...Internet Operating Systems For years I thought that operating systems were little programs (lines of code) placed inside my personal computer to help it run smoothly and efficiently. Which it is. But not until recently did I discover that operating systems must also be used in larger mainframes and servers as well. After all, servers are computers too! And any computer, regardless of its size or purpose, needs internal instructions. It needs a set of executable code that makes the thing come alive. Operating systems are the soul of all computers everywhere. This begs a question or two: what types of OS’s are out there? And how do they differ from the one in my Mac? Also, if I wanted to swap out my current operating system for a different one (my friends keep telling me about all of the great things they’re doing with Linux), how easy of a task would that be? The most common OS for a desktop (or a laptop) in use today is Windows 7 ("Os Platform Statistics", 2012). But what about the operating systems which are used by small and large companies that host web pages? Or store hundreds of thousands (if not millions) of large data files in a centralized data center? Or provide search engine services? Companies like Google, facebook, and Yahoo!, maintain their own, internal OS’s, which are designed to serve, store and manipulate data according to the needs of the public. (Consider how Google started out as nothing more than a search engine with fancier algorithms...
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...Paper: Operating Systems Analysis Paper POS/355 November 7, 2011 Jeff Rugg Introduction The operating system, commonly known as OS, is the brain or the center of all computer systems. It controls the input/output and controls various tasks of the hardware. Apart from serving as a go-between for application programs and the hardware of the computer, the OS also consists of information and programs while providing general services to make sure that several software applications can operate accordingly. Operating systems can be found in almost any type of a computer device such as personal computers, supercomputers, cellular telephones, and video game consoles as stated by Linux Systems (2011). As the research was being conducted for this paper, it raised a question whether the internet uses the operating system? It proved to be a challenge to actually pin point the most common operating systems on the Internet, but as the research continued, it was obvious that these three, Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux are considered to be the most common operating systems used on the Internet today. Background of each Operating System Windows Privately owned operating systems, Microsoft Windows is generally used on personal computers and as of today, the most commonly used version is Windows XP with the new version of Windows 7 for personal computers and Windows Server 2008 R2 for servers is entering the market. Mac OS X Mac OS X is a graphical operating system which is...
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...Training Tip Guide for Operating Systems at Datamax Inc. IT/282 2013 Introduction to Operating Systems Before we start we should know what an OS (operating system) is. It’s an operating system that manages your hardware, it will run the applications and provide an interface for users, stores, and it retrieves and manipulates files. Basically, every Windows operating systems have variations one being better than the next over time. I will start with Windows 2000, it is an upgrade of Windows NT, which came in a couple of versions, and some were designed for the use with desktops while others were designed for high-end servers. Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and Datacenter Server are network server operating systems. Windows 2000 offered several improvements over Windows NT, including a more stable environment, support for Plug and Play, Device Manager, Recovery Console, Active Directory, better network support, and features specifically targeting Notebook computers. Windows 2000 has a lower system requirements and it has also has an easier interface, whereas Windows XP has all of the features like Windows Movie Maker, inbuilt CD writer support, Internet firewall, as well as Remote Desktop Connection. Windows 2000 is a lot better version of Windows NT and it’s also available in several different versions. Windows 2000 was released to manufacturing on December 15, 1999 and launched to retail...
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...Leverage its Monopoly Position in Operating Systems to Internet Browser Markets Case Summary Microsoft is the world’s largest supplier of computer software. It has dominant market share of PC operating systems with its Windows system. High barriers to entry prevent significant competition in the operating systems market. The primary barrier is that a large number of software programs must be able to interface with any operating system to make it attractive to end users. It would be extremely difficult for any competitor to create a new operating system and create or encourage the creation of completely new software to compete with Windows. However, the development of Internet Browser programs, specifically Netscape, threatened this barrier, by allowing software developers to create software that could run using the browser software as a platform for the program. Therefore, software could be created that could still be used with Microsoft Windows, but would not have to be. Microsoft recognized this development as a threat to its operating system monopoly. Initially Microsoft attempted to divide the market with Netscape, but Netscape refused. To defend its operating system, it set about to overtake Netscape with its own internet browser, Internet Explorer. To defeat Netscape, Microsoft leveraged its operating system monopoly to gain market share in the internet browser market. Microsoft forced computer manufacturers to include Internet Explorer and strongly discouraged...
