...Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a mental disorder with “essential features of recurrent obsessions of compulsions that are severe enough to be time consuming or cause marked distress or significant impairment.” Even though this disorder has been mentioned since the seventeenth century many aspects of its origin are still unknown. Affecting around one percent of the United States population, OCD is shown to be equally common between males and females. Yet, the age of onset is generally earlier in males. Health professionals are still trying to figure out what factors are responsible but commonly look for three things when...
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...exposed to millions of advertisements each and every second while at home, on the road, Body I. II. The major types of OCD’s are: A. Contamination obsessions related to washing/cleaning compulsions. B. Harm obsessions with checking compulsions. C. Obsessions without visible compulsions or so-called “pure obsessions” are yet another type. D. Symmetry obsessions related to ordering, arranging and counting compulsions. E. Compulsive hoarding is the acquisition of possessions in excess of socially normative amounts. III. The symptoms of OCD’s are: F. Some obsessions are not due to medical illness or drug use. G. Obsessions cause major distress or interfere with everyday life. H. The person usually recognizes that the behavior is excessive or unreasonable. IV. There are three ways to diagnose obsessive compulsive behavior. I. Own description of the behavior can diagnose the disorder J. Questionnaires, such as the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), can help diagnose OCD and track the progress of treatment. V. OCD can be treated by using either medications or therapy K. Medications 1. The first medication usually considered is a type of antidepressant called a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). 2. Tricyclic antidepressant is the oldest medication for OCD that usually works better than SSRI antidepressants in treating the condition, but it can have...
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...Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a type of anxiety disorder in which you have awkward thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead you to repetitive behaviors (compulsions). An example of an obsessive-compulsive disorder would be a fear of getting contaminated by germs. To ease your obsessive fear, you may compulsively wash your hands until they're sore. Despite your efforts, the distressing thoughts of obsessive-compulsive disorder keep coming back. (Greenberg) Obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms include both obsessions and compulsions. OCD obsessions are repeated ideas, thoughts, images or impulses that occur spontaneously and seem to make no sense. These obsessions tend to occur when you're trying to think of or do other things....
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) affects children and adults by interfering with a person’s routine, schoolwork, job, family and social life. This disorder can be very detrimental to an individual and even their family members. People with this disorder are sometimes stuck in infinite cycles of repetitive behavior. They may have reoccurring thoughts of fear and obsessions that they are unable to control. Most of the time these behaviors and obsessions end up controlling the individual. This may cause them to feel helpless and even anxious. It gets in the way of their normal, everyday life. There are several categories of OCD. Some of these include washers and cleaners, checkers, doubters and sinners, counters and arrangers, and hoarders....
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...Lisa Stoltey January 13, 2013 Obsessive-compulsion disorder HCA/240 Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts; feelings, ideas, sensations or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something. People that suffer from OCD are often entirely consumed by these compulsions that it can be difficult to function normally on a regular basis. There are many facts, myths, and beliefs about how OCD works, came about, treated and coped with. The history of when OCD was first noticed is not set in stone but it is believed that the first belief was around the European Renaissance about 14th to 16th centuries. “One belief that began to be abandoned was the superstitious notion that mental illnesses were caused by the devil, demons, or supernatural forces.” ("Short history of," 2009) Compulsions brought on by OCD were called scrupulosity. Sufferers of OCD where mainly treated in the clergy. By the 1700’s the clergy were deferring to physicians to help people suffering from OCD. There were not very many treatments at this time and had to use the tools they did have to try and help the compulsions. The first treatment reported was bloodletting or a phlebotomy. This is when the doctor would drain blood from the sufferer in a effort to adjust the bodily “humors”("Short history of," 2009)In the 1700’s they did not know how to treat OCD as a whole but focused on the compulsion instead. For example, one woman reported having...
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...Obsessive - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents A Review of Literature Galaunda J. Pee Professor Shirley McClerklin - Motley “Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV TR)” Coker College, Hartsville South Carolina Abstract Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder or OCD, is a medical disorder that causes repetitive, unpleasant thoughts (obsessions) or behaviors (compulsions) that are difficult to control (Stewart et al.2007). Unlike ordinary worries or habits, these obsessions and compulsions may consume significant amounts of time, more than an hour per day, may interfere with a person’s daily schedule. OCD may cause significant distress, and affects approximately one percent of children and adolescents. It was once considered a rare condition, but is now viewed as not only one of the more prevalent psychiatric disorders, but also one the most disabling medical disorders. Obsessive-compulsive disorder has a significant impact on humans and social functioning, quality of life, family, Relationships socio-economic status. Think of OCD as an “overactive alarm system.” Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), is a debilitation neuropsychiatry disorder with a lifetime prevalence of two to three percent and is estimated to be the tenth leading cause of disability in the world (Abramowitz, J.S. (2006)...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: The Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments Theresa Ensign Burlington County College ABSTRACT Obsessive Compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental illness that effects nearly 5 million Americans, and half a million children. OCD is a disease that many people know of, but few people know about. Many people associate repeated washing of hands, or flicking of switches, and even cleanliness with OCD. However there are many more symptoms, and there are also explanations for those symptoms. In this paper, I will describe what obsessive compulsive disorder is, explain some of the effects of it, and some of the treatments to control it. OCD is a disease that fills the brain with unwanted ideas and worries. It is a disease that effects the cerebral frontal cortex and can start developing as early as age five. It affects both males and females, but males start to show signs of OCD at an earlier age, between the ages of six and fifteen, while in females, it tends to occur later. It is an illness that knows no barriers affecting two to three percent of the U.S. population in any income bracket, of any race, gender, or ethnic group and in any occupation. OCD is characterized by either obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate and cause marked stress or anxiety. Compulsions are defined as repetitive behaviors, such as handwashing, or mental acts, such as counting or checking...
