...Analyse and critically discuss the nature and purpose of the employment relationship for organizations and the relationship between work design, planning, pay and the employment relationship. Explain how expectancy theory; reinforcement theory and equity theory help managers to build an effective pay strategy as part of managing employment relationships Words: 2,695 . Introduction The term ‘employment-relationship’ is interchangeable with others when describing aspects of the overall relationship. According to USQ (2004) this relationship is basically the exchange of work by employees for pay from employers. While the primary relationship is that between the employer-employee, as organisations have evolved, grown in size and number, so too has the diversity of employees, each with their own particular ‘psychological contract’ (Hodgkinson 2003). The purpose of a defined and productive employment relationship is to equitably manage the various relationships, and resolve conflicts (USQ 2004). Breaching this psychological contract potentially will have negative implications for loyalty, motivation, and worker commitment to the organisation (Hislop 2003). This essay will discuss some of the factors in the workplace, which have an effect on the principals at each end of this relationship, and maintaining such diverse relations within a context of equity to each. The objective of business is to increase profits by increasing the effectiveness of production...
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...Running head: INFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGIC PLANNING Information System Strategic Planning, the Cost of Efficiency Student Name University Any Town, Virginia September 2010 Certification and Approval A Directed Research Project on Information System Strategic Planning the Cost of Efficiency: Is there a preferred approach to information systems planning, submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Strayer University in candidacy for the degree of Master’s of Science in Information Systems. Submitted by: _________________________Date: _______________ Approved by: ___________________________ Date: _______________ ABSTRACT Information systems’ planning is often costly to implement and maintain; however, sound planning practices may reduce expenses associated with the development processes. A Formal methodical approach to systems analysis, requirements engineering, systems design, development, and construction may offer a reduction in development and certain aspects of life cycle support expenses. Corporate expenses may reach approximately 5% of their gross income on information systems development and support. This equates to approximately $15,000,000 to $35,000,000 annually (Whitemarsh Information Systems Corp. 2008, p.). Information systems may cost significantly less. In comparison, information systems, contingent upon other factors such as size of the company, and complexity of the information system cost may range anywhere from $2,000,000 to $10,000...
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...Facility Planning Part 2 Pamela Jackson HCS/446 September 28, 2015 Rachel Rivera Facility Planning – Part II Facility planning for a health care organization or outpatient clinic takes on its own unique regulatory requirements. Regulatory requirements are requirements that have been mandated by various federal, states, and local municipalities regarding the operation and safety of business operations as well as services provided. They are the legal fence between education and catastrophe.”The basic regulatory frameworks and acts that govern the present business operations include Sarbanes Oxley Act ([SOX], 2002), Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (1999), and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ([HIPAA], 1996).” (Ezinearticles.com 2012) The main purpose of these regulatory requirements and tools is to ensure that society as a whole reap the benefits through accountability, integrity and confidentiality. The impact on regulatory requirements is based on how they are implemented. Regulatory Requirements Effect on the Design and Equipment Many times when planning a facility for use in an outpatient clinic it is important to research the regulatory requirements for equipment utilized in the care of patients and how it will impact the over all care, safety and wellness of the organization. The design of health care facilities is governed by many regulations and technical requirements. It is also affected by many less defined needs and pressures. The facility must...
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...John Moura Chapter 2: Planning for Security Review Questions 1. Describe the essential parts of planning. How does the existence of resource constraints affect the need for planning? Answer: Organizational planning, described below, and Contingency planning, which focuses on planning or unforeseen events. Organizations must be able to forecast their needs relative to available resources as best they can to insure best decision making. 2. What are the three common layers of planning? How do they differ? Answer: Strategic – lays out long term goals, Tactical – more short term focus, Operational – daily and on-going operation goals 3. Who are the stakeholders? Why is it important to consider their views when planning? Answer: Stakeholders are individuals, groups of individuals, or organization that have a ‘stake’ or are affected by organizational decisions. When planning, an organization must take into consideration all stakeholders in order to evaluate planning decisions properly and resourcefully. 4. What is a mission statement? Why is it important? What does it contain? Answer: Mission statement – explicitly explains what the organizations business is and its intended areas of operations. 5. What is a vision statement? Why is it important? What does it contain? Answer: Vision statement – expresses what the organization wants to be 6. What is a values statement? Why...
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...Phoenix. All rights reserved. Ontario Learning Center Course Description This course applies planning and controlling concepts to increase the value of the supply chain. Students learn to evaluate and improve processes. Other topics include process selection, process design, and theory of constraints, project implementation, capacity planning, lean production, facility location, and business forecasting. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Chase, R. B., Jacobs, F. R., & Aquilano, N. J. (2006). Operations management for competitive advantage (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill/Irwin. All electronic materials are available on the student website. |Week One: Process Selection and Design...
