...Care Theory Compare and Contrast Paper Jean Watson’s Theory of human caring is based on transpersonal relationships and developing a caring environment that offers the development potential while allowing the person to choose the best course of action. Through interactions with others we learn how to recognize ourselves in others. Watson believes that through these interactions humanity is preserved. John Paley’s article A Slave Morality: Nietzchean themes in nursing ethics criticizes Watson’s theory that caring is central to nursing. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast John Paley’s article to Jean Watson’s Commentary on Shattle M (2004) Nurse-patient interaction: A review of the literature. A discussion of Watson’s background and care theory; John Paley’s background, and a brief discussion Friedich Nietzschen’s major philosophical beliefs. Jean Watson’s background Jean Watson was born in West Virginia in 1940. She graduated from the University of Colorado where she earned her BSN, MS, and in 1973 her PhD. Dr. Watson is widely published and has received many awards and honors. She is a distinguished professor of nursing and endowed chair in Caring Health Science. She is also a fellow at the American Academy of nursing. Watson’s research specialized in loss and human caring. She developed the Theory of Transpersonal Caring, which is also referred to as The Caring Model in the late 1970’s. Her theory evolved over many years, but the principles have remained...
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...Analysis Across Nursing Theories Dana Montgomery NUR/513 Mary Nicks Abstract Define caring? Caring is a critical element of caring in the profession of nursing. It is the groundwork approach that is utilized in day to day practice. Many theories have been studied in regards to caring. For the purpose of this paper, I will be discussing Marilyn Ann Ray’s Theory of Bureaucratic Caring, Madeline Leininger’s Cultural Caring Theory, and Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. The Theory of Bureaucratic caring was created for a more multifaceted institute while the Cultural Caring theory identifies the need for cultural awareness in caring. Theory of Caring describes caring in a more methodical approach. The meaning of caring respectively has similar qualities, but the approaches are entirely different. This paper will elucidate on these three theories of caring, compare and analyze their concept definitions, and apply a specific theory to practice. Caring is defined as feeling and displaying concern or empathy for others. Nursing has become more convoluted with advancing technology and continuous changes, it can be very challenging. For an individual to become an efficient nurse they must have a positive perception of what caring is as it has become a vital part of nursing. Concepts are essential to theory development and have often been referred to as the building blocks or structural components of theory (Chinn & Kramer 1999). As a core concept caring has directed the...
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...Perspective Essay There are many nursing theorist that have influenced the development of nursing research. Nursing Theorist have provided the interrelated frameworks of ideas which focus on nursing practice. Through clinical application and information, nursing science adds relevance to the care of patients in health and disease. Nursing theories provide guidance to researchers and educate nurses (Keefe, 2011) to look at different approaches in caring for their patients. This paper will show how one theorist most influenced the development of nursing research. The 1990's was the decade for research and expanded nursing theory. This period elevated the use of evidence-based and best practices in nursing (George, 2011). Transcultural Nursing was introduced in 1992 by Madeline Leininger. Leininger’s theory says that the goal of nursing care is to” provide care congruent with cultural values, beliefs, and practices’ (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). The cultural and sociocultural factors of each person affects how they take on factors, meanings, and expressions of health and caring systems. This theory has wide applicability in different settings. The interest is focused on nurses becoming culturally competent so they can provide appropriate nursing care to a growing culturally/ethnically diverse patient population. Nursing paradigms show a clear relationship among the existing theoretical works in nursing. Leininger is the proponent of Transcultural Nursing and Human Care Theory. According...
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...Concept Comparison and Analysis across Theories Paper NUR 513 August 6, 2012 Comparison and Analysis Theories Paper The heart of nursing has always been caring. Since the start of professional nursing with Florence Nightingale, theorists have been writing about caring. This paper highlights three caring theories Madeleine Leininger, Jean Watson, and the combine theory of Patricia Benner and Judith Wrubel these theorists each has developed a theory of caring. This paper will examine each by comparing and contrasting on how each looks at caring. Leininger Madeline Leininger developed her first theories in the mid-1950s. Her main theory is transcultural nursing and caring theory. This theory was formed by an inadequate knowledge of cultural factors that represented a missing link to providing quality nursing care. Leininger believed that caring is universally present in all cultures (Nelson, 2006). Leininger’s definition of caring for nursing is “the central and unifying domain for the body of knowledge and practices in nursing’ It is critical to human growth, development and survival and has helped human beings through cultural evolution” (Cohen, 1991). Leininger’s transcultural theory of nursing her assumption human caring is a universal expression. However, patterns vary among different cultures. Caring has multiple dimensions of biophysical, psychological, cultural...
