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Osi Model and Tcp/Ip Model

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The following table compares the functions performed at each OSI model layer. Layer | Description and Keywords | Application (Layer 7) | The Application layer integrates network functionality into the host operating system, and enables network services. The Application layer does not include specific applications that provide services, but rather provides the capability for services to operate on the network.Most Application layer protocols operate at multiple layers down to the Session and even Transport layers. However, they are classified as Application layer protocols because they start at the Application layer (the Application layer is the highest layer where they operate). Services typically associated with the Application layer include: * HTTP * Telnet * FTP * TFTP * SNMP | Presentation (Layer 6) | The Presentation layer formats or "presents" data into a compatible form for receipt by the Application layer or the destination system. Specifically, the Presentation layer ensures: * Formatting and translation of data between systems. * Negotiation of data transfer syntax between systems, through converting character sets to the correct format. * Encapsulation of data into message envelopes by encryption and compression. * Restoration of data by decryption and decompression. | Session (Layer 5) | The Session layer's primary function is managing the sessions in which data is transferred. Functions at this layer include: * Management of multiple sessions (each client connection is called a session). A server can concurrently maintain thousands of sessions. * Assignment of the session ID number to each session to keep data streams separate. * Set up, maintain, and tear down communication sessions. | Transport (Layer 4) | The Transport layer provides a transition between the upper and lower layers of the OSI model, making the upper

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