...emergency contraceptives, Plan B, and oral synthetic hormones are the most common form of emergency contraceptives, and this information must be given to the victim upon her request. These contraceptives are called the “morning after pill or plan B”. Question 2: What are the legal considerations of this issue? Some legal considerations are the Principles of Informed Consent. This principle allows a competent individual to advance his or her own welfare. The rights, responsibility are performed freely and willingly to consent, or the refusal of consent based on recommended medical procedures, such as the benefits, burdens and risks involved. Informed consent is based on; (a). Adequate disclosure of information (b). Patient’s freedom of choice (c) Patient’s understanding of information an (d) Patient’s ability for decision making. By meeting these requirements, three necessary conditions are satisfied that is; the individual’s decision is voluntary, the individual is fully aware of the circumstances, the individual’s choice is deliberate in so far as the patient has carefully considered all of the expected benefits, burdens, risk and reasonable alternatives. (“Ethical issues consent”, - 2012). This becomes a matter of legal concern when the Principles of Informed Consent can be proven that the victim was not given such information, or allowed to exercise this principle. Supporters of this act argue that emergency contraception reduces the risk of a potential pregnancy...
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...CONTRACEPTIVES IN HIGH SCHOOL Are contraceptives and birth control appropriate or inappropriate to offer high school students ? Recently The Department of Education has inaugurated a pilot program called CATCH { Connecting Adolescents To Comprehensive Health} made to curb the alarming rates teen pregnancy here in New York City . Although students throughout the nation has had condoms at their dispense people are now outraged by program which allows the school nurse to administer plan B an emergency contraceptive known as the morning after pill as well as birth control through the form of injection and orally . This can be done without the consent of the parents unless they’ve chosen to opt their children out of the program. People like the executive director Greg Pfundstien, of the Chiaroscuro Foundation, one of the anti- abortion groups feel it’s unethical and doubts that this program will work. Says Jonathan Allen of the Reuters an online news source . Although abortion groups may view the morning after pill as a form of abortion when in essence it is simply a high dosage of the actual birth control pill , which can be taken up to seventy-two hours after intercourse , to halt pregnancy . The morning after pill is a freedom of women’s right’s even though high school students are minor’s they should still have access to contraceptives that are safe to use and are preventive measures against...
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...Essay about the “ Pool” - A characterization of Darla Darla is a young woman in the 20s. Her boyfriends name is Jon and she is the main character of the short story “Pool”. Darla seems very confused about feelings and relationships. She seems very modest and shy, for example about showing herself in bathing clothes: ““ A little later” she said, knowing that she wouldn’t, that she hated others seeing her in her swimsuit.” ( p. 9 l. 60-62) She is thin and always keeps an eye on here weight, she drinks light soda. She describes candy and snacks as packs of chemicals. You also hear about Jon taking her out to a restaurant that he cannot afford which indicates that Darla maybe comes from another environment than the other characters in the story. Darla takes an emergency contraceptive pill, the same morning as the story is told. She is really affected by the experience and even if she convinces Jon, that it is the right decision, she fells insecure. For example, she lays a pillow on her belly, and that’s a sign for protection. The pictures of kids all around the house of Trevor and Mandy are also in Darla’s mind. - The relationship between Darla and Jon The relationship between Darla and Jon has been going on for about a year, and they both look differently at the relationship. Jon’s mom tries to take Darla into their family, Darla on the other hand knew that the relation wouldn’t last long: “ What she liked best about him, Darla had realized earlier in the...
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...Jennifer Chadwick PSY-225 Human Sexuality 11-Jul-2011 (0101) 08/21/2011 Teen Pregnancy Prevention Plan and Contraception Program A teen pregnancy prevention plan needs to address topics to educate teenagers about sex, and teach them ways to prevent unwanted teen pregnancy. An effective teen pregnancy prevention plan should focus on teaching about both abstinence and contraception (Frost & Forest 1995). The plan should also be developmentally appropriate so that everything that is presented to the audience is understandable and relatable (Girls Incorporated 1991). The primary audience will be teens ages 12-18. Knowledgeable and educated individuals (such as medical professionals and youth counselors) will be surveyed to determine teenage pregnancy trends in the community, and they will also be appointed to speak to teenagers about sexual issues and contraception use and options. Workshops and classes at local community centers and schools will focus on relationships, feelings that occur within these relationships. It is typical for young children and teens alike to have questions regarding sex (Crooks 2010). Along with encouraging questions about sexual intercourse and methods of birth control, allowing them to have open and honest conversations is important. It is shown that parents can be the greatest communicators of sex, and young people usually prefer to be able to talk to their mothers and fathers about sex (Hutchinson & Cooney, 1998). Parental involvement...