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...Amodei Annamaria PSY 206 Prof. T. Walter Psychological Paper REPORT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION DISCLAMER: The case that follows is fictional and was developed for educational purposes. Any resemblance in actions, events, or persons discussed herein to actual actions, events or persons is merely coincidental. NAME: Michael Jackson AGE: 50 DATE: May 25, 2009 PRESENTING INFORMATION AND REASON FOR REFERRAL: Michael Jackson is a 50 year-old African-American male who under the advice of his family and friends, has agreed to seek voluntary counsel for on going issues related to an illness known as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Michael does not openly admit that he suffers from BDD, even though in the past 25 years he has gone through multiple cosmetic surgical procedures. Michael stated “I thought I was ugly - my skin was too dark, and I decided that my nose was too wide. It was no help that my insensitive father and brothers called me 'Big Nose”. ( J. Randy Taraborrelli, 2008). Michael Jackson was referred to me for a diagnostic evaluation. HISTORY OF PRESENTING PROBLEM AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Based on my clinical interview with the patient, from a very young age, he grew up in the spotlight, and as his career progressed his insecurities about his body have become increasingly apparent. At the age of 21, Michael had his first rhinoplasty after breaking his nose, he quickly followed this with two more, citing “ the surgery had not been...
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...Emily Hart Nova Southeastern University Abstract Scrupulosity is a form of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and it involves religious and moral obsessions, as well as mental and behavioral compulsions. Some symptoms may include obsessions such as, fears that one has lost touch with God or fears that prayers are said incorrectly. Compulsions that are preformed excessively related to Scrupulosity include, continually asking for God’s forgiveness or saying prayers a specific number of times. Causes of Scrupulosity OCD may derive from exposure to a specific environment or based on one’s genetic predisposition, however the definitive root of Scrupulosity is undefined. Two popular treatments for Scrupulosity involve Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Exposure and Responses Prevention (ERP). Another form of Scrupulosity OCD is moral scrupulosity and this is based on negative and intrusive thoughts surrounding a person’s moral character. This literature review will also go further into discussing two specific articles on the treatment of Scrupulosity OCD. Outline * Define scrupulosity OCD * Discuss why it is a form of OCD * Discuss how it differs to a strong religious faith * Symptoms of scrupulosity OCD * Causes of scrupulosity OCD * Discuss common obsessive mental thoughts and behaviors * Eg. Repetitive thoughts about having committed a sin * Discuss common compulsive mental thoughts and behaviors * Eg. Excessive praying (emphasizing perfection...
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...Abstract Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, OCD, is an anxiety disorder that causes unwanted and intrusive thoughts or feelings that cause an individual to feel driven to do something. OCD affects one in every 50 individuals in the United States. Often times, OCD begins in childhood or adolescence and if untreated, will continue into adulthood. This research paper will address the symptoms of OCD and the current counseling techniques used to treat it. Keywords: obsessive compulsive disorder, rituals, obsession, exposure and response prevention, compulsions, obsessions Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, OCD, is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Individuals with OCD are often plagued by persistent, unwelcome thoughts or images, or by the urgent need to engage in certain rituals. Patients with OCD usually recognize the fact that their obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors are extreme or illogical, but this awareness does not help control their symptoms. An equal number of men and women are diagnosed with OCD, however, men tend to develop it earlier than women. Clients with OCD tend to suffer in many areas of their lives because so much of their time and energy is spent doing their rituals. For more than 7 out of 10 patients, the disorder severely impairs their family relationships, and 6 out of 10 have impaired friendships because of their OCD. Nearly 60 percent...
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...Intro: Why am I here Medical Aspect of TS: Connect with audience- question: Who knows what Tourette’s is? personalize Brief description of TS and symptoms Mild to severe Description of causes TS and genetics Include studies Methods of diagnosis Related disorders OCD ADHD * Social Aspect of TS: Challenges TS cause Reality and perception of TS Why do people with TS use slurs? TS and making friends Living successful with TS Not curable, just treatable Natural remission Cases of famous people with TS Conclusion: Reiterate the challenges and underline the resolutions to TS TS can be overcome Hello, my name is Ramon. Today, I will be speaking about Tourette Syndrome or TS, for short. * Before I start going into this, how many of you know or have an idea of what TS is? Raise your hand if you do. For those of you who don’t know what it is, TS is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary motor and/or vocal tics such as eye blinking, throat clearing, sniffing, or even head jerking. * On a side note, if any of you notice me doing any of the mentioned tics, it’s because I myself am diagnosed with TS ever I was 12. Both types of TS often range from mild to severe. Studies show that TS is inherited only 50% of the time. The gene is carried by the parent, but that doesn’t mean that the parent has it as well. Most often, the TS gene skips a generation. * This means that anyone who has TS may have received it due to his/her grandparents...
