Free Essay

Olivier

In:

Submitted By ohvda
Words 636
Pages 3
How far do you agree that the Navigation Acts were the main reason for the growth of the British Empire in the years 1680- 1740?-Otto and Olivia

The Navigation Acts set the sails to the exponential increase of the BE, to a very high extent. The Navigation Acts ultimately protected English manufacturers, accumulated bullion, and allowed more growth to the marine fleet. However, other factors aided the growth of the BE to an extent, along with other factors; international relations, the growth of British ports, and trade and commerce, although, as one will see, all of these factors were either caused by, or were spearheaded by the Navigation Acts.
There were numerous Navigation Acts, mostly ranging from 1650- 1750, and over this period, they had helped the growth of the BE; the main purpose of the Navigation Acts was to stimulate English trade in order to strengthen the economy, which gave England a monopoly on trade…………….

‘The Navigation Acts main purpose was to stimulate Britain's trade and strengthen the British economy at the expense of all other nations. The Acts gave Britian a monopoly on trade, especially with the colonists in America, under British rule. England became a prosperous ship building center, creating many new jobs for the citizens of England. The goal of the Navigation Acts was to force colonial development into lines favorable to England, and stop direct colonial trade with the Netherlands, France and other European countries.’- include some of this in the essay Otto :D, along with the sheet we got with the different types of navigation acts there were with the dates:
The English Navigation Acts were a series of laws that restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England (after 1707 Great Britain) and its colonies, a process which had started in 1651. Their goal was to force colonial development into lines favorable to England, and stop direct colonial trade with the Netherlands, France and other European countries. The original ordinance of 1651 was renewed at the Restoration by Acts of 1660 and 1663, and subsequently subject to minor amendment. These Acts also formed the basis for British overseas trade for nearly 200 years. On the whole, the Acts of Trade and Navigation were obeyed, except for the Molasses Act of 1733, which led to extensive smuggling because no effective means of enforcement was provided until the 1750s. Irritation with stricter enforcement under the Sugar Act of 1764 became one source of resentment by merchants in the American colonies against Great Britain, helping cause the American Revolution.

International relations, especially between other European countries (like the Netherlands for example), had greatly helped England to successfully follow through with trade. Following the Glorious Revolution of 1688 (with William of Orange coming to England), Anglo- Dutch wars had stopped, which resulted in less expenditure on men, money, weaponry, and ships, and better trade routes, and more money to focus on the economy and trade………………

The growth of British ports was crucial in the growth of British economy, due to more materials being transported (due to an increase in transoceanic trade), more jobs being available, and more immigration arriving in Britain………
Talk about the support of the colonies in building ships for trade allowed English to increasingly exclude the dutch trading with amercias (which links to the navigation acts as they too, excluded other rival countries from trade, which further gave England more trade power and money)

Trade and commerce was another highly important factor for the growth of the BE; all of the previous factors merely aided trade, which, in turn, aided the growth of English economy which lead to a further increase in the BE……..
Include facts and figures about trade, include brief pointers of the SSC, RAC and EIC (plus fatcs and colony names and places)

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Drama Paper

...Cover Page 720219342 Honor Pledge: ____________ Ever since I was five years old I have desired to be an actor. Unlike many desires throughout life, this one actually stuck with me. That passion still runs through my veins and it shows no signs of vanishing. As I looked over the syllabus and listened in class, I came to understand the notion that we were required to see a couple of plays and then following the plays we had to write a “reflection” paper on them. While most students are not ever too elated for papers (including me most of the time), I actually looked forward to this greatly. I knew I would have to pay attention to and observe the beauties of theatre. I knew my attention would be grasped and that my observations would be broad and limitless, yet precise. My keen attentiveness to detail duplicated as I speculated the aspects of theatre, including plot, lighting, music, character interaction, audience, and many more. This past February 9th I purchased a ticket to see The Making of a King: Henry IV for that night at 7:30. A week later I purchased a ticket to see The Making of a King: Henry V for the same time. At roughly 2:00 PM on the 9th I pulled up to the Paul Green Theatre on Country Club Road. I looked at the gaping columns tower over me, which instantly reminded me of the Romans and their meticulous methods and ideals. As I walked into the building I was in shock to see the size of the building and the intricacy of the designs. This was going to be the...

