...IDP Unit 3: Introduction to Organisational Behaviour Learning Outcomes You should be able to explain at least two of the following at the end of the session: • Define organizational behavior (OB). • Explain why managers require knowledge of OB. • Identify the contributions made by major behavioral science disciplines to OB. What is organisational behaviour? • It examines the impact individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within the organisation, and how that knowledge can be applied in order to achieve the aims and objectives of the organisation (Robbins 2009) ! • An interdisciplinary body of knowledge and field of research which examines how organisations, behaviour of people within organisations, and salient features of their context and environment, evolve and take shape, why all these things happen the way they do, and what purposes they serve (Buchanan and Huczynski 2010) What is an Organisation? • A social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals (Robbins 2009) Features of an organisation • Social arrangements : organisations are often classified as social arrangement with a clear set of objectives of achieving controlled performance in pursuit of collective goals ! • Controlled performance: Organisations must set standards, be able to measure performance, compare actual with standard, and take collective action...
Words: 492 - Pages: 2
...Organizational Behavior As part of an organization, employers and employees are constantly posed with challenges of making the rational decisions so as to reach an optimal outcome for the business. However, research has repeatedly demonstrated that in the real world, most decision making in organizations are not completely rational. Person perception is the main issue in organizational behavior and decision making for the fact that based on M.J. Martinko et al.’s (2007) assertion the limited information or immediate impressions of employee performance could result in an inaccurate perceptual judgment made by the employers. In an attempt to explain the ways in which people form perceptions about each other, this essay will examine the influence of the attribution theory towards decision-making and illustrate three common biases and errors that distort the attribution formation through the application of three mini-case. This essay will also discuss the importance of attribution theory in relation to organizational behavior as well as decision-makers in organizations. Attribution theory is concerned with how individuals perceive and infer causality (Robert E. Ployhart and Crystal M. Harold, 2004). Johns et al. (2007) also state that the attribution theory is an attempt when individuals observe behavior to determine whether it is internally or externally caused. Internally caused behaviors refer to the behaviors which are under individual control while externally caused...
Words: 1239 - Pages: 5
...MASTER OF BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATION 2015 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR Student’s Name : Amira Nadia Raup Lecturer’s Name : Assoc. Prof Dr Fatima M Lawal Student’s Name : Amira Nadia Raup Lecturer’s Name : Assoc. Prof Dr Fatima M Lawal 1. Describe how the field of organizational behaviour today is being shaped by the global economic, increasing racial and ethnic diversity in the workforce, and advances in technology Due to economic globalization, many organizations are now operating around the world. It adds a new dimension to multinational operations because it involves the distinction environments, social, political and economic. Therefore, communication and control becomes more difficult. The global economic, increasing racial and ethnic diversity in the workplace, and advances in technology are major driving forces creating and shaping changes on organisational behaviour field today. These factors were equally important and can affect the performance and the company's workforce. Changes in an organization will involve "3P" test performance, productivity and profitability of the organization. Generally people are difficult to accept any changes and more reactive and not responsive. Callan(1992) says that during the time of great change in strategy and organization structure, employees can experience high levels of stress affecting their work and the...
Words: 2535 - Pages: 11
...Introduction This paper attempts to understand the link between Motivation within the Organization and its Cultural dimensions as it relates to behavior on individuals. In doing so the author will discuss what Mullins (2013) referred to as Content theories of motivation and show the relationship between such factors on the structure of organizations. Two Content theories will be discussed, which are Maslow’s (1943) Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s (1959) Two Factor Theory and the cultural aspect of motivation as mentioned by Handy (1989) and Hofstede (1980) will show the relationship between organizational culture and individuals. The information sort for this discussion will be from various secondary sources such as, academic journals, reference books and the website. The main purpose of this paper is to understand the dilemma faced by executives in organizations that are plagued by the performance and motivational issues of individuals that contribute inefficiency. Discussion Motivation of an individual can be “Intrinsic or Extrinsic” by nature and can be viewed as “the driving force within individuals by which they attempt to achieve some goal in order to fulfill some need or expectation” Mullins (2013). Organizations have learnt that the “correct design of structure is significant in determining the performance of the organization” Drucker (1989) and aids in the encouragement of motivation. This design is guided by what Burns and Stalker (1966) has termed Organic...