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...Psychological Disorder Paper Erica Vazquez PSY 450 University of Phoenix Abstract This paper will examine the psychological disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and the relationship it has between human development and socialization as well as how human development and socialization affect people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Psychological Disorder Paper The U.S. National Library of Medicine describes Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as, “ an anxiety disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).” Essentially, the obsessions are the spontaneous and tedious contemplations, while the compulsions are the actions that result from the disorder. Even though OCD is exhibited as recurrent and persistent thoughts and impulses, would it be just to consider every type of compulsive behavior or obsessive thought as OCD? (Shiraev &Levy, 2010) According to Shiraev & Levy, “ Specific repetitive behavior – praying, for example –– should be judged in accordance with the norms of the individual’s culture and should clearly interfere with social role functioning to be diagnosed as OCD (DSM-IV, P. 420) “ (2010, p. 231). With this in mind a more concrete explanation of the relationship between OCD and human development and socialization. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) OCD affects...
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...symptoms develop: An appearance or mood that shows no emotion (flat affect)Bizarre motor behavior in which there is less reaction to the environment (catatonic behavior)False beliefs or thoughts that have nothing to do with reality (delusions[->2])Hearing, seeing, or feeling things that are not there (hallucinations[->3])Thoughts "jump" between unrelated topics (disordered thinking)”(Schizophrenia) 2. This movie is very lighthearted and seems to be more of a love story than a movie about disorders. I don’t think it showed a true aspect of schizophrenia, or maybe just a watered down version of it. Joon’s outburst at the end of the movie seemed to be the most realistic version of the disorder. Joon is portrayed as pretty much normal except for her quirky ways and the unusual things she does. She acts like a child and is very unpredictable. 3. No, it seemed very unrealistic, almost watered down. A good story but more about their lives than the true illness. 4. Obsessive Compulsive disorder. Joon has this need to do things over and over. She has a whole bunch of rituals that need to be done or she freaks out. 5. The basic premise of the movie is Benny and Joon trying to live their lives while taking care of each other. Benny has to learn to let Joon make it on her own, he has to learn to let her go. Joon has to learn to be responsible for her actions. Sam is thrust into this situation and watches these lives move forward. Sam helps Benny and Joon see where they are going wrong...
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...gives a ticket to a man for littering, "PAPUR ON GRASS" but he also gives one to another man who almost walked across the street when the sign said 'DON'T WALK'. His want for control must have stemmed from the bad upbringing he received from his single mother. Having only one parent that "[lies] on the sofa, smoking, drinking, surrounded by TV magazines"(81) all day, Toby does not have parental figure to look up to. He is not able to control his mother therefore he has his tickets. Although Toby writes tickets for his mother, he never gives them to her but keeps them in a box labelled "MUTHERS TICKITS". Having no control with his mother, Toby needs to give tickets to the people in his town. This could possibly be a case of OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder). It seems that the only thing Toby does all day is to give tickets to people that do not do things properly in his eyes. But the tickets are not the only proof of OCD. The way the author describes how Toby walks and holds himself is another reason. "He snapped the cover on his Pilot Razor Point, slipped the pen over his ear, put the pad of yellow papers in his jacket pocket" (80). He walks with his chin held high; his movements are precise and thought out, another thing Toby can control. The biggest symbol in this story and Toby's most prized possession are his white sneakers. All throughout the story Toby makes sure his shoes stay...
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...Application to Psychology: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Se'Sees Holmes PSY/480 November 3, 2014 Chantell Scott Application to Psychology: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Clinical Psychologist’s must tackle a huge number of mental disorders. They can range from anything being Obsessive Compulsive Disorder to Schizophrenia. To fully comprehend the application of clinical psychology in the real-world environment one must fully understand the realm of psychology and all that goes with it. Here I will provide an overview of my chosen disorder being Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. I will then discuss the biological, psychological and social factors that are involved in my case. I will then explain which interventions would be appropriate in the field of psychology and then for each intervention we will discuss the rationale for the selected intervention, what would take place, who would be involved in the intervention, where the intervention would be held and lastly which area the intervention would target either biological, psychological or social. Overview My case involves Bess; she is a 27 year old female stemming from the upper middle class. Bess is an accountant as well as a perfectionist, which in her field is completely normal. When Bess was the young age of 10, her parents divorced and Bess remained in her mother’s custody. The two spent a great deal of time together. Her mother would often express her love for Bess and from there it would turn into a fight. The fights...
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