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Operation Just Cause

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Operation Just Cause was the invasion of Panama by US Forces in December of 1989. The mission of the US was to protect US lives and property, keep the canal open, conduct non-combatant evacuation operations in peaceful or hostile environments, and to develop and assist any government that would take over the current dictatorship that is in place. The operations were strategically formed to minimize casualties and damage to the local infrastructure by considering the operational environment. The accomplishment of the mission required US forces to contemplate on different tactics we were not accustomed to fighting. “Operation Just Cause represented a bold new era in American military force projection for speed, mass, and precision coupled …show more content…
The last two years, however, had been especially difficult. One of Noriega's principal lieutenants charged the dictator with murder, drug trafficking, and election fraud. Riots broke out in Panama City, and the internal crisis grew inferior as the country's economy deteriorated. To deflect rising criticism within Panama, Noriega resorted increasingly to anti-American rhetoric. At his direction, the PDF was responsible for initiating relatively insignificant incidents of harassment against U.S. military personnel in the country, such as the arbitrary arrest and detention of nine service members in October 1987. The soldiers were detained overnight, refused outside contacts, and then released. The frequency and seriousness of these incidents increased soon after two U.S. federal grand juries indicted Noriega on 4 February 1988 for drug trafficking. The Reagan administration responded to the increased tension by sending a company of U.S. Marines and several Military Police units to strengthen the forces already in Panama (Cole, 1995).
In February of 1988 a series of orders that addressed the old canal zone, non combatant evacuation, naturalization of the PDF and Civil Military operations began. Plans for operation BLUE SPOON commenced. The plan started with a gradual build up of US forces in Panama that would provide increased economic and diplomatic pressure on …show more content…
In view of this, Commanders had to prepare their soldiers for Military Operations on Urban Terrain (MOUT). This training prepared them for the ability to maneuver through two-way streets, maneuver around bridges, roadblocks, and other urban obstacles, and clearing multi story buildings. US forces also had to prepare for the high population of Panama City. With help from PSYOPS and Counter Insurgency Operations (COIN) strategies, they created holding areas to question local inhabitants and detect any enemy combatants that were hiding within the civilian populous. Without foresight and the understanding of the Physical Environment, US forces would not have had the training required to successfully complete the mission with minimal casualties both friendly and

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