...Organizational Behavior W. Jack Duncan Book review Meera Iyer Chapters 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Organizational behavior: defining the field Historical perspective Methodological foundations of organizational behavior Personality development and attitudes The cognitive basis of individual behavior Motivation: Theory and selected research Introduction to small group behavior Leadership behavior and effectiveness Intergroup analysis: Co-ordination and conflict The organization and the individual Environments, organizations and behavior Power relations in organizations Performance evaluation and organizational effectiveness Planned change and organizational development This book is about organizational behavior. It is also a text on management. The objective of the book is to present a research based approach to management from an applied behavioral science perspective. I have summarized each chapter of the book, explaining the main points that the authors wish to communicate. © www.hrfolks.com All Rights Reserved Organizational behavior – Defining the field Organizations are collections of interacting and inter related human and non-human resources working toward a common goal or set of goals within the framework of structured relationships. Organizational behavior is concerned with all aspects of how organizations influence the behavior of individuals and how individuals in turn influence organizations. Organizational behavior is an inter-disciplinary...
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...ATTITUDES AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS Nancy Hoosier Rasmussen College Author Note This research is being submitted on October 6, 2012 for Nancy Hoosier’s B370 Organizational Behavioral Analysis Course. In this assignment we will be going over four main objectives. The first one being what are some challenges and opportunities for Organizational Behavior. The second point we will discuss will be what are the main components of attitudes and how consistent are they. The fourth will be defining the self-perception theory. Some of the different challenges and opportunities for Organizational Behavior are employees aging, corporate downsizing, temporary working employees, and global competition. Managing workforce diversity is a huge challenge now in this day and age. For managers OB offers insights to improve a manager’s people skills, and helps to see the value of workforce diversity. (Robbins & Judge, 2010) The three main components of attitude are Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral. These components are all very closely related. An example of the Cognitive Component would be my supervisor playing favorites. This would be very unfair. The component Affective example would be a feeling of disliking your supervisor. And Behavioral results...
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...4. Which of the following is best defined as a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, which functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals? a. party b. unit c. team d. community e. organization (e; Easy; Organization; p. 6) 49. In order to predict human behavior with any degree of accuracy, what sort of variables must be taken into account? a. global b. general c. dependent d. non-reactive e. contingency (e; Moderate; Contingency Variables; p. 16) 30. Operant conditioning argues that _____. a. behavior is reflexive b. behavior is unlearned c. behavior is a function of its consequences d. the tendency to repeat a behavior is very strong e. the tendency to repeat a behavior is instinctual (c; Moderate; Operant Conditioning; p. 56) 38. Social learning theory would best describe the learning in what situation? a. An employee works through lunch several days in a row after being told by her boss that she will receive extra pay. b. A man learns how to perform yoga by watching a videotape of a yoga teacher. c. A child always addresses his grandmother politely after he is given candy as a reward for his good manners. d. A man stops wearing brightly colored shirts to work after being teased for doing so by his co-workers. e. A postal worker’s pulse...
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...Organizational behavior is the field of study that investigates how organizational structures affect behavior within organizations. It studies the impact individuals, groups, and structures have on human behavior within organizations. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes sociology, psychology, communication, and management. Those who apply organizational behavior to their business usually start by simply studying employees. They may look at their overall attitudes and habits to determine what may need to change. Some concrete details they may gather include facts about productivity, turnover rates and absenteeism, all of which can tell a lot about employee attitudes. Once they collect some observations, they can satisfy one of the goals of organizational behavior, which is to explain the attitude of employees. The field of organizational behavior has a number of commonly agreed upon goals. Chief among these are effectively predicting, explaining and managing behavior that occurs in organizations. Some of these include describing systematically how people behave under a variety of conditions, understanding why people behave as they do, controlling and developing human activity at work and predicting future employees’ behaviors. The study of Organizational Behavior has proved beneficial in many ways. Some of these benefits include enhancing organizational and individual effectiveness, skill development, personal growth such...
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...Organizational Behavior W. Jack Duncan Book review Meera Iyer Chapters 1. Organizational behavior: defining the field 2. Historical perspective 3. Methodological foundations of organizational behavior 4. Personality development and attitudes 5. The cognitive basis of individual behavior 6. Motivation: Theory and selected research 7. Introduction to small group behavior 8. Leadership behavior and effectiveness 9. Intergroup analysis: Co-ordination and conflict 10. The organization and the individual 11. Environments, organizations and behavior 12. Power relations in organizations 13. Performance evaluation and organizational effectiveness 14. Planned change and organizational development This book is about organizational behavior. It is also a text on management. The objective of the book is to present a research based approach to management from an applied behavioral science perspective. I have summarized each chapter of the book, explaining the main points that the authors wish to communicate. © www.hrfolks.com All Rights Reserved Organizational behavior – Defining the field Organizations are collections of interacting and inter related human and non-human resources working toward a common goal or set of goals within the framework of structured relationships. Organizational behavior is concerned with all aspects of how organizations influence the behavior of individuals and how individuals...
