...IRANIAN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS NAME: INSTITUTION: CHAPETR ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction This study’s rationale is based on the deductions from the available literature that there is a dire need to understand the Oil and gas industry competitiveness in Iran (Michael E. P. 1990). This study thus uses Porter’s model of competitive advantage of nations to analyze Iran’s oil and gas industry’s competitiveness in the global market. This study will also focus on the factors that affect the industry’s competitiveness. In the past decade, there has been a progressive increase in world oil demand due to increase in the global economic growth (Hooman 2000), (Narsi, 2001). With the global demand for energy projected to rise in the future coupled with the exponential reduction in oil reserve discovery from the majority of non-OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) countries, there is a significant demand for oil from OPEC countries, such as Iran. Moreover, unless there is a feasible alternative, the influence of Iran and other OPEC countries will be more prevalent. This, therefore, means that the energy sector in OPEC countries faces fierce competition (Fereidun 2016). Iran is the oldest oil-exporting country in the Persian Gulf region. With the continued discoveries of new oil fields, its current reserves have exceeded domestic consumption and exports. Being the founding member of the OPEC, Iran has also...
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...Westminster International College Module Title: Research Skills Programme: BABS Semester: Three Academic Year Period: June 2012 –September 2012 Lecturer: Dr. Kui Juan Tiang Date Given and Available on the Student Portal: 6 July 2012 Date of Presentation: Week Beginning 6 August 2012 Date of Completion and Submission: 15 August 2012 Submission Method: Online via Turn It In with one hard copy to the Examinations Department Assessment Type: An individual presentation and type-written assignment Student: Aliaskar Batyrbek Student ID: NE/WICKL/UWIC/BABS/1011/0117 Assignment Topic: An investigation study of development of oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan Table of Contents 2 Introduction 4 2.1 Country Profile 4 2.2 History of industry 4 3 Research Objectives 5 4 Literature Review 6 4.1 Geographic Factor 6 4.1.1 Major Oilfields 8 4.1.2 Export Operating Pipelines 9 4.2 Government Policies 11 4.3 Financial Factor and R&D Factor 12 4.4 Market Prospects 14 4.4.1 Market players 14 4.4.2 Production 15 4.4.3 Consumption 16 5 Research Methodology 18 6 Time Scale / Gantt Chart 19 7 References 20 Figure 1 4 Figure 2 (KMG, 2012) 5 Figure 3 (BP, 2012) 5 Figure 4 (European Dialogue, 2012) 6 Figure 5 (BP, 2012) 6 Figure 6 (CIA, 2012) 8 Figure 7 (Centre for Global Energy Studies, 2012) 9 Figure 8 (Centre for Global Energy Studies, 2012) 9 Figure 9 (The Agency of Statistics of...
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...Research topic: Global Forces of Petroleum Consumption In Oil and Gas Industry The most feasible research topic to be carried out is global forces of petroleum consumption in oil and gas industry. Petroleum stated as one of the most important natural resources in the world that consumed as most diverse in human living. But it feels like the amount of oil that being produce in the current time as comes to its peak. There is the reason of nowadays-innovative technologies being invented to be the substitution of petroleum usage, but petroleum still playing an important role of objects production such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetic and plastic as the foundation of chemical reaction, which means petroleum is still remain the important position that irreplaceable of natural resources for our human living. Therefore, oil and gas industry companies are facing the hard time as in not just only facing the competitors within the field and also handling the threats from substitutions as well. The most appropriate framework to figure out the macro environmental influences and able to visibly the threats and opportunities from the external issue is PESTEL analysis by containing six aspects, which are political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal as in entire analysis. The most significant influence in political aspect is controlling hydrocarbon reserves by government. The government controls the oil reserves right to their national companies by excluding the other foreign...
