...- IRQ 0 - system timer IRQ 1 - keyboard controller IRQ 2 - cascaded signals from IRQ's 8-15 (any devices configured to use IRQ 2 will actually be using IRQ 9) IRQ 3 - serial port controller for serial port 2 (shared with serial port 4, if present) IRQ 4 - serial port controller for serial port 1 (shared with serial port 3, if present) IRQ 5 - parallel port 2 and 3 or sound card IRQ 6 - floppy disk controller IRQ 7 - parallel port 1 Used for printers or for any parallel port if a printer is not present, can also be possibly be shared with a secondary sound card IRQ 8 - real-time clock (RTC) IRQ 9 - advanced configuration and power interface system control interrupt or available for the use of peripherals configured for IRQ 2 to use IRQ 9 IRQ 10 - interrupt is left open for the use of peripherals (SCSI or NIC) IRQ 11 - interrupt is left open for the use of peripherals (SCSI or NIC) IRQ 12 - mouse or PS/2 connector IRQ 13 - CPU co-processor or integrated floating point unit or inter-processor interrupt IRQ 14 - primary ATA channel IRQ 15 - secondary ATA channel 3. Hard drives available: 250 GB, 320 GB, 500 GB, 750 GB, 1 Terabyte, 2 T, 3 T, 4 T, 5 T, 6 T, 8 T, 10 T and Western Digital released a a 12 terabyte hard drive this year filled helium to reduce friction 4. CPU - central processing unit, basically the electric circuitry of the computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program RAM - Random access memory, a "board" in your computer that...
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...Running Header: MSI XPOWER MOTHERBOARD PORTS AND MEMORY SLOTS 2 Figure 1 An annotated image of the MicroStar International (MSI) Z87 XPower motherboard showing the expansion busses on the rear panel Expansion Busses Expansion Busses (MicroStar International Products. (2013). Retrieved October 6, 2013 from http://us.msi.com/product/mb/Z87-XPOWER.html) Running Header: MSI XPOWER MOTHERBOARD PORTS AND MEMORY SLOTS 3 Figure 2 USB 2.0 PS/2 Keyboard Mouse Wi-Fi / Bluetooth 4.0 USB 3.0 HDMI S/PDIF Out VESA Display Port Ethernet USB 3.0 Audio Ports USB 2.0 PS/2 Keyboard Mouse Wi-Fi / Bluetooth 4.0 USB 3.0 HDMI S/PDIF Out VESA Display Port Ethernet USB 3.0 Audio Ports An annotated image of the expansion busses on the MicroStar International (MSI) Z87 XPower motherboard (MicroStar International Products. (2013). Retrieved October 6, 2013 from http://us.msi.com/product/mb/Z87-XPOWER.html) Running Header: MSI XPOWER MOTHERBOARD PORTS AND MEMORY SLOTS 4 Figure 3 10 SATA 3.0 connectors for HDD / SSD Multi BIOS storage using M-Disk 4 SDRAM DDR3 slots for memory cards 10 SATA 3.0 connectors for HDD / SSD Multi BIOS storage using M-Disk 4 SDRAM DDR3 slots for memory cards An annotated image of the memory slots on the MicroStar International (MSI) Z87 XPower motherboard (MicroStar International Products. (2013). Retrieved October 6, 2013 from http://us.msi.com/product/mb/Z87-XPOWER...
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...Fredrick Donaldson Nov.5, 2014 NT1110 Unit 5 Assignment 1 Video Summary 3 CPUs In today’s market there are 2 main manufacturers of CPUs: Intel and AMD. There are also some smaller competitors that manufacture CPUs, but they tend to come and go. The way a CPU is organized varies, but here are the basics: The motherboard system bus carries information into and out of the CPU. When the system bus enters the CPU, it’s called a Front side bus. The Front side bus usually uses a 64-bit wide data path. On the side of the CPU you will find a controller. A controller manages the basic functions of the CPU, and controls communication between the motherboard and other components within the CPU. These other components includes one or more ALUs and internal cache. An ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), is responsible for solving complex calculations. Having multiple ALUs in a single processor is what gave the early Pentiums their multi-processing capabilities. Communication between the controllers and the ALU uses a 32-bit wide internal data bus. The bus system that supports communication between the cache, the ALU, and the controllers is referred to as the backside bus. The most important thing a person needs to know about a processor is the speed at which it processes information; (CPU speed). There are several ways to gauge CPU speeds. This may sound like an advantage, but oftentimes, these multiple ways are misleading. The speeds differ inside and outside the processor. Internally...