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...How do people react to those bases? What changes would you recommend? Honestly all types of power are used in softball. The coach generally has personal power; they have legitimate power as a coach. The coach also has expert power because the coach has played at various levels. The coach also has reward power; if the team does well then they are rewards in different ways. People can react differently, but they normally respect at least one of the powers mentioned above. There isn’t any change I would recommend. 3. Review the definition of organizational politics. Can an organization be totally free of political behavior? What would it be like? How could you make it happen? In my opinion it can’t. In every successful business there is some form of politics, good or bad. Its not what you know its who you know; that stands very true in the city of Thomasville, GA and many around the region, especially in our economic condition. If organizational politics could be used in a positive manner then I see it as beneficial. When it is used in a negative manner (in most cases) I see it as hurting the company. More people are worried about their self and their advancement that they throw anyone and everyone under the bus in order to move...
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...Organizational Behavior Paper Linda C. O’Neal MGT/312 - ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR FOR MANAGERS June 1, 2015 Professor Tina Emrich Organizational Behavior The study of organizational behavior is an academic discipline concerned with describing, understanding, predicting, and controlling human behavior in an organizational environment. Organizational behavior has evolved from early classical management theories into a complex school of thought—and it continues to change in response to the dynamic environment and proliferating corporate cultures in which today's businesses operate. Crafting an organization that functions as efficiently as possible is a difficult task. Understanding the behavior of a single person is a challenge. Understanding the behavior of a group of people, each one with a complex relationship with the others in the group is an even more difficult undertaking. It is, however a worthy undertaking because ultimately the work of an organization is done through the behavior driven actions of people, individually or collectively, on their own or in collaboration with technology. Therefore, a central part of the management task is the management of organizational behavior. The Behavioral Sciences Organizational behavior scientists study four primary areas of behavioral science: individual behavior, group behavior, organizational structure, and organizational processes. They investigate many facets of these areas like personality and perception, attitudes...
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...Organizational behavior process in the workplace includes knowledge of the understanding of perception and its link to learning, emotions and attitude, and organizational culture. With perception and learning these two primary activities in human behavior are important aspects in the workplace. These elements are always around us; how one is perceived is a major factor in the workplace. In society there is a process on how we break ourselves and others down by belonging to different societal groups like culture, gender, or profession. Human being inherently want to feel good about themselves even in the workplace and associate with the groups that tend to make them feel that way. Through the use of interactive learning tools such as training, meaningful interaction, and accountability employers are minimizing the biasing effects of stereotyping and making to wrong judgments based on perception. “Organizing people and objects into preconceived categories that are stored in our long term memory” (McShane & Von Glinow, 2010, p.70). A final perceptual activity about a person can influences their behavior to act in a consistent manner with those beliefs. There are perceptual errors found in the workplace which managers must strive to minimize perceptual biases by improving perceptions through empathy and self-awareness. There are three fundamental ways in which we learn: behavior modification which is learning through reinforcement, social learning theory which is learning...
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...Motivational Problems at Work Alan Hodge BUS610: (MFB1229B) Organizational Behavior Instructor: Donnie Smith 30 July 2012 Motivational Problems at Work What is motivation? Motivation is the need, act instance or force that provides for a reason to do something or to act a certain way, basically it is the reason or desire to do things (PyschToday, 2012).Therefore, all behavior is some type of motivation, even the act of doing nothing is a motivation, and this motivation can be positive or negative. Also these motivations can be broken down into two groups, internal and external motivation. Usually both types are involved with both positive and negative type actions, but this short paper will look at the some external motivational problems and how they affect work and work performance. Needs When looking at motivational factors one of the first things that must be understood is how the needs of one can drive or act against their work motivation. These needs can be broken into three categories and they are: * Required or primary needs – these needs are required for all human beings. Although their intensity may differ slightly, they are still there in the form of food, sleep, air to breathe etc. * Secondary or important needs – these are the needs of security and love, the feeling of safety and want. * General or desired needs – these are the needs of fun, laughter, fulfillment, the need of enjoyment and wants. These needs are just basic categorizing and...
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...Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR PAPER Organizational Behavior Paper University of Phoenix MGT 307 April Organizational Behavior Paper Organizational behavior is very important to company’s since the behavior of the company reflects on the company’s performance. Organizational behavior to a company can also be called the companies ethics, which allows individuals to understand what ethics are being held by the company through organizational culture, behavior, diversity and the organizations communication styles. Organizational culture play a major role in an organization, it is considered the foundation, format and beliefs of the organization. A true definition of organizational culture is a set of beliefs, values, and personalities that represent the unique character of an organization. An attributes that contribute to organizational culture and is very important is respect in the organization no matter race. Respect is what allows people to communicate; respect within each other allows growth and shared knowledge. Employee pride is also a great attribute for a company to maintain, the higher employee morale is the more productivity there is within the company and its employees. A company the shows great company morale is McDonald’s employees. McDonald’s emphasis to its employees to always have a smile, greet customers and have an inviting attitude to want the consumer to come back. McDonald’s ensures...