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...Another important issue I think is relevant is how will they punished the companies that do not follow the rule and not include in the insurance of the employee birth control services, because according to some research beside the links provided I read several articles of companies that are not following the new rule and make women’s pay from their own pocket for birth control services. Ii is very difficult to solve conflicts between competing right and liberties but I don’t think is impossible, maybe trying to get to a compromise where both sides can benefice from the new deal, law, right etc. also giving options to the people to choose for themselves, and talking about it with all the parities involved, getting opinion and consider them in future decisions. The role of the Supreme Court decided that certain for-profit companies couldn’t be required to pay for the specific types of contraceptives for their employees. I think the public opinion role in deciding which civil liberties to grant is difficult because everyone has a different opinions, in religions the majority does not rule but in government issues it does, so public opinion can be very difficult to compromise in which liberties to allowed. I think it should be consider for lawmakers simply because we are the people and our opinion should be what matter the most, public opinion is necessary in order to have justice in the government. Watching the new videos I think my opinion does not change because I don’t...
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...Should parents provide their teens with birth control? Pros Helps decrease the amount of teen pregnancies each year in the United States. Access to birth control can help decrease the abortion rate in the United States. Allowing birth control displays a level of responsibility for your teen (Demand Media, Inc., 1999-2012). Cuts the risk of ovarian and uterine cancer by half (Demand Media, Inc., 1999-2012). The most popular method of contraception among teens is the birth control pill (Demand Media, Inc., 1999-2012). Free birth control allows teens who may not have been able to afford it to access it, this may not always be because a teen wants to be sexually active it could also help control their menstrual cycle especially if a doctor has prescribed it but they could not afford it (Word Press, 2011). If this whole process is done right and communicated well when talking about birth control or sex, it could lead to more sexually educated kids, which is never a bad thing because they will then know enough to make safer sexual decisions (Word Press, 2011). Cons The teen’s parents typically end up taking responsibly for the baby (Demand Media, Inc., 1999-2012). The teen may feel supported in the quest for sexual freedom if allowed birth control (Demand Media, Inc., 1999-2012). Birth control does not prevent STD’s and only prevents against pregnancy. STD’s can still...
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...Dark figure of crimes pertains to crimes that actually happen, but go unreported. The reason this is troubling for sociologist and data analyst, is because it’s the dark figures that precludes true effectiveness in the reporting of crime data. The accuracy in the reporting is crucial for several reasons. One being that it helps officials and strategist plan for their “attack,” in certain neighborhoods as they will have focus areas. In addition, it’s important to have data to assess the efficiency of the overall department. Citizens are extremely critical, as they should be, regarding the performance of the police department. Having the ability to review year over year reporting will indicate an increase or the favorable decrease in the crime results. There are many factors that contribute to the Dark Figure of Crime, but in my opinion, that number one influencer is rape. Statistics shows that rape is still one of the most unreported crimes out there, and an estimated 54% of rapes that happen each year goes unreported (Reporting Rates). To add insult to injury for those that report the crimes, only about 3% of the accused serve time in jail (Reporting Rates). That means out of 100 rapes that happen, 97 of them will walk free and will never pay for their crime. The interesting, yet sad common thread about rape is that the issue of them being unreported isn’t just seen in the United States but across the world. 80% of those raped are under the age of 30, and 44% of those raped...