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...The Impact of multinational companies A case study of the energy industry in Saudi Arabia Abstract Contents 1. Introduction 4 1.1. Rationale of the Research 6 1.2. Aims & Objectives of the Research 7 1.3. Key Research Questions 7 2. Literature Review 9 3. Research Methodology 13 4. Key Findings & Discussion 13 5. Conclusion 16 6. References 16 7. Appendices 16 1. Introduction In this era of globalization, there has been a fundamental change in the way international business is being done. Due to the ease of communication and advances in the sophisticated communication systems more and more companies are becoming global and expanding their operations and creating production facilities away from their home countries. This trend has given rise to today’s Multinational Corporations (MNCs) whose role in the international scene is increasing rapidly. With increased international development and cooperation, the MNCs have been able to create such a network that their budgets, organizational structure and influence on the world trade stage rivals many nations [ (UN Conference Proceedings, 2006) ]. With their immense economic power and strong political connections and the fact that globalization is seen as a “Business driving phenomenon”, MNCs are in a strong position to influence the economies of the countries...
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...Abbreviations GHG – Greenhouse Gas CO2 - Carbon dioxide CH4 - Methane N2O – Nitrogen oxide LNG- Liquefied Natural Gas Abbreviations GHG – Greenhouse Gas CO2 - Carbon dioxide CH4 - Methane N2O – Nitrogen oxide LNG- Liquefied Natural Gas Highlights * We model two major oil and gas companies. * We examine causes of Climate Change * Increase in further research may produce other alternative to exist source of energy * Combined efforts will help to meet carbon reduction target ABSTRACT Playing a major role in the world, the oil and gas industry is faced with the challenge of climate change. This paper establishes the fact that climate change troubles our planet today. In establishing this fact the paper examines the causes of climate change, the relationship between climate change and the oil and gas industry through CO2. It further evaluates the various methods available to reduce CO2 emissions and the challenges the companies have in implementing the methods. This paper uses two major oil companies as case studies, to establish the above stated facts and concludes that oil and gas companies need to be involved in more research and development of alternative supply of energy, in order reduce CO2 emissions, in collaboration with other sectors of the economy in achieving the targets made regarding climate change, environmental laws and policies. Keywords: CO2, Climate Change, Industry, Oil and Gas. 1. INTRODUCTION Climate change is a global...
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...SUBSIDIES TO OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY 6 Canada's Oil and Gas Industry's Lack of Initiative to Reduce GHG Emissions Supported by Government Subsidies CANADA'S PERVERSE SUBSIDIES TO OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY 6 The lack of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, as required in the Kyoto Protocol, by Canada's Oil and Gas industry can be blamed on the “perverse” subsidies provided by the Canadian government. According to the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP), in 2011, Canada is rated as “... the third largest producer of natural gas... and the seventh largest producer of crude oil in the world.” Since Canada's Oil and Gas industry is a major supplier in the world market, government subsidies that support the exploration of new methods of extracting resources as they become more inaccessible and scarce is justifiable; but according to Ecojustice (2010) Canada supplies billions in subsidies to the Oil and Gas industry annually while greenhouse gas emissions skyrocket. This violates the requirements set out in the Kyoto Protocol as well as affects Canada's reputation in the global marketplace as organizations such as the OECD question this government practice. The government of Canada supports a global-scale industry at the expense of its taxpayers; which given the amplitude of the industry, it is highly unnecessary for such a government policy to exist. Basic statistics provided by CAPP show that the oil reserve...
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...Earnings Management Study Oil & Gas Industry Abstract This study mainly focused on the earnings management in oil and gas industry and we used Jones model to detect discretionary accruals in the subject companies. Specifically, we examined three oil and gas sample companies that have been required to restate their financial reports due to the oil reserve overestimation. After running the regression and comparing statistics with other oil and gas companies, we found that the sample companies do revise oil reserves to manipulate the DDA expenses, thus achieving their goals of earnings management. Some recommended auditing guidance to detect such manipulation were given at the end. Introduction/Assumption Earnings management, in accounting, is the act of intentionally influencing the process of financial reporting to obtain some private gain. Earnings management involves the manipulation of company earnings towards a pre-determined target. This target can be motivated by a preference for more stable earnings, in which case management is said to be carrying out income smoothing. Management may also overstate the income for personal interests. Other possible motivations for earnings management include the need to maintain the levels of certain accounting ratios due to debt covenants, boost earnings to beat analyst targets, or intentionally understate the earnings to get rid of the...