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...Research Database YOU SEARCHED : Affordable Care Act research topics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [...] Universal Health Care, A Moral Duty This 11 page research paper offers a current overview of the issues associated with the topic of universal healthcare provision and the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Universal health care as a moral and ethical duty is stressed. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Minimum Wage, Healthcare Reform A 3 page research paper that covers two topics. The first half of the paper presents the history of the federally mandated minimum wage, and the second half discusses the Supreme Court's announcement that it will rule on the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act's required mandate for all Americans to purchase health insurance. Bibliography lists 2 sources. ESRD in NC, Access to Care for Underprivileged A 4 page research paper that examines the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and how it impacts care for underprivileged patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Bibliography lists 2 sources. Health Care Changes Resulting from the PPACA In a paper of ten pages, the author writes about the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The author of this paper considers four changes within health care as a result of the act including changes of private insurance, changes for the state regulations, the individual mandate provision, also age related coverage and preexisting conditions. There are three sources cited...
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...Nursing has been struggling to be recognized as an academic discipline ever since the 1960s, when the American Nurses Association published a position paper that supported baccalaureate education as the entry level to practice (McCance & McKenna 1999). Previously, most nursing education took place in hospital schools (diploma programs), and the profession was very much under the control of medicine. Now, there's a lot to be said in favor of diploma programs, mostly the fact that diploma graduates usually have much more clinical experience, and are therefore more technically skilled than other entry-level graduates. However, the biggest disadvantage of these schools was that they did not teach nursing theory. Florence Nightengale was incorporated somewhat but the majority of the curricula were medically based. Nurses depended heavily on physiology, sociology, psychology, and medicine to provide academic standing and to inform practice (McEwan and Mills 2014). Some of the nursing classes were taught by the physicians, namely physiology and pathophysiology, and anatomy. Therefore, nurses were taught and trained to be the handmaidens of the physicians. In many circumstances, they were taught precisely what their doctors wanted, and how to anticipate and execute their doctors’ orders. They were also taught how to care for their doctors' patients. The regulatory and professional organizations in nursing education have required that critical thinking be essential to all nursing...
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...Two of the major theories of nursing have been published by Jean Watson and by John Paley, who each have taken markedly distinct approaches to conceptualizing nursing care in a theoretical construct. This paper will provide a discussion of Jean Watson’s background, including educational preparation and process of developing her Care Theory as well as her career high points, discussion of Jean’s Watson’s Care Theory, including major points, discussion of John Paley’s background, including education preparation and his career high points, brief discussion of Friedich Nietzsche, specifically his major philosophical beliefs, compare Jean Watson’s Care Theory with the ideas presented in John Paley’s article, and contrast Jean Watson’s Care Theory with the ideas presented in John Paley’s article . Jean Watson, who hails from West Virginia, was educated at the University of Colorado where she earned a baccalaureate degree in nursing, 1964. She also earned her master’s degree in psychiatric-mental health nursing, and her doctorate in educational psychology and counseling at University of Colorado. While serving as dean of University of Colorado School of Nursing, she was instrumental in the development of a post baccalaureate nursing curriculum in human caring that would lead to a career professional clinical. She was appointed Distinguished Professor of Nursing and endowed Chair in Caring Science at the same university. Watson has published numerous books describing her philosophy...
