...December 16, 2013 Senses: its effect on recalling information Memory is the power or process of reproducing or recalling what has been learned and retained especially through associative mechanisms. It is the store of things learned and retained from an organism’s activity or experience as evidenced by modification of structure or behavior or by recall and recognition (Merriam-Webster, 2012). Senses enable us to see, smell, hear and etc. but people usually rely on their eyesight and hearing to remember or recall things. People did not recognize the full potential of our memory, that the other senses also help us to remember and recall things for example of it is the sense of smell which is least recognized. We know the odor of a burning lumber because it is stored in our memory when we encounter it in the past like in cooking so when we smell a burning lumber in our home and we know that our home is made of lumber and none of the members of our family is cooking, we automatically think that our home might be in the process of burning. The sense of smell is a model for the so-called physical sensors used for detecting chemicals in the atmosphere. Like a sound, an odor will intrude upon conscious awareness and affect it as long as the odor is there. The sense of smell constantly and automatically monitors the environment for odors. This monitoring is usually automatic, it is apparent in common experience, to detect odors even when attention is engaged in other ongoing tasks (Getchell...
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...Technical Explanation: I Smell Memories… Purpose: To inform my audience about the connection of smells to memories. Audience Analysis: This process is difficult to this particular group of students because most of this class consist of business majors so most likely the highest biology class they have completed is BIO 1101. This information, which I will present in a cause/effect structure, is complex and involves critical thinking. Introduction I. “Six years ago, on an early morning in September, Molly Birnbaum was out for her regular jog when she was hit by a car. Her pelvis was shattered, her skull fractured, her knee torn. Yet for her, the most serious damage was far less visible: she lost her sense of smell. Birnbaum, now 29, was an aspiring chef, and the loss meant the end of her career. It also meant something else, something that was potentially even more life-changing. "I felt like I lost a dimension of my memory," she says. "It made me worried about the future. If I couldn't smell ever again, was I losing this important layer”? (Konnikova) A. This was a story told by Maria Konnikova. B. She is a contributing writer for The New Yorker with a Ph.D. in Psychology from Columbia University told this story in an article called, “Smells like Old Times”. II. After reading this article I started thinking about how certain smells trigger different memories. A. Like how the smell of Beautiful, a perfume by Estee Lauder, reminds me of my great grandma’s house and her...
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...M., & Beauchamp, G. K.) (1994), Chemical senses. Examples would consist of salt and vinegar potato chips, sweet and sour chicken, and other different combinations. Taste buds that are located on the tongue are called receptors, there are thousands of tiny bumps (taste buds) all around the tongue that are called papillae. Within each papilla there are many taste buds and information is conveyed by nerves, then to the thalamus and finally to the area of the cortex. “For smell, in humans the olfactory receptors work together to detect different types of smells, there are over 400 types of different sensors in the receptors of the olfactory,” (Monell chemical senses center; extensive variability in olfactory receptors influences human odor perception. (2013). The stimuli chemical substances are in the atmosphere, which as in a result the olfactory receptors are simulated by these substances. The receptors are located in the upper portions of the nasal passages. The olfactory nerve is formed when neurons bundle up together by the receptors. At the base of the brain the nerve travels to the olfactory bulb. How do smell and taste affect each other? When you think of smell and taste it goes hand and hand. When smelling a pleasant smell such as food it can stimulate the mind to want that particular food that a person is smelling and of course decide to eat that food that was just...
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...Chemical Senses Paper Psy/345 May 23. 2016 Chemical Senses Paper The Chemical senses, taste and smell, both provide information that can be determine survival. Taste will let us know whether or not we should eat something, based on the taste. Tastes are classified in five categories: sour, salty, bitter, unami, and sweet. these tastes are experienced through taste buds on the tongue. In the nose, when something is sniffed, molecules travel through the nose, and some activate responders on the olfactory epithelium. Olfaction, or the system of smelling, provides us with an alert system to dangerous odors, cues to orient ourselves, mark territory, a guide to specific places, animals, food, and in sexual reproduction for many species (pheromones). Our olfactory epithelium can be activated in as many as 10-100,000 different patterns, to recognize different odors. (Biswas, 2014) If we could not smell our test would be blander. Taste, or the perception of flavor, is a result of the stimulation of receptors on the tongue and olfaction. Taste occurs when the chemicals of a food or beverage pass over the receptors of the tongue. At the same time, these chemicals release other chemicals that travel through the retronasal route to the nasal pharynx to the olfactory mucosa. The importance of olfaction in flavor is usually ignored, until someone loses the ability. The unawareness that flavor occurs in the nasal passages as well is an illusion that is created by oral capture. There...