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...NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic Week 7 Unit 9 Quiz 1. Biometrics is used to authenticate based on: a. something you know. b. something you are. c. something you have. d. something you do. 2. Which of the following is used to encrypt an entire hard disk? a. EFS b. NTFS c. BitLocker d. Local Audit Policy 3. Which file system provides the most features? a. FAT b. FAT16 c. FAT32 d. NTFS 4. An example of something a user knows used for authentication is a: a. retina scan. b. thumbprint. c. PIN. d. signature. 5. A firewall that protects against malicious traffic inbound and outbound is called a/an __________ firewall. a. one-way b. two-way c. pass through d. filtering 6. Files encrypted with EFS cannot be opened by: a. the user who encrypted them. b. EFS key holders. c. administrators. d. guest users. 7. Which is not a good password management technique? a. Changing passwords periodically b. Enforcing a minimum password length c. Telling a friend your password in case you forget it d. Preventing old passwords from being reused NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic Week 7 Unit 9 Quiz 8. Sending an email that tricks a user into providing personal information is a form of: a. baiting. b. phishing. c. pretexting. d. Trojan horsing. 9. Which is not a Windows account level? a. Administrator b. Guest c. Limited d. Supervisor 10. Which permission is needed to access and run programs? a. List b. Modify c. Read and execute d. Write 11. This is a graphical file-management...
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...NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic Week 6 Unit 8 Quiz 1. Which graphical interface is used to explore the file system? a. Windows Explorer b. Internet Explorer c. Control Panel d. Command prompt This type of physical drive partition can only contain one drive letter. a. Primary b. Secondary c. Extended d. Logical Apple computers running Mac OS X can use which processors? a. Intel only b. PowerPC only c. Intel and PowerPC d. AMD only Which of the following is not a Linux distribution? a. PCnix b. Red Hat c. SuSE d. Ubuntu Which operating system has the largest market share? a. DOS b. Linux c. Mac OS X d. Windows Which of the following is not a Windows Vista GUI feature? a. Three-dimensional windows b. Translucent windows c. Self-modifying windows d. Window animations Mini applications that provide a variety of services, such as connecting to the Internet to access weather updates, are called: a. applicons b. gadgets c. sidebars d. windowizers 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic Week 6 Unit 8 Quiz 8. Viewing local and network drives is accomplished with which graphic utility? a. Internet Explorer b. My Computer c. Control Panel d. Command prompt The starting point for adjusting hardware and user interface settings is __________. a. Internet Explorer b. My Computer c. Control Panel d. the command prompt This type of drive partition can contain one or more logical drives. a. Primary b. Secondary c. Extended d. Logical To create a file system, you must____________________...
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...NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic STUDENT COPY STUDENT COPY The following sections contain student copies of the assignments that must be distributed to students at least two weeks prior to the due dates for those assignments. Online students will have access to those documents in PDF format available for downloading at any time during the course. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -87- Change Date: 08/25/2011 NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic STUDENT COPY: Graded Assignments Graded Assignment Requirements Assignment Requirements documents provided below must be printed and distributed to students as the guidance for completing the assignments and submitting them for grading. Instructors must remind students to retain all handouts and assignment documents issued in every U U unit, as well as student-prepared documentation and graded deliverables. Some or all these documents will be used repeatedly across different units. Unit 1 Assignment 1: Integrated Circuit Technology Learning Objectives and Outcomes This assignment addresses the course objective “Describe the components of a personal computer.” The expected learning outcomes that will result from completing the assignment are: You will be able to perform specific Internet searches for information. You will be able to illustrate the growth of the number of transistors available in integrated circuits used in computers. You...