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...Fracking Fracking is a process used by drilling companies to release gas or recover oil found under the ground below the shale rock. The process involves drilling horizontally into the ground using a high pressure mixture of water, sand, and chemicals. The goal of the drilling is to release the gas or oil located in pockets under the ground. This process is known as fracking because the drilling process causes the rocks under the ground to fracture. Fracking is the current method used to release gas and oil from under the ground but the process creates many concerns due to its danger to human life and the environment. The use of fracking to release natural gas from the earth has created major concern. Currently the gas and oil industry are on a hunt for natural gas and oil...
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...Energy Independence Cyrus Chiasson English 2000 Section 12 Research Proposal February 24, 2015 Abstract America has strived for energy independence since the 1970s. Until recently, this was viewed as an unattainable dream. Energy independence is defined as producing and supplying all the energy consumed by the citizens of the country. Although, America has a long way to go in order to achieve full energy independence, recent innovations have allowed America to progress significantly towards a more independent energy system. The most imperative of these innovations include a decrease in the amount of oil imported from foreign oil exporters and an increase of domestic shale oil discoveries throughout America. As technology continuously modernizes, the efficiency of American shale oil extractions increase. America is hypothesized to have the ability to supply all its own energy by 2030. If America continues to reduce their petrochemical consumption and reliance on foreign oil, this energy independent milestone will be an approaching, feasible possibility. In this presentation, I will illustrate the constant momentum toward energy independence and how achieving autonomy introduces a surplus of economical possibility that has neglected to exist in previous American history. Rationale The Unites States, along with every other country, would benefit from being as energy independent as possible from foreign oil exporters. Currently, the United States reliance on OPEC (Organization...
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...September 15, 2013 LRT Hydraulic Systems and Controls Marketing Plan 2.0 Situation Analysis The oil and gas market in Houston, TX and globally is strong based on the current rig count by Baker Hughes that posted 1,768 rotary rigs working in North America on September 13, 2013 (Pugliaresi & Snow, 2013, para. 1). This means that there is a great opportunity for a new hydraulic systems and controls company to enter the market place and capture a share of the business. The owners of LRT have over 80 years of combined experience designing and selling systems in the oil and gas market and have seen many short comings with the existing systems and competitors that cater to the oil and gas sector. While there are several large players and many smaller players that design and build hydraulic power units and controls, most of them have many short comings that cannot be ignored. The only problem is that no company has been able to set itself apart from the competition, so clients are forced to make do with the choices that they have because there are not many feasible options. It is important to understand that land and offshore rigs alike require hydraulic systems and controls to operate the many drilling functions that are required to drill for oil and gas. That being said the opportunities are significant and the timing could not be better to enter as a start-up company in the oil and gas market sector. 2.1 Market Summary The overall market for hydraulic power units and controls...
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...PROJECT PROPOSAL AND PLAN REGARDING OIL AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY IN THE U.K. Course Tutor University Date Aim The aim of this project proposal will be to respond to queries regarding oil as a source of energy. Also, the study shall seek to address on various factors that are associated with oil importation. Abstract The key intentions of the study are to concentrate on oil energy. Consequently, the study will also seek to respond to alternate queries related to the need to sustain oil energy. The study shall also attempt to demonstrate the importance of oil energy as well as challenges that do come with oil energy. Lastly, the project study plan will show on the project time frame along with the projected budget that will be used to carry out the research. Although a shallow clarification the study shall also explain more on this. Thus, the technique used in conducting the study will comprise of descriptive figures along with the use of questionnaires. Keywords GDP: gross domestic product U.N: United Nations. U.K: United Kingdom N.R: Nonrenewable energy Table...