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...Chemical Senses Paper It’s interesting to find out that the things we eat and drink are more so identified by our senses of sight and smell and not just taste. This is because food can be identified by just sight alone, and same thing goes for smell as well! Our brains actually view taste as a combination of the senses smell and touch at the same time. So really all sensory information is gathered from the actual substance we a consuming. The way we get this information through sent is located in the back of our mouths and called the “retronasal olfaction. The way we gather this similar same information through smell is located in the nose and called the “orthonasal olfaction”. These methods both influence the perception of flavor, so in this smell influences taste and taste influences smell! Taste and smell are classified under a chemical sensing system called “chemosensation”. The whole entire process of smelling and tasting starts when molecules, which are released from all of the many substances around us, stimulate special nerve cells in the nose and the mouth. These cells transmit messages to the brain, where specific smells or tastes are identified. Our body’s ability to sense chemicals is actually another chemosensory mechanism that contributes to our senses of smell and taste. In this system there are thousands of free nerve endings which are mainly located on the moist surfaces of the eyes, nose, mouth, and throat to identify different sensations. Taste and smell...
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...Mary Karr’s poem “Still Memory” is a childhood dream that Karr vividly walks her readers through. Through each stanza Karr is taking her readers through a new snapshot of her old life. Karr does this in small glimpses due to her fear of one day not remembering. In her poem Karr sways back and forth between the whimsicality of a dream and the vivid remembrance of her childhood. The content of the active poem contradicts its title “Still Memory” by displaying sudden changes of time, the human senses and the breakdown of what Mary’s household looked like before death came over her family all through a nostalgic tone. Through the first 4 stanzas of Mary Karr’s poem “Still Memory” one is given a feeling of what mornings were like at her house through...
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...people close to me also noticed this, and I never know why, until reading more about this issue and how it affect other people as well and why it happens. This article conducted of a conditioning experience that featured a Drosophila melanogaster also known as a fruit flies. Conducting this experience it revealed that the cause underlying forgetting is an active process which is modulate by the learning task and not by internal constraints of memory system. This fly has been the favorite organism for biological research, initially in the field of genetics and now for the fundamental problems in biology freedom the fields of ecology and neurobiology. This was done by taking a group of fruit flies and placing them into a tube for conditioning, of course. This group was exposed to a specific odor and the exposer was paired with an reinforcer of sugar or electrical shock. Then they are removed from the conditioning tube and placed into the second, elongated tube for assessment. One side of the tube is baited with the conditioning odor and after some time passes, the fraction of flies are determined which exhibit the conditioning response by comparing the number of flies which are closer to...
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...with memory techniques would be an awesome talent, but unfortunately for me that’s not the case. There are ways to increase your memory skills. Sensory memory holds information from one second to two seconds, almost at glancing over to your right when riding a bicycle going at top speed being able to remember what you saw when you had glance to your right. Short term memory is the ability to remember seven items from five to nine items in a period of thirty seconds. Being able to later on store memory in your long-term memory. It takes practice to store information in your long-term memory you start by practicing repetition until information is learn and never forgotten. Long-term memory has a unlimited storage capacity, you are able to store permanent memories as well as images, sounds and odors. There are three types to process memory. One of them is encoding, transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory. Second, storage is maintaining information in your memory. Finally, retrieval, which storing material into your mind. A way I been using to improve my memory techniques is just repeat the same information over and over until store in my short-term memory. In Piaget’s stage of cognitive development, I consider myself to be in formal operation stage. Dealing with me that now I’m able to think logically on my own, and test real life situations for adapt to new situations. During middle school, one of my friends had lit up a stick bomb causing a bad odor to...
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...because they not only make your home smell better, but they can also end up improving your overall well-being. For instance, using a homemade air freshener with sage, lime and lavender will not only make your home smell light and airy but also calm the senses, particularly after a stressful time. Carpet deodorizers created from essential oil recipes are often mixed with baking soda to absorb the essential oils and prevent staining as many types of oils tend to do if you are not careful. Baking soda is a natural deodorizer but adding essential oils makes the carpet smell fresh and clean as well as kills certain germs causing the original odor you are trying to banish. Essential oil recipes are...