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...Mr. Yang | NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic | Unit 3 Assignment 1: I/O Devices | | Jesus Gutierrez I/O Devices I/O devices enable us to control the computer and Information in a variety of ways. * What critical I/O devices are necessary to use a personal computer? Which ones are not necessary for normal day-to- day use and why? Necessary devices used on a personal computer keyboard, for typing or telling the computer what to do. Monitor, for seeing all the information you type in, watching videos ect… Speakers for listening music and watching videos. Now a days we often use USB ports for just about everything, storing information from one device to a desk top up to a laptop. Also charging our electric devices, as well as storing information into USB cards. Not necessary I/O for a personal computer can be printer, scanner, web cam. * Why a modem is considered an I/O device? The reason Is it sends and retrieves data usually at the same time. * Though a printer is an essential I/O device, can you think of why it may be also classified as an input device? If It is a combination of printer/fax/scanner it could be both. When it is printing it’s an output device. When scanning it is an input device. [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents...
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...Nt1110 Integrated Circuit Technology Jerick San Gabriel NT1110 Unit 1 Assignment 1: Integrated Circuit Technology 2.) Processor Model | Year | Transistor Count | Intel 4004 | 1971 | 2,300 | Intel 8008 | 1972 | 3,500 | Intel 8080 | 1974 | 4,500 | Intel 8085 | 1976 | 6,500 | Intel 8086 | 1978 | 29,000 | Intel 8088 | 1979 | 29,000 | Intel 80186 | 1982 | 55,000 | Intel 80286 | 1982 | 134,000 | Intel 80386 | 1985 | 275,000 | Intel 80486 | 1989 | 1,180,235 | Pentium | 1993 | 3,100,000 | Pentium Pro | 1995 | 5,500,000 | Pentium II | 1997 | 7,500,000 | Pentium III | 1999 | 9,500,000 | Pentium 4 | 2000 | 42,000,000 | Atom | 2008 | 47,000,000 | Itanium 2 McKinley | 2002 | 220,000,000 | Core 2 Duo | 2006 | 291,000,000 | Itanium 2 Madison 6M | 2003 | 410,000,000 | Itanium 2 with 9MB cache | 2004 | 592,000,000 | Core i7 (Quad) | 2008 | 731,000,000 | Quad-Core + GPU Core i7 | 2011 | 1,160,000,000 | Six-Core Core i7 (Gulf town) | 2010 | 1,170,000,000 | Quad-Core + GPU Core i7 | 2012 | 1,400,000,000 | Dual-Core Itanium 2 | 2006 | 1,700,000,000 | Six-Core Xeon 7400 | 2008 | 1,900,000,000 | Quad-Core Itanium Tukwila | 2010 | 2,000,000,000 | Six-Core Core i7/8- Core Xeon E5 | 2011 | 2,270,000,000 | 8-Core Xeon Nehalem-EX | 2010 | 2,300,000,000 | 10-Core Xeon West mere-EX | 2011 | 2,600,000,000 | 8-Core Itanium Poulson | 2012 | 3,100,000,000 | 62-Core Xeon Phi | 2012 | 5,000,000,000 | 3.) Quad-Core Itanium Tukwila, 2010, 2,000,000,000 4.) Anonymous....
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...Ariel Torrente NT1110 Unit 5 Analysis Pentium Flaw Ariel Torrente NT1110 Unit 5 Analysis 7/27/2013 Pentium Flaw The Pentium flaw also nicknamed the Pentium FDIV bug, was an identified error in the Intel P5 Pentium floating unit. The presence of the bug can be checked manually by performing the following application that uses native floating numbers, including Windows Calculator or Microsoft Excel in Windows 95/98 (Pentium FDIV bug). The Pentium flaw was discovered byProfessor Thomas R.Nicely at Lynchburg Collwge,Virginia USA (Emery, Vince). Dr.Thomas R Nicely is a mathematic professor, noticed a small difference in two sets of numbers, he always double-checks his work by computing everything twice, two different ways (Emery, Vince). Dr.Nicely spent months successively eliminating possible causes such as PCI bus errors and compiler artifacts (Emery, Vince). Intel wanted to keep to keep the Pentium flaw a secret, after Intel testers discovered a division error in the Pentium chip (Emery, Vince). Intel managers decided that the error wouldn’t affect many people, therefore no one outside of the company was not informed (Emery, Vince). The pandemonium over Intel’s Pentium chip cost the company millions of dollars and could have been prevented and became an uproar on the internet (Emery, Vince). This was Intel’s first mistake and the company was given a reputation that made Intel not a trustworthy company and not disclosing that information made them seem to be hiding a...