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...monopoly in the production of Operating Systems (OS) for personal computers (PC). When their monopoly was threatened by Netscape, MS began bundling the Internet Explorer (IE) web browser with Windows, using cross-promotional deals with internet service providers (ISP), and prevented PC makers from customizing the opening screen showing Microsoft. These actions, which some view as illegal and unethical, dissolved any competition, raised the barriers of entry and inhibited innovation. 1. What is the primary barrier to entry in the operating systems market? How does Netscape’s product threaten to remove this barrier? The primary barrier to entry in the operating systems market is the scarcity of various operating systems compatible (including but not limited to Windows) software applications. Due to Microsoft’s monopoly power in operating system for Intel-based personal computers (more than 90% of the market), the high demand for the on Windows operating system attracts software application developers to write code for Window PC compatible products rather than a vertical integration of software and hardware. Since software applications written to Windows is not compatible to alternative operating systems, and developing a new operating system to run all the Windows compatible software applications is expensive, time-consuming and difficult, this software application barrier sets a high threshold for a company to entery into the operating systems market. On the other...
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...Leverage its Monopoly Position in Operating Systems to Internet Browser Markets Case Summary Microsoft is the world’s largest supplier of computer software. It has dominant market share of PC operating systems with its Windows system. High barriers to entry prevent significant competition in the operating systems market. The primary barrier is that a large number of software programs must be able to interface with any operating system to make it attractive to end users. It would be extremely difficult for any competitor to create a new operating system and create or encourage the creation of completely new software to compete with Windows. However, the development of Internet Browser programs, specifically Netscape, threatened this barrier, by allowing software developers to create software that could run using the browser software as a platform for the program. Therefore, software could be created that could still be used with Microsoft Windows, but would not have to be. Microsoft recognized this development as a threat to its operating system monopoly. Initially Microsoft attempted to divide the market with Netscape, but Netscape refused. To defend its operating system, it set about to overtake Netscape with its own internet browser, Internet Explorer. To defeat Netscape, Microsoft leveraged its operating system monopoly to gain market share in the internet browser market. Microsoft forced computer manufacturers to include Internet Explorer and strongly discouraged...
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...Common Internet Operating Systems POS/355 Joseph Lyon University of Phoenix July 10, 2012 There are a number of operating systems that are used on and for the internet. The most common operating systems used today are Microsoft, Linux, and Mac OS. Each of these offer different ways to view the internet (browser), as well as interact with other computer systems via the internet. Each of these operating systems has almost a cult following whose users are very good at them. The most commonly used OS would be the Microsoft line of operating systems. These started from Windows 3.1 and have evolved to the most recent Windows 8. These operating systems are the most commonly used due to the easy to use GUI and Microsoft has one of the largest software libraries out there. Most Companies use a mix of Microsoft and Linux server systems. The most commonly used version is currently Windows XP, but due to the drop of support, will soon be Windows 7. A large factor to the commonality of this OS is due to the gaming industry and social networking sites. With the increase of graphical complexity of games increasing exponentially, the operating systems needed to be more efficient in its utilization of resources. Then, tie in the MMORPG (Massive multiplayer online role playing game), and you need a system that can put graphics and online resources together to allow playability. Why play a game by yourself when you can play online with a huge player base. With the Social...
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...Web Based Operating Systems David Gonzales POS/355 Instructor John Buono June 18th, 2012 WebOS systems are operating systems that are scaled for internet computing (R. MacManus, May 11, 2006). There are many types of Web Operating Systems and the terminology can seem a bit fuzzy from a metacomputing standpoint. But with the growth of the internet so too has the term WebOS become serious in the ranks of computing systems. There have been many attempts to hoard market share on Web Operating Systems like Microsofts Windows 2003 Server Web Edition (Pingdom, 2011). But basically WebOS Servers are common operating systems serving the public over the internet. Most of these are server editions vary among todays popular operating systems like Windows, Linux, MAC, and UNIX. An additional platform is usually common to layer on top of these operating systems and these come in various flavors as well depending on the function of the website. This paper will target the popular server operating systems that are common on the internet today with emphasis on why these systems are popular and some of the features these systems offer as systems suitable for internet servers. Windows Servers Without question Microsoft Windows bases servers are among the most popular servers on the internet today. Need proof? Just look for the .htm extention at the end of the URL and you will find that most websites are easily identifiable as a Windows based server (J. Kyrnin, About.com). Windows...