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...Introduction Organizations must learn how to build and implement systems to remain competitive. Software that is built correctly can support agile organizations and can transform as the organization and its business transforms. Software that effectively meets client’s needs will help an organization become more productive and enhance decision making. Software that does not meet client’s needs may have a damaging effect on productivity and can even cause a business to fail. Employee involvement along with using the right implementation methodology when developing software is critical to the success of an organization History The Systems Life Cycle (SLC) is a type of methodology used to describe the process for building information systems, intended to develop information systems in a very deliberate, structured and methodical way , reiterating each stage of the life cycle. The systems development life cycle, according to Elliott & Strachan & Radford (2004), " originated in the 1960s, to develop large scale functional business systems in an age of large scale business conglomerates. Information systems activities revolved around heavy data processing and number crunching routines" . Several systems development frameworks have been partly based on SDLC, such as the Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM) produced for the UK government Office of Government Commerce in the 1980s.Eversince, according to Elliott (2004), " the traditional...
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...Lovely Professional University, Punjab Course Code MGT519 Course Category Course Title OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Courses with numerical and conceptual focus Course Planner 16031::Gurpreet Kaur Lectures 3.0 Tutorials Practicals Credits 1.0 0.0 4.0 TextBooks Sr No T-1 Title Operations Management Reference Books Sr No R-1 R-2 Other Reading Sr No OR-1 OR-2 OR-3 OR-4 OR-5 OR-6 OR-7 OR-8 OR-9 OR-10 OR-11 OR-12 Journals articles as Compulsary reading (specific articles, complete reference) The four things that a service Business must get right HBR Article , Bang & Olufsen Design Driven Innovation : HBR , Smart Product Design : HBR , Mishina, Kazuhiro. Toyota Motor Manufacturing, U.S.A., Inc. HBS Case No. 9-693-019. Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, 1995. , Hammond, Janice H. Barilla SpA (A). HBS Case No. 9-694-046. Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, 1994. , Latour, Almar. Nokia Handles Supply Shock with Aplomb as Ericsson of Sweden Gets Burned. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 2001. , National Cranberry Cooperative HBS #688122. From Case Map , John Crane UK Ltd Case : The CAD CAM Link . HBS #691021,24p , To Move or not to Move .Case of Cathay Pacific Airways . University of Hong Kong HBS #HKU003,22p , Note on Quality: The Views of Deming, Juran, and Crosby HBS .687011 , Process Control at Polaroid , HBS, #693047 , LL Bean Item Forecasting and Inventory Management HBS, #893003, 5p , Johson Control Automotive Systems , HBS,#69308623p , Title Operations...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION : 1.1 Definition Terry has defined planning in terms of future course of action. He says that: “Planning is the selection and relating of facts and making and using of assumptions regarding the future in the visualization and formalization of proposed activities believed necessary to achieve desired result”. A plan is a blueprint for goal achievement that specifies the necessary resource allocations, schedules, tasks, and other actions. A goal is a desired future state that the organization attempts to realize. Goals are important because an organization exists for a purpose, and goals define and state that purpose. Goals specify future ends; plans specify today's means. The word planning incorporates both ideas: It means determining the organization's goals and defining the means for achieving them. Planning allows managers the opportunity to adjust to the environment instead of merely reacting to it. Planning increases the possibility of survival in business by actively anticipating and managing the risks that may occur in the future. In short, planning is preparing for tomorrow, today. It's the activity that allows managers to determine what they want and how they will achieve it. Not only does planning provide direction and a unity of purpose for organizations, it also answers six basic questions in regard to any activity: • • • • What needs to be accomplished? When is the deadline? Where will this be done? Who will be responsible for it? •...
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...Supply Chain Network Analysis and Design: Location Analysis PROC 5820 7 May 2014 Summary The principal thesis of this paper is to discuss location analysis and its role in supply chain network analysis and design. The emphasis of site location is of strategic importance to all organizations seeking to maximize profits and minimize costs. The logistics/supply chain network design has six major planning steps in the process of designing a comprehensive logistics/supply chain network: The first step is to define the logistics/supply chain design process. The second step is to perform a logistics/supply chain audit. The third step is to examine the logistics/supply chain network alternatives. The fourth step is to conduct a facility location analysis, followed by the fifth step, which is to make decisions regarding network and facility location. The sixth and final step is to develop an implementation plan. Location analysis is also discussed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of globalization and major location site factors. The discussion then describes the methods for evaluating major location site factors and making location decisions based on the evaluation. The paper concludes with discussing different modeling approaches and the need for comprehensive planning. (Reid and Sanders, 2010) (Coyle, J., Langley, C., Novak, R., Gibson, B. 2013) Introduction As stated by Jeff Karrenbauer...
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.......................................................................................... 4 1. PROCESS AND PROCESS APPROACH................................................................... 4 1.1. 1.2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS .............................................................................................................................. 4 PROCESS APPROACH IMPACT ......................................................................................................................... 5 2. PROCESS PLANNING .......................................................................................... 6 2.1. 2.2. PROCESS ESTABLISHMENT ............................................................................................................................. 6 PROCESS ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................................................... 7 3. CUSTOMER-FOCUSED ORGANIZATION ................................................................. 7 4. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ......................................................................... 7 4.1. GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................... 7 4.2. DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................................................... 9 4.2.1. General ..............