Words: 1145 - Pages: 5
...Organisational Behaviour Organisational Behaviour By Natalie Hands-Siviter Tutor; Julian Billingham Course; HND Business November ‘15 Table of contents Page: Introduction ……………………………………………...................................................................3 Terms of reference …………………………………………………………………………………………………...3 Research methods ……………………………………………………………………………………………………4 Google’s background …………………………………………………………………………………………………5 Tesco’s background ……………………………………………………………………………………………………5 Analysis of organisational structure Google’s organisational structure ……………………………………………………………………………....6 Tesco’s organisational structure ………………………………………………………………………………….7 Comparison of Google’s and Tesco’s structure …………………………………………………….........8 Analysis of organisational culture Google’s organisational culture …………………………………………………………………………………..9 Tesco’s organisational culture ……………………………………………………………………………………..10 Comparison of Google’s and Tesco’s organisational culture ………………………………………..11 Organisational Theory’s ………………………………………………………………………………………………..12 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………13 Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………14 Introduction One of the biggest problems in today’s world for managers is managing the people. This is the reason many managers and owners need a good working organisational...
Words: 3731 - Pages: 15
...Qualification Higher National Diploma in Business Module code and title B403: Organisations and Behaviour Level and credit value Level 4, 15 credits Issue date 14/10/2014 Hand in deadline Midday, 6th January 2016 Presentation/Viva Date (if applicable) n/a Examiner name Ritchie Mehta Assessment overview As part of this assignment students are required to produce a 4,000 – 5,000 word report for the board, specifically focussing on the following four sections Section 1: Culture at FacileAvion Section 2: Management and leadership at FacileAvion Section 3: Motivation at FacileAvion Section 4: Effective teamwork Scenario/Vocational Context The assignment for the Organisation Behaviour module is project based on the following scenario: You work for FacileAvion the largest low cost airline operating in Europe. There has recently been a change of management at the board level and they are looking at how they can improve employee engagement over the next few years. The new Board have noticed that employee satisfaction feedback scores have consistently been decreasing over the last year and would like you to carry out an analysis as to the reasons and provide recommendations. Task 1 (this task provides evidence for LO 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) Section 1: Culture at FacileAvion Discuss the role of culture by focussing on the following areas: Compare and contrast different organizational cultures and structures (1.1) Explain how the relationship between organisation structure and culture...
Words: 1925 - Pages: 8
...SOSC 2140 Behaviour in Organization: Module 1 Question 1: Following the way that concepts are used on this course, why might we expect obedience to be higher than compliance? provide specific examples. Obedience and compliance are used in a different way in this course than they are usually used. Obedience means “ following direct instructions from someone with legitimate authority”. Compliance is “following formal legitimate rules and procedures in the absence of direct instruction.” Studies such as The Milgram Experiments indicates that people tend to follow direct instructions more than they do with the indirect ones. when people get direct instructions, they get the feeling that those instructions are aimed toward them and they have been warned personally. Also, under surveillance, people are under the pressure that they are being watched and they will get caught if they break those instructions. On the other hand, when the instructions are indirect, people have the assumption that those instructions are not important or less important than the direct ones. Moreover, some people believe that breaking those rules may have no consequences due to the lack of surveillance. As an example, in Douglas College there are signs in every classroom that say “ No Food, No drinks”. following this would and example of compliance, yet most students and instructors do not follow this rule because they feel it is not important and there is no consequences to breaking it. On the...
