...DOROTHEA OREM Dorothea Orem Jennifer VandenEykel University of Phoenix NUR 403 Theories and Models of Nursing Practice January 8, 2012 Mary McGill, RN, MSN DOROTHEA OREM Nursing Theorist Grid Theorist Selected: Dorothea Orem Description of Theory: “ The central philosophy of the self-care deficit Nursing theory is that all patients want to care for themselves, and they are able to recover more quickly and holistically by performing their own self-care as much as they are able. “ ( Nursing-theory.org, 2011) There are three requirements to the self-care theory. The first requirement is the patient to be able to obtain basic human needs: air, food, rest and water. The second area that is a necessity is the maturity level the ability of that person to know when there is a chance of compromise in their growth and development. The final are is when it is necessary for the nurse to step in to provide care, support and education for the patient to maintain health. To summarize the beliefs of Dorothea Orem she strongly believes that a person should strive to provide care for themselves and members of their family. When a person is able to meet the standard self care needs and maintain the proper state of well-being according to their developmental stage they are at an optimal state of health. A person must take opportunities presented to them for receiving education about preventing health problems. Ultimately a person is either independent...
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...Historical Perspective Essay: Dorothea Orem Historical Perspective Essay: Dorothea Orem Introduction The foundation for the nursing profession that provides principles to generate knowledge defines nursing theory. Successful nurses must be rooted in theory and understand the philosophy that drives their actions. Dorothea Orem is a nurse with a vision that studied human behavior, with the core concept of self-care in the patient/nurse relationship. This paper seeks to explain Dorothea Orem’s Theory including the contribution of her research as it relates to nursing development and paradigms of nursing. Dorothea Orem Caring for one’s self, as Dorothea Orem believes, is the responsibility of each person. “Self care is a deliberate, learned action performed by a person who has the powers and developed capacities to regulate their own functions in order to contribute and maintain their personal well-being” (Seed & Torkelson, 2012, p. 394-395). Orem believes that the responsibility of care is the patient’s, although at times, nursing care will be necessary. “The goal of nursing practice is to assist patients to become adequately prepared to engage in their own care, and thus, have improved patient outcomes and a better quality of life” (Simmons, 2009, p. 419). Orem’s theory contains three different systems, or stages; wholly compensatory, partially compensatory, and educative stage. A person requiring complete assistance, such as being...
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...parts of nursing. Examples are provided of how the Self- Care Deficit Theory views education from this perspective. The Self-Care Deficit Theory was chosen because it good framework for nursing school curriculum and helps to guide the author’s present nursing practice. Theory as a Microscope of Nursing Nursing theories contain concepts that take a closer look at the features of nursing related to nurses and clients. The relationships between and among the concepts form the structure of the theory. Theories are formed after concepts are named and validation occurs. Theory takes a closer look at the features of situations in nursing practice and the relationships between them that are common to all occurrences in nursing (Orem and Taylor, 2011). Orem and Taylor (2011) stated that the formation of theories starts with a search of the dominant features of nursing practice situations. Then they are isolated and a search is started to understand their meaning. Finally the concepts are...