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...Ellen Ossola January 21, 2015 Homework 1, PBHL 640 1. One of the top health-related violations found during OSHA inspections in the oil & gas industry is violations in hazard communication. One aspect of the Hazard Communication standard is safety data sheets (SDSs). Describe SDSs, including information content and employer responsibilities (<250 words, 10 points). OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard requires that information on chemical hazards be communicated to those exposed to a chemical. The information must come from the chemical manufacturer, distributor, or importer and the Safety Data Sheet presents consistent data on every chemical. The SDS contains 16 sections, some of which is required when completing and other sections...
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...Business Research Ethics When most people think of Ethics or Morals they think of rules that distinguish between right or wrong. Most people learn ethical norms at home, at school, in church, or in other social settings. Although most people acquire their sense of right and wrong during childhood, moral development occurs throughout life and human beings pass through different stages of growth as they mature. Ethical norms are so abundant that one might be tempted to regard them as simple commonsense. This report summarizes the activities of Human Rights and Ethics in the oil and gas industry. It highlights related efforts by the IPIECA (International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association) oil and gas member companies. The oil and gas industry operates in some of the most challenging places in the world and faces complex human rights related issues ethical and unethical both at home and abroad. While recognizing that individual governments bear the primary responsibility to promote respect for human rights ethically, all of society, including businesses such as oil and gas plays a role in human rights. (Human rights and Ethics in Oil and Gas industry, 2006) In this research unethical research practices that should be avoided are unethical treatment of any participants, deception and informed consent. Unethical treatment of participants would be not safeguarding the participant’s rights. When data is gathered in an experiment, interview or survey they have...
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...Procurement in Oil and Gas Industry in Developing Countries A Case of AGIP Nigeria Name Course Professor Date Abstract This is a thesis about procurement process in the oil and gas industry in Nigeria with specific stress on AGIP Nigerian AGIP Energy and Natural Resource.” The report starts with an introduction to the country Nigeria itself. It develops with the research on the oil and gas sector in the country and then focuses on the AGIP and its operations. Thus the first section comprises the Introduction, the background of the problem the research objectives, literature review regarding the procurement process and the company AGIP. The second section is about the research methodology, the data analysis and presentation of results leading to limitations and recommendations and a conclusion. A qualitative research design has been used to do the research. These research methods have been used by every researcher in a way or other and quality data has been accumulated to help these researchers to prove their viewpoint either statistically (quantitative) or by subjective analysis of earlier researches or direct observations of the subjects (qualitatively). The data sources used for the literature review for this study are primarily the secondary sources particularly from books, journals, articles published in various scientific periodicals and / or newspapers along with the information gathered from the internet itself using its websites. The study manoeuvres at two levels:...
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...The upstream petroleum (oil and gas) sector encompasses of exploration and appraisal, development and construction and production. For natural gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG), the definition of upstream includes processing and delivery to terminals or to the intakes of domestic gas transmission pipelines. If we analyze the upstream sector from the aspect of legal and regulatory aspect, the production of oil and gas in a country, brings conflicting issues that affects the interest of four major stakeholders. These are the government of the host state, the oil company, the communities hosting and works in the oil production process and the environment. To balance the conflicting interest of the above players, countries hosting oil production activities need to devise a requisite legal framework, for the efficient promotion and sound management of the petroleum production activities. The establishment of such rules and regulations gives major impact to the oil and gas industry. It can be stated that the rules and established basically causes burden especially to the oil company involved. We can analyze the burden and pressure caused through many aspects. One of them is rules regarding licensing authority and procedure. There is solid evidence that shows that the current regulatory framework in this matter imposes a significant burden on the upstream petroleum sector. Most of the process to obtain license is complex and consume a lot of time. For example, in Ghana, the licensing...
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