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...Chemical Senses Julie Harris PSY/345 September 28, 2015 Adam Casteberry Chemical Senses Chemical sensory is the process by which the body experiences the world through the sense of smell and taste. The process the brain uses to perceive the smells and tastes that are introduced to it is through an electrical mapping of electrical impulses similar to the sense of touch, sight, or sound. Each sense is individual but through the interaction of each a more whole picture is produced that the brain stores as a memory. Most adults have their memories peppered with the smells and tastes that helped create those memories whether it was the first time a person was asked to be married, or the first time a person faced death, each experience is marked by a distinct taste or smell that will call up the memory and shape the person who holds it. The process of chemical sensory is conducted mainly through the nose and mouth through a bombardment of sensations is experienced throughout each day. Once considered separate from each other as either the nose or mouth people have become aware of the connection between the two senses as being tied irrevocably to each other. Chemicals in foods are detected by pallia that we have labeled taste buds, small structures in the mouth that are embed in the tongue, the back of the mouth, and the palate (Society for Neuroscience, 2012). Each person has a range of 5,000 to 10,000 taste buds that consist of 50 to 10 sensory cells that are stimulated...
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...Mr. Parsons is seemingly active and helpful, Winston describes him as a, “…fattish but active man of paralyzing stupidity, a mass of imbecile enthusiasm...” Winston also makes it apparent that Tom is not very bright as he states he was employed for a job in which, “…Intelligence was not required...” Physically, we learn that Tom is a hefty man with body odor. Tom is hard working as Winston infers his odor comes from, “…the strenuousness of his life…” From what we learn about Tom, we can infer he has a diligent personality. Tom is described as an active member in his committee and we learn that he was, “…a leading figure on the Sports Committee,” that volunteered regularly. In the beginning of the novel, we get a physical description of...
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...woman, Edna, is crippled by the recollection of memories, be it good or bad, as she struggles to find peace somewhere out at sea. Life can bring many memories, yet to some these memories can drown them in an ocean of anguish and agony. The Gulf seduces her luring her with pleasant imagery and sweet memories from her past. Imagery such as “gleaming with the million lights of the sun” suggests infatuation that shows the ocean as a place of beauty and enticement, bringing her in. “Thinking of the blue-grass meadow that she traversed as a kid” is an example of the happy memories she brings to mind as she swims which satisfy her enough to keep going. Additionally, the ocean not only lures her through these...
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...met the back wall. “Just tell me what you want! I can hook you up with anything!” Aiden thought for a moment. “Anything?” The man swung his head back and forth with surprising vigor, given his current state. “Really – anything!” “Anyone?” The idiot still didn’t get it. His eyebrows arched and danced like a confused maggot. “I’m not in that business – but I have buddies who can set you up plenty!” He let out a pathetic chuckle that sounded more like a wheeze than anything pleasant. “How about…,” Aiden began as he firmly notched his weapon back into place, “Cody Cairo McDuff.” And then there it was – the realization; an emotional tidal wave beaching the vulgarity of countless past excursions, only leaving a single, forgotten memory still stranded in the stagnant pool of muddy...
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...Are Intelligence and Personality Stable Across Adulthood and Into Old Age? Kristin K. Lilienthal PSY101: Introduction to Psychology Instructor: Tiffani Edmunds Are Intelligence and Personality Stable Across Adulthood and Into Old Age? Before a child is born the process of learning begins. A child learns to react to the sound of its parent’s voice, music, and even his mother’s feelings, and a little personality starts to develop. Once a child is born every moment of its day becomes a learning experience as he or she uses his senses to explore the world. How someone learns, retains what is learned, and one’s personality is shaped by life experiences and the knowledge gained from those experiences. Although there may be some changes in cognitive skills and personality as a person moves from middle to late adulthood, the reason for the change is not based on physical age, the changes are the result of the experiences of the individual. As an individual ages there are some natural stages and changes they often go through. Adolescence and young adulthood is a time where an individual starts to explore their identity and lifestyle and assert their independence from the family unit. Individuals may often enter this period under a “cognitive apprenticeship.” A cognitive apprenticeship is “an instructional model wherein parents, siblings, other adults, and especially teachers serve as a combination of model, guide tutor, mentor, and coach to foster intellectual growth among...
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...term memoria as a metaphor of a storehouse of memory in which the images of events we have experienced in our pasts are stored, retrieved, and re-stored sometimes in new places, these memories make us who we are. Another strength is Augustine’s approach to memories, is that memories can now be relived and re-experienced this has been proved by neuroscientists who say that memories are physical and can reactivated, this is a major strength in Augustine’s reliability, making his approach much more credible. However Augustine’s approach to the storehouse of memory can be flawed as he doesn't have access to any kind of physical knowledge of the nervous system, so ideas such as the fact that remembered skills are partially attributed to muscle memory would never occur to...
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