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...Women's Health The purpose of this paper is to provide information on health and a particular health policy by researching the internet. The writer of this paper has chosen the topic Women’s Health, with special interest in Emergency Contraception. The writer will explain some of the challenges women face in the health care industry and provide details on emergency contraception. Lastly, the writer will identify the stakeholders that are affected by this topic. One of the major consumers in the health care industry are women. Women play major roles in health care. Women are often the decision makers for their family when it relates to health. Compared to men, women have greater needs within the health care system. Women also have to face the challenges of child birth and all the health concerns that may be associated with giving birth. In addition, women face challenges of being the head-of-household, single mothers, and financial decision makers. The choice of becoming pregnant is a decision women of all ages are making daily. In cases where birth control has failed or protection is not used Emergency Contraception is available. Emergency contraception (EC)-- also known as the “morning after pill,” is a form of contraception that can be used shortly after sexual intercourse to prevent unintended pregnancy(Kaiser, 2010). EC is not intended to be used as a regular form of birth control. EC is a pill that is used to prevent unwanted pregnancy before it happens rather than later...
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...Not all contraceptive methods are appropriate for all situations, and the most appropriate method of birth control depends on a woman's overall health, age, frequency of sexual activity, number of sexual partners, desire to have children in the future, and family history of certain diseases. Individuals should consult their health care providers to determine which method of birth control is best for them. Some types carry serious risks, although those risks are elevated with pregnancy and may be higher than the risks associated with the various methods. The different methods of contraception include:1,2 Barrier methods Hormonal methods Emergency contraception Intrauterine methods Sterilization Barrier Methods Designed to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, barrier methods are removable and may be an option for women who cannot use hormonal methods of contraception. Types of barrier methods include: Male condoms. This condom is a thin sheath that covers the penis to collect sperm and prevent it from entering the woman's body. Male condoms are generally made of latex or polyurethane, but a natural alternative is lambskin (made from the intestinal membrane of lambs). Latex or polyurethane condoms reduce the risk of spreading sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Lambskin condoms do not prevent STDs. Male condoms are disposable after a single use. Female condoms. These are thin, flexible plastic pouches. A portion of the condom is inserted into a woman's vagina...
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...Abortion: Why Women choose Abortions Tanja Bell Women who choose to terminate pregnancies are from many different racial and social economic backgrounds. Women take on so many responsibilities and are often faced with many choices. One major important private choice women often have to make is the choice to give life or abort life. Women who have abortions age backgrounds vary some age groups are having more abortions than others. The overall U.S unintended pregnancy rate remained stagnant between 1994 and 2006, but unintended pregnancy increased 50% among women with lower incomes, while decreasing 28% among higher income women. Women have abortions for many different reasons the age group variation women have abortions for several different reasons. The women who have abortions often experience serious health issues that no one talks about. Women choose to have abortions have to live with that choice for the rest of their lives. Other women who may not want to live with that choice choose to use various ways to protect themselves from having an unintended pregnancy. First, not only do women who have abortions come from every walk of life they also come from several different age groups. Each year 1.3 million pregnancies end in abortion. According to Guttmacher Institute (1996-2012),” about half of American women will have and unintended pregnancy and nearly one-third will have an abortion by the age of 45.According to the National Abortion Federation Women between...
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...everyone and the planet overall (Rengel, M 2000). 2) It is only reasonable to accept that birth control is not merely a matter of morals, but also of ethics (Steinbock, B 2011). It may be immoral to prevent conception, but it is unethical to willingly allow ourselves to cause unwanted pregnancies that will result in more destitution. 3) As a counterpoint to the second anti-birth control argument, developing a market for contraceptives may in fact reduce the number of women victimized by those who want them to be sterile (Gordon, L 2002). Contraceptive methods have not caused a decrease, but rather an increase, in the sexual freedoms of women in developed and developing countries alike (Lysaught et al 2012). If women are able to use contraception, they may be able to prevent becoming pregnant and being subject to cruel treatment. Against: 1) Religious or moral convictions. The idea of deliberately preventing a human life from forming contrary to nature and/or God's law can be very disturbing to many people. Religious adherents vary widely in their views on birth control. This can be true even between different branches of one faith, as in the case of Judaism (Tribhuwan, R 2009). Some religious believers find...