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...of plans to integrate and coordinate activities. As the organizing function, the designing an organization’s structure could be noticed. As an example: they should organize who reports to whom, who has to deal with costumers, what takes are to be done and so on. As the leading function, managers should motivate employees, direct their activities and find out the most effective communication ways. As the controlling function, managers must control organizations performance and compare it with previously set goal. If the things are not going as they planed the manager should find the way how to make it better or how should work harder. 3. What is organizational behavior (OB)? Answer: Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness. To make it a general...
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...Organizational Behaviors Mgt/307 May 10, 2012 Organizational Behaviors The internal environment of an organization influences practices of strong beliefs and standards of its members. These shared behaviors are associated with organizational culture. An organization cultures is also defined by exhibiting resilient of cultures values that strengthens the organizations goals. These goals help communicate and define the organization values and visions. The organization that exhibits this behavior practices perform well with, high achievement, collaboration, and encouragement between team members and advancement. Displaying these behavior cultures creates a work environment that will engage its members and leaders experience a strong diverse organizational culture. This will also exhibit clear and concise direction for its members. In an organizational structure, there are three alternate types of organizational cultures which consist of the passive defensive cultures, constructive culture, and the aggressive defensive cultures. In a passive defensive cultures associate tend to display guarded and defensive behavior in their actions. Passive defensive cultures feel they need to secure their space in their interactions. This even means defecting from their beliefs in order to be effective in the organization. This particular organizational culture associates tend to please others especially managerial staff to elude interpersonal encounters. They focus on rules,...
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...Discuss some differences between organizational culture and organizational climate. Organizational culture depicts an “unwritten set of rules, attitudes, practices, beliefs” and mores that are the basic foundational principle of the organization. It affects the way members interact with each other, their customers and stakeholders outside of the company. It would be fair to also surmise that the organizational culture serves to determine the reputation of the firm. Culture includes history, people management style, leadership, performance evaluation system, and a specific set of values and norms shared by individuals and groups in the organization. Organizational climate (also referred to as “corporate climate”) describes the very subjective perception and morale about the firm. Some of the factors may include team functioning, relationship between staff and management, clarity of purpose and roles. Organizational culture differs from organizational climate in that the former is deep and stable, whereas, the latter is a recurring set of behaviors, feelings and attitude that characterizes everyday life in the organization. However, organizational climate “highlights a high level of variability across different cross-sections of the department”2. In order to improve the climate in the organization, the culture has to be cognizant of the factors contributing to the atmosphere in the work-place. Give at least one example of some aspect of each in a place where you have worked...
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...Chapter 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, students should be able to: 1. Demonstrate the importance of interpersonal skills in the workplace. 2. Describe the manager’s functions, roles, and skills. 3. Define organizational behavior (OB). 4. Show the value to OB of systematic study. 5. Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB. 6. Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB. 7. Identify the challenges and opportunities managers have in applying OB concepts. 8. Compare the three levels of analysis in this book’s OB model. Instructor Resources Instructors may wish to use the following resources when presenting this chapter. Learning Catalytics Questions: Instructor Directions and Follow-Up Organizational Behavior Concept | LC Question | Instructor Directions and Follow-Up | Management skills and managerial activities | Refer to the allocation of activities by time for average, successful, and effective managers. Prioritize how you spend your time as a college student. | This is a good discussion starter on managerial activities and what is important. First, make the connection for students between activities that managers spend their time on and similar activities that college students spend their time on. Next, display results from the class and compare with the Luthans results. For example: * Traditional management = making decisions, planning...
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...Table of Contents 1. Understand the relationship between organizational structure and culture: 2 1.1 Compare and contrast different organizational structure and cultures: 2 1.2 Explain how the relationship between an organization’s structure and culture can impact on the performance of the business: 4 1.3 Discuss the factors which influence individual behavior at work: 4 2. Understand different approaches to management and leadership: 5 2.1 Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizations: 5 2.2 Explain how organizational theory underpins the practice of management: 5 2.3 Evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organizations: 6 3. Understand ways of using motivational theories in organizations 7 3.1 Discuss the impact that different leadership styles may have on motivation in organizations in period of change: 7 3.2 Compare the application of different motivational theories within the workplace: 8 3.3 Evaluate the usefulness of a motivation theory for managers: 9 4. Understand mechanism for developing effective teamwork in organizations 10 4.1 Explain the nature of groups and group behavior within organizations: 10 4.2 Discuss factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in organizations: 10 4.3 evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organization: 11 References: 12 Introduction: Organization is the combination of people for...
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