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...DOROTHEA OREM - NURSING THEORIST IN SOME SITUATIONS, PATIENTS ARE ENCOURAGED TO BE MORE INDEPENDENT. THIS CAN BE ESPECIALLY TRUE IN REHABILITATION SETTINGS, IN WHICH PATIENTS ARE TRANSITIONING OUT OF BEING CARED FOR BY PHYSICIANS AND NURSES AND BACK HOME TO EXCLUSIVE SELF-CARE. IN THESE CASES, THE SELF-CARE DEFICIT NURSING THEORY CAN BE APPLIED TO HELP PATIENTS BE MORE INDEPENDENT AND PREPARE TO BE RELEASED FROM THE HEALTHCARE FACILITY WHERE THEY ARE BEING CARED FOR. BIOGRAPHY OF DOROTHEA E. OREM DOROTHEA E. OREM WAS BORN IN 1914 IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. IN THE EARLY 1930S, SHE EARNED HER NURSING DIPLOMA FROM THE PROVIDENCE HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING IN WASHINGTON, D.C. SHE WENT ON TO COMPLETE HER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING IN 1939 AND HER MASTER'S OF SCIENCE IN NURSING IN 1945, BOTH FROM THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA IN WASHINGTON, D.C. DOROTHEA OREM DIED ON JUNE 22, 2007. CAREER OF DOROTHEA E. OREM DOROTHEA OREM HAD A DISTINGUISHED CAREER IN NURSING. SHE EARNED SEVERAL HONORARY DOCTORATE DEGREES. SHE WAS GIVEN HONORARY DOCTORATES OF SCIENCE FROM BOTH GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY IN 1976 AND INCARNATE WORD COLLEGE IN 1980. SHE WAS GIVEN AN HONORARY DOCTORATE OF HUMANE LETTERS FROM ILLINOIS WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY IN 1988, AND A DOCTORATE HONORIS CAUSAE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI IN COLUMBIA IN 1998. SHE WAS ALSO GIVEN MANY AWARDS DURING HER CAREER: THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA ALUMNI ACHIEVEMENT AWARD FOR NURSING THEORY IN 1980, THE LINDA RICHARDS AWARD...
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...Theorist Selected: Dorothea Orem Description of Theory: This paper will discuss about Orem’s general theory of nursing and major concepts of her theory are person, health, nursing and environment. Orem’s general theory of nursing consists of three parts. Each theory is presented as a set of assumptions and propositions. According to Current Nursing (2012) (i) Theory of self- care includes: self- care means individuals perform activities on their own to maintain life, health, and well-being. Self- care Agency is a human ability to engaging in self-care conditioned by age developmental state, life experience, sociocultural orientation health, and available resources. Therapeutic self-care demand is,” totally of self-care action to be performed for some period of time by using valid method, sets of operation and action to meet self- care demands”(para.4). Self-care requisite includes three catagories: Universal self-care, developmental self-care, and health deviation self-care requisites. (ii) Theory of self-care deficit clarifies that when nursing is in need and five helping methods: Acting for and doing for others, guiding others, supporting another, providing an environment for personal development in order to meet future demands, and teaching another.(iii)Theory of nursing system describes how patient’s self-care needs will be meet by the nurse and patient. Orem identifies three classifications of nursing system to meet the self-care necessities of the patient are wholly compensatory...
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...Revision Matrix Following the syllabus instructions, prepare a response to the feedback you received on the Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership Essay by completing the matrix below. Use Microsoft® Word® formatting features to add rows to the template, as needed. Complete the template, save the document, and post your assignment according to the syllabus instructions. Learner’s Name: |Faculty Feedback |Faculty feedback in my own words |My detailed and specific action plan to integrate faculty feedback in my revised essay | |(Include comment numbers, as appropriate) | |(Include APA manual page numbers, as appropriate) | | | Title page should have five requirements |According to APA 6th edition page no: 23 the title page should have a title and it should be self | |Comments: Title page has five requirement: |which includes the |explanatory when standing alone. | |Title of Assignment |Title of the assignment |The recommended letter length for a title is no more than 12 words. Title page includes authors | |Student’s name |Student’s full name |name and the institutional...
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...Answers to the questions #10-12. #10. Do you believe your theory systems when followed enables health care providers to better meet the needs of the patient, or do you believe the strict protocol hinders and prevents care therapies that might otherwise be more effective for the patient, and why? My theory is very simple; a person must have the ability to take care of himself. I believe it enables health care providers to better meet the needs of the patient. Nurses use my theory on a daily basis for taking care of the patients such as making the patient’s transition from the hospital to their own home much smoother. An example of using my Self Care Theory is educating a patient on their diabetes so they can be independent about taking care of their diabetes and outcomes. Education to the patient is very critical. Eventually the nurse set s goals set by the patient and evaluates the results of the plan. #11. Your “Self Care Theory” is considered a grand nursing theory, which is reflective of personal insights, useful practices designed by empirical testing, therefore one may considered this biased, would you agree why and why not? What do you consider to be the differentiation of your theory over some others classified under the same “Grand Theory” Category? No I don’t feel my Self Care Theory is biased because it’s a requirement of every person, not just a certain age group. Every person can benefit from my theory. My Self Care Deficit theory is said to be one of...