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...NT1110 Unit 6 Student Study Guide 1. What are the two types of memory found in your computer? RAM & ROM 2. Discuss the features of RAM. RAM can be changed at any time and loses its data when power is turned off 3. What is an important characteristic of DRAM? DRAM is Dynamic 4. What type of RAM does not require refreshing? SDRAM DRAM 5. Discuss the main feature of DDR and DDR2. DDR – Double Data Rate DDR2 – Double Data Rate Enhanced 6. What is a RDRAM module? Discuss its application. A dynamic variant of the RAM 7. Compare and identify memory modules. 168 pin DIMM 100 pin DIMM 172 Pin Micro DIMM or DDR 8. Which type is used in laptops? 144-pin SODIMM 9. Discuss the geometry of hard drives. The Geometry of hard drive is organization of data on Platters 10. How many drives can be attached to one PATA cable? 2 Drives 11. How are they identified? IDE or SATA 12. Define UDMA. The UDMA interface was the fastest method used to transfer data between the computer and ATA devices until serial ATA. 13. Discuss the major features of ATA drives. ATA drives are the standard interface that connect hard disks and optical units to a computer. 14. What information is provided by the PATA BIOS? LBA Translation, Hard drive geometry and Data transfer rate 15. List the three geometry factors. Number of cylinders, write/ read heads and sectors...
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...Donshay Clark 7-22-13 NT1110 Unit 6 Analysis 2: Memory Cost 1. Your OS will use the hard drive as a "swap file" or virtual memory, if your PC runs out of RAM while you are working away. Using your hard drive as memory causes a serious performance hit, as hard drives are slower than RAM. You must have enough memory, adding more does not help if you are not doing anything that needs more memory. Today, a modern PC and a modern OS need about 4 gigs to achieve this for most standard users. You want enough RAM so the OS doesn't start using the hard drive as memory. 2. The user with the three 200 GB hard disks has the advantage, because he can utilize all three disks simultaneously, while the other one can only use that single disk. The user with the three disks will probably be able to do more, faster. 3. A typical home computer user would require RAID technology if they use their computer as a home office and have data that is invaluable or irreplaceable. The option is becoming more popular because of the speed increase, and or data reliability you achieve when you set RAID up. A typical business user would use RAID to provide data redundancy, fault tolerance, increased capacity, and increased performance. Data redundancy protects the data from hard drive failures. This benefit is good for companies or individuals that have critical or important data to protect, or just anyone that's paranoid about losing data. Fault tolerance goes hand in hand with redundancy...
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...Unit 5 Assignment 1 Homework David Thompson NT1110 Oct/21/2013 1 Three reasons why overheating would occur in the CPU would be the result of having a lot of dust inside your computer, dirt buildup. Having a faulty fan. Another reason would be not enough air flow coming and coming into your computer. 2 Overclocking is to run a microprocessor faster than the speed for which it has been tested and approved. 3 Throttling process is a process responsible for regulating the rate at which application process scene is conducted either static we are dynamically 4 Thermal compound increases the thermal connectivity of a thermal interface five billion microscopic air gaps in imperfect flat smooth surfaces 5 Since the core or processor is a unit that reads and executes programs instructions, such as copy or move data. multiple cores can do multiple instructions at the same time increasing overall speed of the programs itself 6 Hyper threading is used to improve parallelization of computations or doing multiple tasks at once performed on the PCs microprocessor. It addresses two virtual or logic corps and shares the workload between them when possible the main function of hyper threading is to decrease the number of depending instructions to one core. 7 A cache is used to reduce the average time to access memory cache is a smaller faster memory which stores copies of the data from frequently used memory locations. There is instruction cache to...
