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Operating Systems in a Nutshell !

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Submitted By amoor38
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Operating systems are event driven collection of programs that manages integrate hardware and software services and makes them available to users, hardware, and other operating systems. The main goal for an Operating system is to make it easier for users and I/O devices. The major services of the operating system are:

User Interface and Command Execution Services
The main purpose of this service is to be an intermediate between the user and the computer. The two main interfaces are the Graphical User Interface GUI and the Command Line Interface CMI. As their names suggest with the GUI everything is primarily displayed as images and somewhat “dumb-ed” down for users. The CMI mechanism provides the user with a usually black screen, and the user can type in commands he wants to be executed.

The command execution service can be subdivided into two categories, resident and nonresident commands. The resident commands are those commands the reside in memory in order to be accessed immediately. The nonresident commands, as you might expect, do not remain on memory and is loaded into memory as necessary.

File management
The OS also serves file management system. Because files are not always stored contiguously on the disk a file management system is needed in order to be able to keep track where files are stored on the disk. The file management system also provides tools, in which a user can copy, move or load a file. It also takes care of providing I/O devices with the files needed, even though the I/O device or the user doesn’t know the file structure of the device being accessed. More advanced file management systems provide users with back up features and recovery mechanisms which are useful if “things go wrong.”

Input/Output Services
Some of the I/O services include the implementations of interrupts (described in a previous post). The I/O drivers also

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