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...Dorothea Orem’s Theory: Self Care Deficit Critic Kouadio K. Koko BSN, RN University of Virginia School of Nursing Dorothea Orem’s Theory: Self Care Deficit Critic Abstract Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory of nursing is one of the major nursing theories. It pays particular attention to the role of the patient in their own rehabilitation, as it expounds the benefits of self-care. Orem’s theory is well documented and has been used by several researchers as a basis for their research. This particular theory of nursing is broad and can be applied to the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention. Many nursing schools have used this theory as a benchmark or guide in their curriculum development. Introduction The following is a critical review of Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory of nursing; in which she advocates for a patient centered approach to nursing where the patient takes an active role in their own rehabilitation. This critical review takes a look at the purpose of the self-care theory, major concepts and definitions, its assumptions, its strengths and its weaknesses. The information provided in this report could be of benefit to a recently enrolled nursing student or any individual who wants to have a broader concept of one of the major nursing theories. Brief Summary of Theory Orem’s self-care theory of nursing basically surmises that the main purpose of the nurse is to facilitate the patient’s recovery; by helping the patients get to a point where they can...
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...SELF-CARE MODEL OF DOROTHEA OREM Introduction The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Model of Nursing to clinical nurse practice. The central thesis of the paper is that Orem’s theory has strong utility for application to modern day clinical practice and can be applied to most any case in order to attain the desired medical and caring outcomes. The presented discussion will support this perspective of Orem’s theory. The paper begins with a brief overview of the theory which is then followed by a delineation of a non-nursing theory that supports one or more of Orem’s self-care notions. The next section of the paper presents a historical overview of the evolution of Orem’s theory, a delineation of the concepts central to the metaparadigm, and an exploration of the theory’s usefulness in education and research. The final section of the paper applies the theory to a particular case. A model of the theory is presented in Appendix A. Orem’s Self-Care Theory Alligood and Marriner-Tomey (2001) state that conceptual or theoretical models of nurse practice are pivotal to the field, providing the profession with a guide to patient care and with a general frame of reference that connects the structural environment to the patters of behavior and relationships within the organization. The Orem Self-Care Model of Nursing (Orem, Taylor & McLaughlin, 2003) is one such model. According to Seedhouse (2000), the Orem Self-Care Model of Nursing...
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...focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides care through acting, guiding, supporting, teaching, and environmental manipulation promoting personal development. Orem developed this theory from her experience and personal connection with the Vincentian-Louisiana nursing tradition of the Daughters of Charity (Libster, 2008.) Roy’s Adaptation Model Roy’s Adaptation Model provides the framework for nurses by viewing the adaptability of...
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...Assignment # 2 Descriptive Analysis For this assignment, I chose to study grand nursing theorist Dorothy Orem and the nursing concept she introduced, the self-care deficit theory (also known as the Orem model of nursing). I chose to study Dorothy Orem because she is well known in Indiana, the state in which I reside. Orem’s grand nursing theory “was developed between 1959 and 2001…[and] is particularly used in rehabilitation and primary care settings where the patient is encouraged to be as independent as possible” (Orem & Taylor, 2011). Background of Theorist “Dorothy Orem was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1914. She received her diploma in nursing in 1934 from Providence Hospital School of Nursing, Washington, D.C. Orem received her bachelor of science in nursing education in 1939 and a master of science in nursing education in 1945 from Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. She had a varied background in clinical practice: OR, pediatrics, adult med-surg, private duty, and ER supervisor. She taught biological sciences, served as a director of nursing service and director of the school of nursing at Providence Hospital, Detroit, Michigan. In 1949, she went to the Indiana State Board of Health, Hospital Division, where she worked to help upgrade the nursing services in general hospitals in Indiana” (Hartweg, 1991). “As part of her master’s degree work, Orem had to formulate a definition of nursing. During 1958-59, she worked as a consultant to the Office of Education...