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...Hiring a pharmacist for a rural 100-bed hospital does not leave a CEO many options for alternative dispensing of medications. There are usually only a few pharmacist in the hospital and in the town itself. The pharmacist is mandated by standards that manage their practice. The physician writes an order that is specific and in good standing for a patient. The pharmacist checks the order and other medications the patient is on at the time of the new prescription. The pharmacist must make sure that there is no interaction between any of the medication. A pharmacist is obligated to contact the physician if there is any other medication in the system that is not a good interaction with the new medication. A pharmacist must now offer all patients a consultation regarding their new or old medications. When hiring any employee, it is not legal to ask them their religious beliefs therefore, one cannot know if prescribing a certain type of medication would be against those beliefs. As a CEO, she would have to come up with an alternative plan for dispensing these medications. The CEO would need to meet with the affected parties. In a small hospital, this would be any other pharmacists, director of nursing and possible other pharmacists in the community. This would need to be a confidential meeting. The pharmacist that is refusing to give certain medications due to religious reasons does not need to vilified...
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...appeal on May 1, 2013 against the bill because of the age limit. The bill states that females of any age can purchase the over the counter Plan B pill. Obama would like for the plan B to be available to teenager starting at the age of 15 and up. On May 22, 2013 the bill was passed by the state senate with a vote of 34-10. On June 10, 2013 the Obama admiration reverse course on Plan B pill which allows Judge Edward Korman to approve the Plan B pill on June 13, 2013. The plan B will come in the form of generic and will be sold over the counter. With this bill being passed this will allow teenagers to use this as there form of contraception. But the morning after pill doesn’t protect you from sexual transmitted diseases. I am very much against this bill because I am Christian woman who doesn’t believe in abortion. Who believes in traditional measure of contraception? I feel this will allow teens at an early age to start having sex. The morning after pill will be putting our little girls at risk without their parent’s knowledge. I feel if you have to be 21 to purchase alcohol or to vote. You need to be at least 18 years old to purchase the morning after pill. This is a valid article because it came from www.npr.org which stands for National Public Radio. This station broadcast national news like CNN or Fox News. So it is...
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...because; there are other options readily available, including conventional birth control, emergency contraceptive in cases of sexual assault, and finally in cases of unplanned pregnancy, adoption is available. When information is given on all available options during the decision making process abortion is no longer an option. Women have a lot of birth control choices available from short term to long term pregnancy prevention depending on how long pregnancy prevention is needed for. Short term birth control options are the pill, a vaginal ring, or a skin patch; there is also a Depo-Provera shot available. Long term options include the Intra Uterine Device (IUD) or a small implant placed under the skin. Women also have the emergency contraception a pill that works before implantation to block a possible pregnancy after unprotected sex, sexual assault, or when the contraceptive fails such as a condom breaking. Pregnancy is established when a fertilized egg has been implanted in the wall of a woman's uterus. The definition is critical to distinguishing between a contraceptive that prevents pregnancy and an abortifacient that terminates it. And on this point, federal policy has long been both consistent and in accord with the scientists: Drugs and devices that act before implantation prevent, rather than terminate, pregnancy. (Gold, R., 2005, para. 2) A doctor’s prescription is required for all forms of birth control used by women. Men and women both have condoms available...
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...Nurses Journal Scan, September 2007 Laurie Scudder, MS, NP; Marilyn W. Edmunds, PhD, NP Authors and Disclosures Posted: 11/13/2007; Medscape Nurses © 2007 Medscape Print This The Journal for Nurse Practitioners The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety Policy, Politics and Nursing Practice Disaster Management & Response The Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Information from Industry We can help you achieve your nursing educational goals For more than 27 years, University of Phoenix® College of Nursing has been educating nurses. Learn how you can become a nurse leader in your community The Journal for Nurse Practitioners Journal Scan is the clinician's guide to the latest clinical and research findings in Journal for Nurse Practitioners, The Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Care, The Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, Journal of Pediatric Primary Care, and selected other scholarly journals having articles of value to advanced practice nurses and other clinicians. Links to article abstracts are provided when they are available. Links to related articles on Medscape are available for readers seeking information that is more detailed. Plan B: Dual Label -- The Nurse Practitioners Role in Education and Provision Wadsworth P J Nurs Pract. 2007;3:470-474 Despite the growing availability of birth control throughout the last 50 years, unintentional pregnancy still occurs for...
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