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...UNIT 1 A Introduction to computers Unit 1 WUC 117/03 Introduction to Computing and Internet Introduction to Computers B WAWASAN OPEN UNIVERSITY WUC 117/03 Introduction to Computing and Internet COURSE TEAM Course Team Coordinator: Mr. Kevin Tan Pooi Soo Content Writer: Ms. Parasathy Daivasigamani Instructional Designer: Ms. Jeanne Chow Academic Members: Mr. Chandarasageran a/l Natarajan and Mr. Ishan Sudeera Abeywardena COURSE COORDINATOR Mr. Kevin Tan Pooi Soo EXTERNAL COURSE ASSESSOR Associate Professor Norhaziah Md Salleh PRODUCTION Editor: Mr. Terence Too Yang-Yau In-house Editor: Ms. Jeanne Chow Graphic Designers: Ms. Patsy Yap and Ms. Leong Yin Ling Wawasan Open University is Malaysia’s first private not-for-profit tertiary institution dedicated to adult learners. It is funded by the Wawasan Education Foundation, a tax-exempt entity established by the Malaysian People’s Movement Party (Gerakan) and supported by the Yeap Chor Ee Charitable and Endowment Trusts, other charities, corporations and members of the public. The course material development of the university is funded by Yeap Chor Ee Charitable and Endowment Trusts. © 2008 Wawasan Open University First revision S1 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from WOU. Wawasan Open...
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...Final Assignment Maintenance and training manual John Kroll IT282 1-22-2012 Final Assignment Maintenance and training manual Overview of Operating Systems There are several versions of windows that I have used in my life since becoming infatuated with computers at an early age. My first memory of using a computer and was when bought a computer from the local Montgomery Ward’s company in the early 90s, it was the brand name Wang and came state of the art with windows 3.1 and a 28.8 KB/sec dial up modem. I was in grade school maybe middle school using windows 3.1 and familiarizing myself with the program manger and the different ways to do things from clicking on the icons to running programs from ms dos prompt. This was my first computer and loved every bit of it. I remember when my mom brought it home from the store I took my time and connected everything the way it said in the manual. This was my first steps towards an eventual career in the IT field. We owned that computer for a few years and eventually upgraded. The next computer I owned in my life was a little newer Compaq it had the new and improved version of windows. Windows 95 opened the doors towards innovation and a new and improved windows experience. With the new features included in Windows 95 it was a breakthrough and an innovation towards the way modern windows versions are used today. With the advent of the start menu and the new way to use your computer with a customizable desktop and an adaptable...
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...Operating Systems Analysis Florin M. Petrutiu POS/355 September 3, 2012 Karen Clark Operating Systems Analysis As the Internet expanded and basically became the engine that runs the world in terms of communications, the need for robust, secure and efficient servers to serve it increased. Over time three main server operating systems have emerged to fill that role. These operating systems are: Microsoft Windows Server, Linux, and Unix. Microsoft Windows Server Microsoft’s Windows Server product line is not quite as recognized as a web server; however, it is one of the most used products on the Internet for other services such as Terminal Service, email, and even telephony. While most of the world’s websites are hosted on Linux machines, Windows Server is positioning itself to be the operating system of choice when it comes to cloud computing with its newest edition called Windows 2008 RT and the Hyper-V technology. Together with improvements their web application platform, such as improvements in administration, diagnostics, development, application tools and lower implementation costs, Microsoft Server is poised to gain momentum in web hosting usage as well (Microsoft, 2008). Windows Server is closed source and only available by purchase from Microsoft. Support for Microsoft Windows is available via service contracts or per incidence; however, due to the wide availability of trained personnel supporting it should not become an issue for...