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...nursing model. Orem’s Self Care Deficit Theory is widely used in models of nursing. Orem chaired the Nursing Development Conference Group which examined nursing problems and research. Orem’s interest in curriculum development arise ++her interest in formulating a conceptualization of nursing. Theoretical Framework Orem presented her conceptual framework consisting of four concepts about persons and two about nursing and theories derived from this model – the self care deficit theory. The theory of self care, and the theory of nursing system. Concepts in the model are self care, self care agency, self care demand, self care deficit nursing agency, and nursing system (Fitzpatrick & Hall, 2005). Orem sees nursing as a science, technology, art, and a helping service given to a person with a legitimate need for it by nurses who have specialized knowledge and skills. Nurses help clients meet existing or anticipated demands for self care in order to sustain life and health, recover from disease or injury and cope with their effects (Fawcett, 2005). When speaking of nursing, Orem uses the terms nursing and nursing agency. Orem described the human being as an integrated whole composed of an internal physical, psychologic, and social nature with varying degrees of self care abilities (Chinn & Kramer, 2004). A human being has the capacity to reflect, symbolize, and use symbols. The concept of health, Orem states is that “health and healthy are terms used to describe living things” (Meleis...
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...Nursing Theorist Timothy Mack University of Phoenix Theories and Models of Nursing Practice NUR/403 Judith Mc Leod July 25, 2010 Nursing Theorist The theorist that I have chosen is Dorothea Orem. This theory describes the role of nursing in helping a patient’s who can no longer care for themselves (Mosby, 2009). The theory is divided into three parts; universal, developmental, and health deviation. Orem’s Theory The universal portion of Orem’s theory consists of the self care that a patient needs to meet their physiologic and psychosocial need. The developmental portion of the theory covers the care when coping through developmental stages, and the health deviation, which cover the care a patient need when theory health has deviated from their normal state. Theory History Dorothea Orem was born in Baltimore Maryland in 1914. After receiving a diploma in nursing, she attended the Providence Hospital School of Nursing earning a BSN degree in 1939. In 1945 he received the MSN degree from Catholic University of America. Dorothea Orem developed her theory in 1959, with the purpose of guiding nurses to assist patients in performing self care. The nurse was to assess the reasons the patient could not perform tasks of their self care and to assess them in discovering ways the patient will be able to meet their self care needs (Potter & Perry, 2009). Orem’s model was designed to assess nurses in assisting a patient to be able to care for their needs. Orem’s...
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...the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides care through acting, guiding, supporting, teaching, and environmental manipulation promoting personal development. Orem developed this theory from her experience and personal connection with the Vincentian-Louisiana nursing tradition of the Daughters of Charity (Libster, 2008.) Roy’s Adaptation Model Roy’s Adaptation Model provides the framework for...
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...“Integrated Theory and Knowledge development in Nursing” process. The SCDNT is an important theory in nursing and helps to guide the nursing process and improve patient care with measurable results. It is also an important theory for developing curriculum in nursing schools and has proved invaluable to care providers when performing self-care for others. 1 In 1959 Dorthea Orem, a nurse from Baltimore, Maryland, developed the theory of Self-Care defined as a condition that “in an adult is the absence of the ability to maintain continuously that amount and quality of self-care which is therapeutic in sustaining life and health, in recovering from disease or injury, or in coping with their effects. With children, the condition is the inability of the parent (or guardian) to maintain continuously for the child the amount and quality of care that is therapeutic “(Orem, 1995, p.53-54). Orem posited that to determine if people need nursing care then it is “ the inability of persons to provide continuously for themselves the amount and quality of required self-care because of situations of personal health” (Orem, 2001, p. 20). It is also a deliberate action that is not innate to human beings; it is a learned behavior and necessary for health maintenance, well-being and to maintain life. An example of a learned behavior would be “potty training” children who have reached that stage of development. Another example would be teaching a client with paralysis the steps for continence care...
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