Words: 1821 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Othello and King Lear Essay

...Using your critical reading around the plays compare how Shakespeare presents the theme of perception in ‘Othello’ with wider references to ‘King Lear’ ‘Any man situated as Othello was would have been disturbed by Iago’s communication…’ (Kenneth Muir). The play Othello displays various distinguishable characters that appear misguided and possess a great lack of perception. I am going to explore the character Iago, who presents a cunning and devious character and address the distinct comparisons with the character Edmond in King Lear. I will also study the methods he uses in order to successfully manipulate and theoretically blind the other characters from the truth. Iago represents the antagonist of the play as the ensign of Othello. Iago is a character with very unique and perplexing characteristics. His actions depict a presentation of great evil yet his intentions are not completely understood. It is clear from the beginning of the play what the character of Iago was capable of with the inconsistency of his apparent loyalty. We first find him in the company of Roderigo informing the father of Desdemona that she is wedded to Othello. ‘I am one, sir that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs.’ It is evident from the beginning of the play that Iago is a devious and scheming character who gains the trust of the other characters in order to manipulate them. Throughout the play it Shakespeare clearly attempts to enforce the amount...

Words: 431 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Othello

...The relationship between Roderigo and Iago is obviously somewhat close. Iago "hast had [Roderigo's] purse as if the strings were thine"; the metaphor shows how much trust Roderigo has in Iago, and also how he uses Iago as a confidante (I.i.2-3). Does Iago share the same kind of feeling? As far as Roderigo knows, Iago is his friend, but Iago reveals his manipulative nature in this first scene. Iago trusts Roderigo with the knowledge that he serves Othello only to achieve his own goals. It is thus ironic that after Iago's lengthy confession of duplicity, Roderigo still does not suspect anything untoward in his request. Appearance vs. reality is a crucial theme in Iago's story; throughout the play, he enacts a series of roles, from advisor to confidante, and appears to be helping people though he is only acting out of his twisted self-interest. Iago seems to do a great deal of character analysis and exposition for the audience. "These fellows" that flatter for their own purposes "have some soul," Iago says (I.i.54). Contrary to his underhanded self-flattery, Iago seems to have no soul; he never repents, never lets up with his schemes, and never seems to tire of the damage he causes. His statement, "In following [Othello] I follow but myself" emphasizes that he is acting completely out of his own self-interest (I.i.58). Iago will thus hide his motivations and convey only falsehood. If he were to "wear [his] heart upon [his] sleeve", he would be torn apart (I.i.64). Honesty would...

Words: 509 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Romeo and Juliet Foreshaddowing

...In the book Romeo and Juliet by William shake sphere, there is foreshadowing throughout the whole entire book. The main thing that is being foreshadowing is the death of the charters. Including death by objects, thoughts of death, and death of people. Shakespeare seems to give hints throughout the book about what what will happen during the book, many movies, and books do this. Death by objects is a small theme in the book about death. ”oh tell me friar, tell me, in what part of this anatomy doth my name ledge? Tell me, that I may sack the hateful mansion” (3.3 Romeo) This foreshadows that Romeo is going to die by a vile of a person. “and with this knife, ill help it presently god joined me heart and Romeo’s, they our hands” (4.1 Juliet) Juliet just foreshadowed what she uses to end her life with. Not only is death by objects, but also thoughts about death. Thoughts of death is another theme of death. When Juliet said “go ask his name; it he be married my glove is like to be my wedding bed” (1.5 Juliet) she is basically foreshadowing that her wedding bed will be the floor of her grave. In the balcony scene, when Juliet expresses her fear for Romeo's safety, Romeo replies that it's ok if her kinsmen find him, because his "life were better ended by their hate, / Than death prorogued, wanting of thy love" (2.2.77-78). In other words, he'd much rather have hr love and die on the spot, than not have her love and die later. As it turns out, he does get her love, and dies for it,...

Words: 508 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Does Shakespeare Reinforce or Question Contemporary Attitudes to Cultural Outsiders in 'Othello' and the Merchant of Venice?

...Does Shakespeare reinforce or question contemporary attitudes to cultural outsiders in 'Othello' and The Merchant of Venice? In the plays the Merchant of Venice and Othello, Shakespeare explores the effects of racial oppression and attitudes to race in general. The idea of cultural outsiders is one of the main themes present in the plays. 'Culture' is the customs and social behaviour of particular groups of people and societies and an outsider is a person who does not belong in a particular situation, organisation or community. This definition relates to both Othello and Shylock as throughout the play we see them as victims of prejudice and injustice because of their cultural differences. In the play Othello, Shakespeare expresses the culture outsider, Othello himself in this instance. As a moor. The term Moor means a person or persons of an African descent. During the renaissance time period there were various stigmas attached to 'moors' and other cultural outsiders. Leo Africanus wrote a book named 'the history and description of Africa (1526)' where he portrayed Moors as being extremely prideful. 'Subject unto Jealousy; who would rather lose their lives than put up any disgrace on behalf of the women.' This is ironic and would lead one to believe Shakespeare reinforced Africanus' ideology in the tragic ending of Othello. Shakespeare also reinforces contemporary attitudes to Jews through the protagonist Shylock. During the 1600’s Jews were extremely disliked and according...