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...Creating Competition in the Market for Operating Systems: A Structural Remedy for Microsoft Thomas M. Lenard, Ph.D. Vice President for Research The Progress & Freedom Foundation January 2000 ©Copyright 2000, The Progress & Freedom Foundation. All rights reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iii I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. MICROSOFT’S OPERATING SYSTEM MONOPOLY 3 III. NEW MARKET DEVELOPMENTS 5 A. America Online/Netscape Merger 5 B. America Online/ Time Warner Merger 6 C. Linux 6 D. Information Appliances 6 E. Web-Based Computing 7 IV. ANTICOMPETITIVE ACTS: THE NETSCAPE BROWSER 8 A. Market Division Proposal 9 B. Exclusive Arrangements with Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) 9 C. Exclusive Arrangements with Internet Access Providers (IAPs) 10 V. OTHER ANTICOMPETITIVE ACTS 12 A. Java 12 B. Intel 12 C. IBM 13 VI. HARM TO CONSUMERS 14 VII. ALTERNATIVE REMEDIES 16 A. Conduct Remedies 16 B. Structural Remedies 17 1. Functional Divestiture 18 2. Full Division Remedy 19 3. One-Time Licensing Auction 21 VIII. The Hybrid Structural Remedy 22 A. The Minimum Scope of the Windows Company 23 B. The Applications Company 24 C. Addition of Products into the Windows Companies 25 D. Other Operational Issues 26 1. Shareholders 26 2. Intellectual Property 27 3. Employees 27 4. Contracts 28 ...
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...history The History of Computer By Robert B Enea The history of the computer. The father of the computer is Charles Babbage he made the design for the computer that we use today. In 1940 the colossus was completed by Tommy Flowers and was used in War World two to be a code breaker which helped us win the war. In 1950 -1960 computer mainframes were installed in school, business and government. In 1976 the Internet was made to transfer data. Then in 1982 IBM made the first personal computer with the help of Intel which made the central processing unit (CPU) and Microsoft which give them operating system (OS) then later on gave them Disk Operating System (DOS). In 1989 the world wide web was launched which allowed people to view documents. Charles Babbage was the first person to design the programmable computer which has led us to more complex computer designs. Thanks to Charles Babbage we now have the information, design and modern computers. Babbage's machines were among the first mechanical computers, although they were not actually completed, largely because of funding problems and personality issues. The data and program memory were separated, operation was instruction-based, the control unit could make conditional jumps, and the machine had a separate Input Output unit (I/O). Colossus was the world's first electronic, digital, programmable computer designed and made by Tommy Flowers. Colossus was the first of the electronic digital machines with programmability...
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...III Paper IV Practical I Paper V Paper VI Paper VII Practical II Project Advanced Computer Architecture Computer Graphics & Multimedia Software Engineering Computer Networks Computer Graphics and Multimedia Lab Advanced Operating System Internet programming and Web Design Data Mining and Warehousing Internet programming and Web Design Lab Project Work and Viva Voce Total University Examinations Durations Max in Hrs Marks 3 100 3 100 3 100 3 100 3 100 3 3 3 3 100 100 100 100 100 1000 II For project work and viva voce (External) Breakup: Project Evaluation : 75 Viva Voce : 25 1 Anx.31 J - M Sc CS (SDE) 2007-08 with MQP Page 2 of 16 YEAR – I PAPER I: ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE Subject Description: This paper presents the concept of parallel processing, solving problem in parallel processing, Parallel algorithms and different types of processors. Goal: To enable the students to learn the Architecture of the Computer. Objectives: On successful completion of the course the students should have: Understand the concept of Parallel Processing. Learnt the different types of Processors. Learnt the Parallel algorithms. Content: Unit I Introduction to parallel processing – Trends towards parallel processing – parallelism in uniprocessor Systems – Parallel Computer structures – architectural classification schemes – Flynn’ Classification – Feng’s Classification – Handler’s Classification – Parallel Processing Applications. Unit II Solving problems in Parallel: Utilizing...
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...Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite of productivity software, each of which has achieved near-ubiquity in the desktop computer market. Microsoft possesses footholds in other markets, with assets such as the MSNBC cable television network, the MSN Internet portal, and the Microsoft Encarta multimedia encyclopedia. The company also markets both computer hardware products such as the Microsoft mouse as well as home entertainment products such as the Xbox, Xbox 360 and MSN TV" ("Microsoft Corporation by eknowledge"). By law a monopoly is not allowed to exist in the US. It has been long discussion whether Microsoft is a monopoly or not? Among other charges Microsoft was charged with "monopolizing the computer operating system market, integrating the Internet Explorer web browser into the operating system in an attempt to eliminate competition from Netscape, and using its market power to form anticompetitive agreements with producers of related goods" (Economics: Resource Center). Because it obtained the current monopolistic state through innovation and its superior products many judge Microsoft a just monopoly. According to the website usdoj.gov Microsoft puts much money in research and development. This tells us that Microsoft wants to step ahead of its competitors. The market is still established and with the current potential for profit in this field a number of powerful firms have tried and entered the market and come up with operating systems competing...
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