Words: 582 - Pages: 3
...an organisation stating advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Identify and describe the different types of organisation structures and the argument for and against the structures of Tarmac and enterprise. Understanding an organisation means understanding its culture (Open university, website) Organisation culture can be define as a group of specific elements, these elements are the foundation and roots of this specific group its beliefs, values, norms, language, symbols, effort, reward, rites, myths. These elements of Organisation culture can be classified according to (D Rollinson, Organisational Behaviour and analyses) as internal and external elements that have worked well to be considered valuable. based on his analyses; other disciplines may be involved such as anthropology, sociology and social psychology, his argument was based on the pattern of behaviours and ways that people do communicate and interact, so organisation’s culture are carried in people’s minds. He illustrated (page 539) Shein’s layered conceptualisation of culture, the diagram shows on first level the basic assumption of the individuals and the firm and the decision makers and on the layer above values and beliefs, honesty, basic of reward, effort and trust and last is the external level of the artefacts and creations which covers norms and language, myths, stories, taboos, symbols. Various types of organisation culture: From the previous approach we can extract the two elements that may...
Words: 4474 - Pages: 18
...Organizational Behavior Overview Organizational behavior seeks to explain the function of complex organizations and predict the outcomes of changes to their components or underlying dynamics. It is most often applied to private-sector businesses, but it can also be used to describe the dynamics of government agencies, religious organizations and even municipalities. The study of organizational behavior requires a multi-disciplinary approach that draws upon decades’ worth of sociological and psychological research. As opposed to human resource management and its related field of study, which focuses on recognizing individual actors’ motivations and controlling their behavior accordingly, the academics and business professionals who explore the science of organizational behavior seek to explain the broader outcomes that these actors produce. Organizational behavior can be broken into two broad categories: “micro-level” dynamics and “macro-level” outcomes. The former concerns the interactions of individuals within small groups tied to a larger organization while the latter concerns the interplay of entire organizations within a sector or industry. Organisational Behaviour: What You Need to Know The study of organizational behavior is a by-product of the Industrial Revolution. Although nominal theories of efficiency have existed since ancient times, early-modern economist Adam Smith is generally considered to be the grandfather of organizational behavior. His seminal work on...
Words: 12212 - Pages: 49
...newagepublishers.com CONTENTS xvii Dedicated to My Parents Shri Gopalrao and Gayabai Kondalkar This page intentionally left blank Preface Globalisation, technology advancement, open market system and desire of human beings to excel in the field one works has increased competitiveness and resultant work stress. Management of human behaviour and chanalizing it into correct direction has become important. Application of motivational theories, art of leadership and skill of redesigning jobs and modification to organisational structure is an on going process that facilitates positive work environment leading to increased job satisfaction of employees, greater productivity and organizational growth. Due to scientific advancement managing human resources is more challenging. It has been observed that everybody wants to catch up with next higher strata of life style. Social obligations have increased and so has increased the purchasing power, thanks to financial institutions who are doing a tremendous business of financing individuals. This situation has led to designing an appropriate situational model of managing human behaviour in varying conditions. There is no specific model for...
Words: 149242 - Pages: 597
...Organizational Behaviour (BAM – 317) Assignment Topic: * Group Dynamics with example. * Current trends in the field of organizational behaviour. Submitted to - Mr P. S. Lakhawat Submission date -: 18th March’2015 Submitted by -: Himanshu Sharan P.Id -: 12BTCSE052 Stream -: B.Tech CSE 6th Sem. * Group Dynamics with example Kurt Lewin a social psychologist and change management expert, is credited with coining the term "group dynamics" in the early 1940s. He noted that people often take on distinct roles and behaviours when they work in a group. "Group dynamics" describes the effects of these roles and behaviours on other group members, and on the group as a whole. The phrase "Group Dynamics" contains two words -: I. Group- a social unit of two or more individuals who have in common a set of beliefs and values, follow the same norms and work for an establishable common aim. The members of the group share a set of common purpose, tasks or goals. II. Dynamics- the flow of, coherent activities which as envisaged, will lead the group towards the establishment of its set goals. Group dynamics deals with the attitudes and behavioural patterns of a group. Group dynamics concern how groups...