Words: 1099 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Las Vegas

...Choice, Sports, Stem Cell Research, Steroids, Terrorism, Violence, War on Drugs, more... Business - Advertising, Business, Buy Web Sites, Economics, Finance, Management, Marketing, Sell Websites Education - ADHD, Learning, Philosophy of Education, Privatization, Public Schools, School Violence, School Vouchers, Teaching, Technology and Education, Test and Testing, Writing English Composition Essays - Analitical, Autobiographical, Argument, Cause/Effect, Classification, Compare/Contrast, Comparison, Conversation, Creative+Writing, Critical, Deductive, Definition, Descriptive, Description, Dialog, Division, Exploratory, Expository, Informative, Interview, Inquiry, Journalistic, Narration, Observation. Personal Narrative, Place, Profile, Process, Proposal English Literature and Literary Analysis - Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, A & P, Antigone, Apocalypse Now, Araby, The Awakening, Barn Burning, Beowulf, Beloved, Bible, Birthmark, Blade Runner, The Bluest Eye, Candide, Canterbury Tales, Catcher in the Rye, Cathedral, Chrysanthemums, A Clockwork Orange, The Color Purple, Comparing Literary Works, Crime and Punishment, Death of a Salesman, Death in Venice, Desiree's Baby, A Doll's House, Dr. Faustus, Epic of Gilgamesh, Everyday Use, A Farewell to Arms, Frankenstein, The Grapes of Wrath, Great Gatsby, Great Expectations, Glass Menagerie, Gulliver's Travels, The Handmaid's Tale, Heart of Darkness, The Iliad, Invisible Man, Jane Eyre, The Joy Luck Club, The Lottery, ...

Words: 503 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

12th Night Shakespeare

...12th Night Feste: Foolish or Wise “Those wits that think they have thee do very oft prove fools, and I that am sure I lack thee may pass for a wise man.” (1.5.30-31) In the ‘Twelfth Night’ by William Shakespeare, the role of the entertainer was fulfilled by the character named, ‘Feste’. Feste’s purpose was to entertain the nobles through songs and witty jokes at the expense of others; however, his role was far more important than a simple ‘jester’ or ‘fool’. When Feste says; “Those wits that think they have thee do very oft prove fools, and I that am sure I lack thee may pass for a wise man” (1.5.30-31), he is stating a version of the old saying, “know thyself.” These lines point out that Feste is not simply a jester; but rather a fool with much intelligence. Shakespeare meant to create Feste’s character to help teach the other characters more about themselves through experiences displaying their foolishness and short-comings. Feste used various strategic approaches and insightful remarks to reach that goal. Feste incorporates music to affect and convey multiple hidden messages which are essential in order to better understand the play’s central theme of love. A perfect example is the song he performs for Sir Toby and Sir Andrew: “O mistress mine, where are you roaming? O stay and hear, your true love's coming, That can sing both high and low. Trip no further, pretty sweeting, Journeys end in lovers meeting, Every wise man's son doth know” (2.3.37-42)...

Words: 351 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Essay

...Vivien Mary Hartley Vivien Mary Hartley was born November 5, 1913 in Darjeeling, India. Through out her early education years Vivien received a convent education. Around this time is when she began to experience bipolar symptoms. Her teachers and peers noticed Vivien’s strange behavior, they claimed Vivien would have sudden mood changes at times. Regardless of her strange behavior at times Vivien had a normal childhood and like most children aspired to become a famous actress one day. Around her early adulthood Vivien went on to study acting at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. It was around this time that Vivien married Leigh Holman causing her to put her education on hold. On October 12, 1993 Vivien gave birth to Suzanne. Even though she was newly wed and a mother this did not stop Vivien from making her dreams come true of being a famous actress. She continued to play roles in films and around this time is when she took the name Vivien Leigh as her actress name. It was around this time that Vivien’s manic episodes began to affect her marriage. Vivien and her co-worker Oliver began to have an affair while working on a film together. Her constant manic episodes caused Vivien to be promiscuous and seek pleasure. Not only that but she began to have sudden mood changes. Oliver and many of her co-workers began to notice her rapid mood changes on the set. It got to the point were Vivien had earned the reputation of being difficult to work with due to her constant mood changes on...

