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Nuclear Chemistry Assessment Task: Uranium

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Nuclear Chemistry Assessment Task

Name: Joshua Sheedy
Teacher: Mr Vogel
Subject: Chemistry
Task: HSC Chemistry -Task 1
Due Date: 21-11-2014 Task A:
Scientists have always marvelled at the idea of making larger and heavier atoms. As Uranium, at an atomic weight of 92, is the heaviest naturally occurring atom, scientists have had to think of creative ways to force protons and neutrons into the nuclei of pre-existing elements to create elements of larger molecular weights. These elements are called transuranic elements, because they are found after uranium on the periodic table. The most recently discovered transuranic element that has been synthetically made and accepted by IUPAC (The International Union of Pure …show more content…
As the two nuclei are both positively charged, they must collide at speeds close to the speed of light to have enough momentum to fuse into one nucleus. This process can be expressed by the basic image shown in diagram 1 below. The cyclotron works by accelerating particles around the circular course by a magnetic field. These magnetic fields are aligned so that that they are constantly applying repulsion forces against the charged particle. Once this particle is accelerated to almost the speed of light, they are collided with the Curium nucleus, creating Livermorium-292 and an ejected alpha …show more content…
This atom emits radiation in the form of alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays in an attempt to become stable. Alpha particles are made up of two protons and two neutrons (the nucleus of a Helium atom). Beta Particles are made up of a single ultra high-speed electron. Lastly Gamma rays are electromagnetic energy waves with no physical structure (Kentchemistry.com, n.d.). The properties of these types of radiation are important in the use of radioisotopes because it determines the effect they will have. Alpha particles have low penetrating effect because they are large and will ionize matter close to it. Beta particles are much smaller and can penetrate through the human body. Lastly Gamma rays are infinitesimal and have no mass, meaning that they can easily pass through thick objects, as they may not touch anything to ionize for some

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