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...WATSON’S CARING THEORY NR 501 Teresa Acosta Chamberlain College of Nursing IMPRORTANCE OF THEORY: Jean Watson’s Caring Theory Currently, healthcare systems all over the world are experiencing some sort of reorganization at the administration level. Things are changing, practice and healthcare policy continue to transform at a rapid rate. Nursing theory has worked to provide stability and rationality to the ever changing field of nursing. The profession of nursing, just like any other profession, must work to prove the legitimacy of its practice which is accomplished through the confines of theory (McCrae, 2012). According to Alligood (2014), nursing theory not only fosters the development of nursing education and literature but also assists in practice advancement. This is important for laying a foundation and progressing in the field of nursing and helps to provide the basic knowledge for nursing care that involves “caring”. With all the change and uncertainty in healthcare, human caring has the potential to become a lost cause (Cara, 2003). Caring should be a central theme in nursing and the foundation of all nursing care (Watson, 2009). The goal of this paper is to explore and summarize the central ideas of Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring and to apply her theory to current practice and show its relevance to nursing education...
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...Jean Watson’s Caring Theory Nurses’ responsibilities to their patients are continually changing with the times. Jean Watson formed the “caring theory” to convey the significance and emphasize nursing as a diverse health profession. Using the Jean Watson’s caring theory enables nurses to maintain their perspective on caring for patients when overwhelmed with increased acuity, responsibility and workload. With the increase of patients and their needs, nurses often replace the caring attitude with an attitude of arrogance and hurried tasks, leaving patients and family members with belief that nurses believe they are here just to perform a job. By applying the Watson caring theory in caring for patients, “it allows nurses to practice the art of caring, to provide compassion to ease patients’ and families’ suffering, and to promote their healing and dignity but it can also contribute to expand the nurse’s own actualization” (Cara, 2003, p 2). Watson believes it is crucial that nurses apply caring values to their practice because it is essentially a byproduct in discovering the meaning of the nursing profession (Theory of Human Caring, n.d.). The foundation of this paper is to expound on the caring theory Jean Watson designed “to bring meaning and focus to nursing as a distinct health profession” (Cara, 2003, p 2). Description of the Theorist In the 1940’s, Jean Watson was born in West Virginia in a small town in the Appalachian Mountains. In 1961, graduated from the Lewis Gale...
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...Article Critique of Caring and Technology in an Intensive Care Unit Article Critique of Caring and Technology in an Intensive Care Unit The growing presence of technology in healthcare has changed the way critical care is delivered to patients. Although caring has been synonymous with nursing in the past, the integration of technology in critical care units has somewhat altered these views. The increased dependence on technology has spawned debates directed at the ethical and economical aspects of nursing care. One of the biggest concerns is the appropriateness and cost of new technology used to treat and monitor patients. While studies have shown technology can certainly improve the quality of care, increased utilization of technology in healthcare could also lead to dehumanizing patients. Understanding the effects this phenomenon has on patient care therefore requires an examination of the most current research available. Research Question: What aspects are considered to be troublesome to registered health care professionals’ ability to deliver care services to their patients by the use of technology especially in the critical care unit? The authors of the article have formulated a research question that is aimed at identifying the effect of technology. This is in a bid to come up with a model that is aimed at enhancing medical care for the patients from not only the nurses but also all medical practitioners. It is sufficient in giving compounding results...
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...Annotated Bibliography Strickland, D. (1996, July). Applying Watson's Theory for Caring Among Elders. Gerontological Nursing, 22(2). This article was about the elderly living in a retirement center and how volunteers came in and did an experiment using Jean Watson’s theory of caring and also a format called the Laughing spirit listening circles. During this experiment they gathered 6 elderly women to share their stories of the past, just listening and caring about what they had to say. The experiment was a success with the women saying it felt good to have someone just listen to them. In this article they touched on Jean Watsons carative factors and how important it is to use them in a health setting even though it may be difficult as we are always focusing on medical asspects. Sitzman, K. (2002, May). Interbeing and mindfulness: A bridge to understanding Jean Watson's theory of human caring. Nursing Education Perspectives, 23(3), 118. This article is about Jean Watson’s theory of caring and how it compares to different ideas of wholism. It compares the Zen method and Thich Naht Hanh’s concept of interbeing. All 0f the ideas are about focusing on a person as a whole and how we as nurses need to treat our patients with care and respect. The article also talks about how we can teach nursing students the idea behind caring and treating patients as a whole. Caruso, E., Cisar, N., & Pipe, T. (2008, April). Creating a Healing Environment:...