Words: 763 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Discuss the Extent to Which Macbeth and Shylock Are Victims and Villains

...Discuss the extent to which Macbeth and Shylock are victims and villains The protagonists of each play, Macbeth and Shylock, both fall victim and succumb to villainous natures, however a difference is apparent between the two in representing these traits. Macbeth more so displays villainous behaviours, whereas Shylock is subjected to ordeals which victimise him. That is not to say that Macbeth does not become victimised, and that Shylock does not contain the capability to carry out acts of a villainous essence, such as going against his faith for power, and losing sense of morality and rationality. Different factors such as race and prejudice are integral to the contextual themes of The Merchant of Venice as anti-Semitic views towards Jews are upheld by the Christians in Venice, placing Shylock in a position of submission and awakening his inner villain, which is the ultimate point of differentiation between the two in terms of being either a villain or a victim. Early in Macbeth it becomes apparent that the witches have corrupted Macbeth, thus falling victim to the supernatural. This causes him to conjure questions, "Why do I yield to that suggestion?", which catalyses a rising action. The word 'suggestion' connotes the idea is being fed to him via a supernatural force, and that it is uncontrollable as he 'yields' to it. "My thought, whose murder is fantastical, shakes my state", emphasises how much Macbeth is against the idea of murder, shining light on how these thoughts...

Words: 2082 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

The Daughter

...He called her Lucia after Joyce's mad daughter, or sometimes he said she was Santa Lucia, singing her song at the top of his voice whenever she stepped into the studio He never had problems telling them apart - Sophia, Maude, Cassandra, Sinbad, Costello, Tatiana, Hamlet, Icarus, Jezebel or the dozen or so children by the secondary mothers. 'Lucrezia!' he'd call out, without turning his head. 'O mercy to myself I cried, if Lucy should be dead!' There he'd be at his easel, dressed in a spattered blue shirt like the one Kirk Douglas wore in Lust for Life, surrounded by the paintings that he turned out so effortlessly. Portraits mostly - not just of women, though these were his most famous. The faces of madmen and vagrants from his Dublin sketchbooks, and of his own children when they were young. Sometimes he even said she was named after Lucian Freud, that cold fish, just to tease her. Lucian Freud! The London establishment. To Ridley, painting was just a fragment of what he was about. His great enterprise was the gathering of hidden knowledge, and for him the true meaning of art transcended craftsmanship. All of his offspring were talented. Costello was playing Horatio at the Old Vic. Tatiana's first novel was on the Booker shortlist, while Cassandra was a furniture designer and Icarus a potter. Only Lucia had chosen a more conventional career. She taught at a school in a small town far away. She loved the bright eyes and the squirrelling bodies of the little...

Words: 458 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Cordelia in King Lear

...In the play King Lear, written by William Shakespeare, King Lear tumbles into a world of insanity after his daughters, whom he once cared for dearly, deceive him. Lear's eldest daughters, Goneril and Regan, betray Lear by falsely stating their love for him at a ceremony to divide the King’s kingdom. Dismayed by what she sees as her sister’s false confessions of love, the honest and youngest sister, Cordelia, chooses a path of sincerity to not profess her love for her father. Outraged, the king then banishes Cordelia and divides the land between Goneril and Regan. This decision comes to haunt Lear, when the two sisters take away his title and drive him mad. Cordelia’s honesty, loyalty and maturity are traits that separate her from her sisters and contrast their untruthful, unfaithful and insecure nature. To begin, Cordelia and her sisters are very different in the sense that Cordelia is honest and her sisters are untruthful. Cordelia portrays a very honest character and her integrity is evident from the beginning of the play and it is carried through all the way to the end. “Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave my heart into my mouth. I love your majesty according to my bond, no more nor less.” (I. ii. 91- 93) This line is delivered after Cordelia is once again asked by Lear to confess her love to him after she already she has nothing to confess. She is being honest with Lear when she tells him she simply loves him the way a daughter should. Lear was expecting Cordelia to act like...