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...What is management? Organization and coordination of the activities of an enterprise in accordance with certain policies and in achievement of clearly defined objectives. Management is often included as a factor of production along with machines, materials, and money. According to the management guru Peter Drucker (1909-2005), the basic task of a management is twofold: marketing and innovation. Practice of modern management owes its origin to the 16th century enquiry into low-efficiency and failures of certain enterprises, conducted by the English statesman Sir Thomas More (1478-1535). Directors and managers who have the power and responsibility to make decisions to manage an enterprise. As a discipline, management comprises of the interlocking functions of formulating corporate-policy and organizing, planning, controlling, and directing the firm's resources to achieve the policy's objectives. The size of management can range from one person in a small firm to hundreds or thousands of managers in multinational companies. In large firms the board of directors formulates the policy which is implemented by the chief executive officer. Some business analysts and financiers accord the highest importance to the quality and experience of the managers in evaluating an organizations current and future worth. The field of management deals with organizations. Our society could not exist or improve its present status without managers to guide it organizations. Thirty years ago, Peter...
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...Shaquita Wilson Grantham University August 21, 2012 According to Haag, System development life cycle is a step- by-step approach for developing information systems. Development of systems does create improved database systems for utilization. Written criteria and processes must guide all information systems processing functions. There are several phases that will be discussed such as planning, analysis, design, and implementation. In this paper evidences that will primarily be socially impacted will be discussed as well. System development does have significant impact in any industry. One must be able to strategically plan appropriately in order for it to be a success. Planning within an organization can be very time consuming, planning takes a lot of thought, and consideration. A manager must first put the organization first when planning because it can affect the business if not planned correctly. A manager must determine what the company goals are, and be able to achieve the company’s goal. Organization goals are normally established by the company policies on how they expect their business should run, and the manager is to plan a strategy to meet the company expectation. Analysis places an important role in reconstructing systems using information systems. According to Wikipedia, the goal of system analysis is to determine where the problem is in an attempt to fix the system. This step involves breaking down the system in different pieces to analyze the...
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...cycle (SDLC). These phases include systems planning and selection, systems analysis, system design, and system implementation and operation. The first phase is system planning and selection, which identifies the need for building information systems. This phase also covers the scope, cost, and schedule of building information systems. The second phase is the systems analysis phase, which is the actual study of the current procedures and the requirements needed. The third phase is system design, which is broken into two parts called the logical design and physical design. The logical design concentrates on the business aspect of the system, whereas the physical design pertains to the technical specifications. Finally, the fourth phase is the system implementation and operation phase. This phase implements the system by installing the hardware or software of the system. Other forms of implementation include programming, user training, and documentation. 2. If someone at a party asked me what a business/systems analyst was and why anyone would want to be one, I would first explain what a business/systems analyst is. I would tell them that a business analyst studies the problems and needs of an organization and determines the best approach to solving those needs. I would also tell them it is a job worth wanting because it is one of the best technology jobs in the field today. 3. It is important to use systems analysis and design methodologies when building a system because...
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...commercialization of new products. The stages for NPD consist of planning, design and prototype, production and pilot production, distribution, sales and marketing, and after sales servicing stages. Although there is a logical progression through the stages, after a product is developed, the cycle is continuous in order to promote improvement. Different phases of the projects rotate through the NPD cycle at the discretion of senior management. Planning Planning stages of NPD project are usually geared toward international business when feasible in order to increase geographical markets and market potential. With an increased market potential, the NPD investment decisions become more salable (Terpstra & Sarathy, 1991). Concept development occurs during the planning stages and includes new product and process ideas from many sources. Inputs from all areas of the organization, customers, noncustomers, suppliers and external research organizations are taken into consideration for new product concepts. The organization constantly expands its knowledge base and access to information to increase the number of new product and process ideas considered for development. Instituting procedures and incentives that encourage innovation and input from all parts of the organization continually increase the number of product concepts considered. The aggregate project plan is considered during the planning stages. The organization uses its process capacity to calculate the number and size...
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...motivated to improve their performance. Now a day’s organization have looked at Human Resource Management as a denote to contribute to profitability, quality, maximum utilization of resources and other organization goals (Noe, Hollenbeck, Grehart, & Wright, 1994). There are many ways by which employee can be low morale or disengaged with their work like no job security, downsizing in the organization, not satisfied with their work etc. HR Manager should take major steps to increase morale and should always try to motivate employee. Disengaged and demotivated worked directly affect to the goals and success of an organization. This essay aims on motivating performance and engaging worker in his work through job design, recruitment, selection, diversity, etc and the ways by which HR manager can reduces disincentives of an employee from their work. This essay focuses on the morale, motivation and enthusiasm of workers in organisations will be a much bigger challenge in the future so what human resource strategies a company can adopt to meet these challenges. Firstly the essay will identify the reason of low morale and disengagement of worker. Then how they will affect the goals of an organization and reduces the quality of the product. Finally the essay will aim on the different steps that an HR Manager can take to reduce low morale and disengagement of worker. Jobs and goal setting can improve performance of organization by well design jobs. It is proposed by Garg & Rastogi (2006)...
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