Words: 3913 - Pages: 16
...An Assignment On Organizational Behaviour 1 Table of Contents Introduction: ............................................................................................................................... 3 Task: 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1.1 Organisation structure and culture of ASDA PLC and British airlines: .......................... 4 1.2 Asda’s structure and culture impacts on its performance: ............................................... 5 1.3 Factors that influence the behaviour of ASDA’s employees at work: ............................. 6 Task: 2 ........................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Effectiveness of the leadership styles used by ASDA and British airways: .................... 8 2.2 Organizational theory practiced at ASDA & how it strengthens management practice: 9 2.3 Management approach used by ASDA and British airways:......................................... 10 Task 3 ....................................................................................................................................... 11 3.1 Impact of Different Leadership Styles on Motivation during Changes: ........................ 11 3.2 Motivational Theories: ............................................................................
Words: 4851 - Pages: 20
...Class: MBA 602 Organizational Behavior and Management From: Chitra Arivalagan (770099290) To: Dr. Maria Nathan Writing Assignment-1 Strategic Design at Dynacorp 1. If you were on the Dynacorp task force, what would be your first choice for an alternative design? What would be your second choice?. Answer: If I am on the Dynacorp task force, my first choice for an alternative design would be front /back structure of strategic design. This structure divides the organization into two parts such that the back end products which include engineering, manufacturing and the logistics and the front end is faced by the marketing and sales division. As Dynacorp is spread across the US and as well as the world, this front/back structure will also support the various divisions spread across the globe. Each country where Dynacorp wants to expand itself can have its marketing and sales division and the manufacturing division can be located in a country where the production costs would be as lower as possible. This would be an advantage by lowering the production costs and increasing the profit of Dynacorp. The marketing division, which becomes the back end of the structure, can address the various issues faced by the Dynacorp, with one major issue of handling the change from dealing with the direct customers to the consulting firms with special practices in ITC. This can be coordinated with the engineering and the production divisions, which in turn spread across the globe...
Words: 933 - Pages: 4
...A mission statement is a brief statement of the purpose of a organization, it clarifies the principle of an organization's existence and describes the needs of an organization and also answers the basic question of why it exists. Creating a mission statement is a group effort which will include Board Members, present and past officers staff, members, donors, and constituents can provide valuable input during the creative process. When developing a mission statement, one should think of what the organization is trying to accomplish and not necessarily how it will get it done. The mission statement is important as it provides the direction and focus needed for making decisions and implementing those decisions. Myer’s mission statement is unreasonable since it says producing clothes for all ages at a high price. In the writer’s point of the view, it should make the type of clothes more accessible to sell and get regionalization from the customers. Therefore, the better mission statement is created as follows. Myer's mission is to offer quality, name brand western wear in an assortment of sizes and styles to accommodate all varying body styles and shapes. To be specific, our objective is to earn 75% market share and become the largest retailer of children’s wear clothes in UK. To achieve name recognition in the local children community, receiving a 50% profit margin within the first year and a net profit of $63,000 by second year and $89,000 by third year, having a customer...
Words: 260 - Pages: 2
...Organizational behavior is a common knowledge in the area of: individuals, groups, and structure with in an organization. This behavior is to contribute to the efficiency, and effectiveness of a job. There are a number of behavioral disciplines that contribute to organizational behavior: psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and political science. Here are two examples of the behavioral disciplines and how they affect organizational behavior. Within Sociology the greatest contribution was their study of group behavior in organizations. Some of the areas of Organizational behavior that have received valuable input from sociologists are group dynamics, design of work teams, organizational culture, formal organization theory and structure, organizational technology, communications, power, and conflict. Another discipline, Social psychologists have shown how to implement change and how to reduce the resistance to accept change. One of the most important and broad-based challenges facing organizations today is adapting to people who are different. Organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in regards to gender, race, and ethnicity. Managers play a large role in this process they have to have the people skills to work with the diverse groups of employees. Due to the globalization of many companies, some managers are force to go to another country and train new employees. Also with in there own country there is a diverse work force. This is a change that...
Words: 348 - Pages: 2
