1 (see also Chapter 1, Figure 1.1) shows the relationship between service delivery and the other modules of this health systems assessment and their relationship with health system objectives. Because of the limited time to conduct this assessment, more emphasis will be placed on personal health (as opposed to public health) services and service delivery functions at the subnational level (i.e., the district, hospital, health center, health post, and dispensary levels). Health sector planning is covered in the Governance module, Chapter 6. For the purposes of this assessment, the private sector role in service delivery will refer to the following— • For-profit (commercial) and nonprofit (nongovernmental organization [NGO] or...
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...The Moral Compass Leadership for a Free World Lindsay J Thompson Leadership Ethics Course Manual ~ © 2005 Lindsay J Thompson ~ All rights reserved 2 THE MORAL COMPASS Leadership for a Free World Table of Contents introduction page 5 core learning page 9 the leadership labyrinth page 11 the m oral com pass page 27 values and global value creation page 73 corporate citizenship page 93 bibliography page 109 the case lab page 113 Leadership Ethics Course Manual ~ © 2005 Lindsay J Thompson ~ All rights reserved 3 Leadership Ethics Course Manual ~ © 2005 Lindsay J Thompson ~ All rights reserved 4 introduction Moral Leadership for a Free World If you read a newspaper this morning, you almost surely read something related to morality, leadership, and freedom. From international relations to neighborhood and family life, concerns about leadership ethics and human welfare are the focus of news, political movements, and civic initiatives. Emotionally engaging terms like “moral leadership,” “the free world” and “human freedom” are often used in the media without much explanation or clarification. Momentous decisions are made and life choices established in the name of values attached to these and similar terms. What do we really mean by “moral leadership,” or “freedom?” If two people use these terms in a conversation, do they explicitly share a common understanding of them or just assume common ground? For instance...
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...faced the challenges come from the SOX act. Some of them are in favor and some are against the Nortel. ‘SOX’ has manipulated a larger impact on Nortel internal employee and external customers as well as their financial statement. The outcome of the Nortel is clearly different from before implementing the SOX. This paper is to find out the deeper understanding of SOX, how it governs the public corporate, financial disclosure and practice of public accounting in general sense. Besides this it will focus on the outcomes of Nortel network after implementation of SOX and its financial statement. Introduction There have been found a number of corporate financial scandals (e.g. Tyco International) that provides various type of weakness in the governance and auditing practice in the organization. It represents the failures in controlling the reliability and integrity to the stock markets. The scandals cost billions of dollars for the investors when the affected companies were collapsed. As a result, these scandals make upset the public confidence in the nation’s security markets. The Sarbanes oxley act was passed in positive response by the American congress on July 30, 2002 in response to a number of major corporate and accounting scandals and these scandals in result of decreasing the investors or shareholders confident on investing on the share market. To restore their confident, a new...
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