Star One of the most common setup of networks is the “star topology”, being that every node within the network connects to a central network device. The central network device can be a hub, switch, or even a computer, and it also acts as a server to the nodes on the network. Some advantages to the star topology are the ease of adding another computer to the network and the networks continue to function normally when one network fails. The disadvantages are the cost is higher, the performance is determined by the central network device, and lastly if the central network device fails there is no back up so all networks fail.

Bus The “Bus Topology” is a network setup in which each computer and network device are connected to a single cable. This type of setup is not good for large networks for many reasons. Some reasons are difficulty in troubleshooting individual devices and the entire network, the network can fail if the cable is damaged, and the more devices on the network slows down the entire network. In contrary to larger networks, this set up is perfect for smaller networks, because it requires less cable length and setting up the actual network is easier as well.

Ring This network is mostly used in schools and offices, where the networks are smaller. In this setup the devices are connected to each other going in a circle shape, so that each packet must go around the circle until it reaches its destination. Data flows only in one direction at high speeds between the workstations, therefore no requirement for a server needed. In addition, the cost is a bit more expensive to connect the workstation and when a workstation shuts down the entire network will be