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...Concept in Nursing Theoretical Foundations of Advanced Nursing Care Concept in Nursing Caring is a wide and assorted theory that can be defined in a number of ways. Caring is the practice by which nurses in a medical institution react to patients as exceptional people and make out their needs and feeling as they settle them. A large number of people consider caring as one of imperative aspects of nursing, to be precise, caring is a requisite component of nursing. Therefore, understanding the diverse concept is just like comprehending all that takes place in the nursing profession. Simply put, the concept of caring is a vital component of the nursing profession. Literature Review The concept of analysis is based on the empirical linguistics, but the most important issue is that, the nursing practice theories have their basis on the concept of analysis. Regardless of the wide variety of methodological strategies employed in the field of nursing, medical experts collectively concur that caring is not a retiring component that is correctly measured. Daly, Speedy, & Jackson (2009) states that Fealy argues that caring does not form the series of activities, but it forms the ways of taking actions that depend on the framework and is clear on the values. Leininger argues that caring is the most essential and critical ingredient to any curative process. Leininger, further dismisses the prospects of the responsibility to encourage nurses to get this concept of caring. Alternatively...
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...Concept of Care from a Nursing Perspective Student’s Name Institution’s Name Concept of Care from a Nursing Perspective Care is a universal concept that applies primarily to health. From time immemorial, women have been considered as the primary caregivers in family units. Women always have been responsible for the well-being of the family and the community. If a member of the family or the community fell ill, the women were the only ones tasked with the responsibility of caring for this individual until he/she got better. This narrow definition of care has expanded over the years and has been inculcated fully into the medical profession. Care and nursing have become so intertwined up to the point that they can be considered synonymous. Currently, nurses are the care-givers to patients in hospitals and homes for the elderly. As a critical element in nursing, it is essential that the concept of caring is thoroughly analyzed. The subject cannot be taken as a small matter as it has a crucial impact on the process and outcomes of nursing. The purpose of nursing is to render health services that will ensure that the patients get better and are able to continue with their lives. Care is essential in ensuring that this purpose of nursing is met in the hospital, health center or home. Concept and Purpose The concept under study in this paper is care. This paper seeks to investigate the concept of care from a nursing perspective to determine...
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...Philosophy of Nursing Auburn University School of Nursing Abstract: This paper explores the personal nursing philosophy I plan to convey in my nursing career. I believe the nature of nursing is rooted in commitment to public service and the undeniable desire to help those in need. Nursing is more than treating an illness; rather it is focused on delivering quality patient care that is individualized to the needs of each patient. My philosophy of nursing incorporates the knowledge of medicine while combining it with relational, compassionate caring that respects the dignity of each patient. I believe nursing care should be holistic while honoring patient values. A crucial aspect of nursing is interprofessional relationships, and collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals promote quality patient care. My philosophy of nursing extends to my community in which health promotion is something I will continually strive for. Personal Philosophy of Nursing For as long as I can remember I have been overwhelmed with a longing desire to care for those in need, and I feel this ultimately led me to the career choice of nursing. I feel most fulfilled when I am serving and caring for others, and my personal nursing attitude is one that is centered on compassion and service. According to Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary (2012), a philosophy is “an analysis of the grounds of and concepts expressing fundamental beliefs,” and before entering to the profession of nursing, it is important...
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...Caring for Inmate-Patients: A Review of the Literature Caring for Inmate-Patients In 2010, approximately one in every 27 adults (2.8 million) in the United States was behind bars according to a report from the National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC), 2012. Maintaining a safe and secure environment is the most important mission of correctional facilities - not healthcare. Correctional nurses are challenged to provide inmate healthcare services in a caring relationship that promotes wellness, restores health, and facilitates healing. A great deal has been written by nursing theorists regarding a caring attitude, and that it is fundamental to the nurse’s role. No other health care setting presents such limitations to nurses’ free expression of caring. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a review of the literature on how nurses balance the culture of security and the culture of care while delivering health care to inmate-patients in a correctional setting. Analysis It is well documented in the nursing literature that nursing care for prisoners is both complicated and conflicting. These findings clearly stated that the experiences of caring for inmate-patients vary greatly from that of any other health care setting. Both the infrastructure of a prison coupled with its restrictive security element, directly affects how the health care of inmate-patients is delivered. This is in direct correlation with the findings of Mathis & Schoenly, 2008; Muse...
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