Words: 1182 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Why Is King Lear Still Relevant

... Shakespeare was around during the sixteenth century, however, about four hundred years later we are still watching his plays, reading his poems, and analyzing his works in schools. He has reached global fame, and his works can appeal to everyone, from the common man to the highest aristocrat and most powerful leader. Why has Shakespeare been able to reach the pinnacle of fame and remain relevant to literature and culture centuries after his death? The answers are simple, yet the average person may overlook them. One of the biggest reasons Shakespeare is able to remain omnipresent in our literature and culture is the fact that he keeps his themes simple and accessible. He is able to take conflicts in the stories, that while they may seem to be outlandish, battles between feuding families and ghosts asking for their brother to be killed, if we stop and strip away everything that is used to create an entertaining play, we are able to find relatable characters, plots that are complex, and philosophical questions that make us question things and ultimately having no right answer, just the one we believe. Another big reason why Shakespeare is able to captivate us is the fact that his characters are real. Their motivations are ones that we can understand and either agree with emphatically or disagree with vehemently. Even character’s that are things that we believe to be nothing more than fairy tales, such as the ghost I mentioned earlier, still have very human motivations. Nothing...

Words: 1749 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

None

...Macroeconomics, 5/e • Olivier Blanchard 1-1 The United States Table 1-1 1996–2006 (average) 2006 2007 2008 3.1% 3.4% 3.3% 2.1% 2.5% Output growth rate Unemployment rate 6.2 5.0 4.6 4.6 4.8 Inflation rate The unemployment rate 4.0 2.0 2.9 2.6 2.2 Output growth rate: annual rate of growth of output (GDP). Unemployment rate: average over the year. Inflation rate: annual rate of change of the price level (GDP deflator). 3 of 18 Chapter 1: A Tour of the World The inflation rate The period 1996-2006 was one of the best decades in recent memory: The average rate of growth was 3.4% per year. The average unemployment rate was 5.0%. The average inflation rate was 2.0%. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall • Macroeconomics, 5/e • Olivier Blanchard 1-1 The United States 4 of 18 1-1 The United States Has the United States Entered a New Economy? Should We Worry About the U.S. Trade Deficit? Figure 1 - 2 Figure 1 - 3 Rate of Growth of Output per Hour in the United States Since 1960. The U.S.Trade Deficit Since 1990 The trade deficit increased from about 1% of output in 1990 to about 6% of output in 2006. The average rate of growth of output per hour appears to have increased again since the mid-1990s. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall • Macroeconomics, 5/e • Olivier Blanchard 5 of 18 ...

Words: 25619 - Pages: 103

Premium Essay

Entrepreneurship

...Introduction to Entrepreneurship Session 1 Olivier Witmeur September 2011 2 Desired outcomes of the session • • • • Introduce the course Tour de table What is entrepreneurship, what are the key constructs Who is the entrepreneur • AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Course design and organisation 3. About entrepreneurs 4. What entrepreneurship is GEST-S547 - 2011-2012 © Olivier Witmeur 3 1. INTRODUCTION 4 What have these companies in common? • • • • • • • Delhaize , Colruyt, Leclerc, Sears & Roebuck Solvay, Pfizer, Yves Rocher Citroen, Renault, Ferrari McKinsey, Deloitte & Touche, JP Morgan McDonald, Neuhaus Dell, Hewlett-Packard Siemens, Dyson GEST-S547 - 2011-2012 © Olivier Witmeur 5 Examples of successfull entrepreneurs GEST-S547 - 2011-2012 © Olivier Witmeur 6 Entrepreneurship is … (3 minutes) GEST-S547 - 2011-2012 © Olivier Witmeur 7 La laiterie du Berger – Danone Latitudes GEST-S547 - 2011-2012 © Olivier Witmeur 8 2. COURSE DESIGN 9 Desired outcomes of the course • Understand why entrepreneurship matters • Introduce key-concepts and best practices in various settings • Develop your entrepreneurial mindset • At the end of the course each student must be able to: – Assess entrepreneurial opportunities in various contexts – Identify and master the main challenges associated with their exploitation – Understand when and where entrepreneurial management style is relevant ...

Words: 1616 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Laurence Olivier's Hidden Symbolism In Richard III

...Laurence Olivier stars and directs this performance-driven 1955 medieval version of the most ruthless monarch written by Shakespeare, Richard III. Full of intrigue and deceits, Olivier pulls the audience right into the story by making us confidants to his Richard’s secrets. The audience closely follows the action by Richard’s side and we get to see the reasoning behind every single one of his moves. Framed by a simplistic set and costumes, the attention centers primarily in the acting and the hidden symbolism within the movie in elements such as the ever-present crown. Richard III tells the story of Richard, Duke of Gloucester, and his series of political movements to acquire the throne of England. England is under the reign of King Edward IV and Richard is jealous of his brother’s power. He starts to plan his way into the throne by marrying Lady Anne and acquiring her properties. Richard puts his older brother, Clarence, in prison by accusing him of being a traitor and has him executed under the orders of King Edward. King...

Words: 1301 - Pages: 6