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...Unit 6 : Memory Cost 1. Elyse Segebart NT1110 Computer Structure and Logic 02.15.2014 Unit 6 Analysis 1: Memory Cost RAM Prices throughout the years: Year | Average Cost Per Gigabyte | 2013 | $5.5 | 2010 | $12.37 | 2005 | $189 | 2000 | $1,107 | 1995 | $30,875 | 1990 | $103,880 | 1985 | $859,375 | 1980 | $6,328,125 | 2. Historic RAM Prices | Year | Manufacturer | Size (KB) | Price | Price / MB | 1957 | C.C.C. | 0.00098 | $392 | $411,041,792 | 1960 | E.E.Co. | 0.00098 | $5 | $5,242,880 | 1965 | IBM | 0.00098 | $2.52 | $2,642,412 | 1970 | IBM | 0.00098 | $0.70 | $734,003 | 1975 | MITS | 0.25 | $103 | $421,888 | 1980 | Interface Age | 64 | $405 | $6,480 | 1985 | Do Kay BYTE | 512 | $440 | $880 | 1990 | Unitex BYTE | 8,192 | $851 | $106 | 1995 | Pacific Coast Micro | 16,384 | $494 | $30.9 | 2000 | Crucial | 65,536 | $72 | $1.12 | 2005 | Corsair | 1,048,576 | $189 | $0.185 | 2010 | Kingston | 8,388,608 | $99 | $0.0122 | 2013 | Crucial | 16,777,216 | $88 | $0.0054 | In 1957, one bit of RAM cost roughly $49 dollars based on the chart above. Just last year in 2013, the price per bit for ram storage is not even pennies. 3. I would say that in theory, it would be possible to create a flash-based SSD of 100TB capacity connected via PCI-e slot, and it could theoretically be done today. The problem is, it would cost somewhere in the neighborhood of (get this) $200,000 USD. It would require 200 M2 style 480GB SSD drives connected by a custom controller...
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...NT1110 Unit 6 Research 1: Network Attached Storage 1. What happens when you combine a hard drive and a network adapter is called NAS (Network System Storage). Network-attached storage (NAS) is a dedicated hard disk storage device that is set up with its own network address and provides file-based data storage services to other devices on the network. 2. NAS devices come in many varieties depending on if you build it yourself or purchase a vendor product. The speed is typically one gigabit Ethernet connection but this can be changed to multiple gigabit, 10 gigabit, fiber optic by adding a pci-e network card(s). Older parts can be used which may be limited to 10/100 megabit. If you need an exact answer for speed, simply look at the wiki on gigabit. The capacity range again varies; people have built 40 TB machines and other just have 2TB. With port replication and add-on hard drive controller cards there is hardly a limit on size. A board with 6 sata ports can be replicated (1 to 5 port) allowing for 30 drives to be attached, if 3TB drives were used in raid 50 that would be 72TB of storage. As far as fault tolerance, raid 50 is fairly stable if set up correctly, raid 10 has been touted as one of the best setups since more drives can fail at one time without data loss. All of those features can be used on typical NAS devices....
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...Shawna Rockwell October 1, 2015 Unit 3 Assignment 1 NT1110 Input and Output Ports and Devices * Input and output devices: used to interact with computer. * I/O devices connect through I/O ports Types of I/O Ports * Serial Port: Transmit data at 1 bit at a time, male and has 9 or 25 pins * Parallel Ports: Transmit data at 8 bits, female and has 25 pins * Game Ports: Female, 15 pins in 2 rows * VGA Port: 15 Pin with three rows D type * DVI PORT: (Digital Visual Interface) * S-Video port: Connects to TV, 4-7 pins * USB 1.1: Transmit maximum of 12 Mbps, Maximum cable length of 3 meters * USB 2.0: Transmit maximum of 480 Mbps, Maximum cable length of 5 meters * SCSI Narrow: Type A, 50 pin connector, most common type * SCSI Wide: Type P, 68 Pin * FIREWIRE (IEEE1394): Fast, Uses Serial communication, Hot swappable, and expected to replace SCSI * FIREWIRE (IEEE1394): Used for Streaming Media. Examples of Input Devices Devices used to feed data and control signals to a computer. * Keyboard * Mice * Microphone * Game controllers * Scanners * Cameras Examples of Output Devices Output devices provide the data processed or stored by the computer. Output devices may be audio, visual, or both. * Monitors * Printers * Projectors * Speakers Summary of Thoughts The video exercise was very educational, I’ve always had trouble remembering what the ports name is and the number of pins...
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