...Literature in the Augustan Age is often referred to as the golden age of Latin literature. While many authors contributed works in this time, which ran roughly from 42 BCE to around 17 CE, the most prominent in this time were Virgil, Horace and Livy. The most important historical aspect of the literature at this time was how it served to support Emperor Augustus’ rule and his strong beliefs in traditional Roman values. This paper will focus on the ways in which these authors supported the values and beliefs of Augustus, and to what aspect their literature helped and supported the change in Rome during the transition from Republic to Empire. These authors’ works were intrinsically tied to the era in a very unique and important way. The theme of traditional rural Roman values, and the importance of the countryside to the integrity of Rome were extremely prevalent in their works, as well as in the policies of Emperor Augustus. This signified the extreme importance of Augustus’ focus on restoring traditional Roman values, and when supported by the writings from Virgil, Horace and Livy, has proven to be one of the most significant aspects towards the success of Augustus’ transformation of Rome into the Empire it would become. When we examine the contribution that Virgil, Horace and Livy made to the Augustan rule in the newly formed Roman Empire, we cannot begin without mentioning some of the skepticism that occurred during the initial years of the transformation. This is evidenced...
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...IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IN SCHOOL SOCIETY AND TEACHER The importance of research for education The Importance of Conducting Research in Educational Setting Human beings conduct research every day. They do so in many different ways and in many different settings. One important area is education. Conducting research in an educational setting should be an important aspect of every educator’s professional life. Best and Kahn (1993) describe research as ------------------------------------------------- “The systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles, or theories, resulting in prediction and possibly ultimate control of events” Education in a research setting is done to improve school practices and at the same time to improve those individuals who strive to improve those practices (Best & Kahn, 1993). ------------------------------------------------- The importance of impartial research to improve education standards and the quality of teaching. I think research is an important component of education studies and teacher development Research is not always a concept that practitioners, managers and policy makers respect. Too often it is seen as an academic activity conducted by others – to the profession, not with the profession. But I believe it should be respected. In fact I’d say education professionals are...
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...believe it should be respected. In fact I’d say education professionals are always learning, finding out things, analysing information, adapting their behaviour according to information received, looking to improve and adapting to modern demands. All of this constitutes research - whether professionals want to call it that or not. Let’s briefly imagine the world of education without research: 1. On what would the learning and teaching experience be based without underpinning research? If education is not based upon research and evidence, then it runs the risk of being based upon one or more of the following: •Dogma •Theory •Ideology •Convenience •Prejudice Allow me to unpack these: •Education is a political football and can be used for propaganda and political purposes. I believe that there is a moral dimension to the profession – and to follow dogma blindly is wrong. Education should serve to liberate, and promote democracy and equality of opportunity. •Similarly ideology can be dangerous. Teachers have a social responsibility – to develop active citizens. To guide one’s practice around an ideology means that evidence can be selected to score political points. Following an ideological route restricts choice, which is the opposite...
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...glimpses of themselves among these worlds, as well as provoking acts of analysis and reflection within themselves, decades after these worlds and opinions were initially established. The ongoing relevance of Orwell is due to an inspiring recipe of writing greatness. Orwell’s authentic craftsmanship, directness of expression, straightforward-simple style, methodical structure, pure honesty and most importantly textual integrity, marries together with his abilities to use his context and experiences as evidence for his ideas and argument. Essentially, it is Orwell’s universal and highly relatable ideas that allow his audiences to reflect upon Orwell’s arguments, amongst their own personal contexts for decades upon decades. These ideas constructed from the literary, political and nationalistic worlds, are derived from Orwell’s famous essays, Writers and Leviathan (W&L), Why I Write (WIW), Politics and the English Language (PATEL), Notes on Nationalism (NoN) and Sporting Spirit (SS), which are still studies and read worldwide today. Through Orwell’s essays Writers and Leviathan, Why I Write, and Politics and the English Language, Orwell has been able to establish a literary world for his audience to reflect their literary views and opinions upon. Writers and Leviathan, was a response from Orwell’s political context in post WW2, Britain, concerned with writers integrity. He states, ‘This is a political age.’ Consolidating this statement he lists ‘War, Fascism, concentration camps, rubber...
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...in the Late Victorian Era. Lord Henry points out that he wrathfully concurs on how the upper class feeds off the lower class. The upper class uses blackmail and scandals to keep the social balance of lower and upper societies in London during the Late Victorian Era. This passage from The Picture of Dorian Gray shows the character’s reflection of the Late Victorian Era’s cultural anxieties that brought out the seven deadly sins to the people in London. In London’s Late Victorian Era, cultural anxieties were pushed heavily to make society have a higher moral standard. The anxieties increased the moral standards that support sexual repression, low tolerance of crime, and strong social ethics. Late Victorians have encouraged hard work, respectability, social deference and religious conformity. Therefore, the Victorian Era’s strong moral values surfaced the seven deadly sins for the people who indulged in immoral acts evolving from a Gothic Era. “The Literary tradition confusingly designated as ‘Gothic’ is a distinct modern development in which the characteristic theme is the stranglehold of the past upon the present, or the encroachment of the ‘dark’ ages of oppression upon the ‘enlightened’ modern era” (Birch). This comment explains that the Gothic Era in comparison of the Victorian Era is a barbaric way of life. Everything was in the public eye and not considered completely bad. It was a savage way of life and considered a life of survival. “Furthermore the era was characterized by...
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...create effective imagery; his usage of expressive language and poetic techniques and the poem leaves a reader to experience feelings such as pity and guilt. I consider Wilfred Owen a good poet from the very start as he shows ability to captivate the reader into his story by applying and engaging heading. Dulce et Decorum est reveals the hidden truths of the past century’s war, by uncovering the cruelties the soldiers were left to face. The poem is authentic as Wilfred Owen was ‘there’ to experience the atrocities of the First World War. The poem begins with a glimpse at the soldiers’ living conditions and their lifestyle, which provided them with untimely age. The poet then describes a dreadful gas attack that follows along with its horrid outcomes. The poem resumes eventually, the poet confirms the present propaganda to be “the old Lie” – as the glory of war is a myth. Reading this poem, made me realize my own luck and circumstance: I have been fortunate to avoid the Wars and brutalities that were brought on by World War One. The appalling conditions the soldiers were left to face made me appreciate that my own life has not been disturbed. I am devastated by the fact that even today, many innocent people are exposed to such horrors. The poem is started unexpectedly: in the middle of action as if halfway through an incomplete event that has already started. The soldiers are trying to escape the enemy’s fire but their terrible health conditions dismiss them from strong and...
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...throughout the progression of the novel such as the use of rain and rivers to symbolize life and love as well as death and danger. Hemingway uses symbols to allude to the events that will occur in the coming chapters of the novel if the reader is keen to heed them. Hemingway’s use of the “bridge” and the rivers they cross, represent the lives of people and the hazards people encounter when they approach and cross a bridge in an effort to reach what is waiting on the other side. The novel opens with a beautiful description of life and of living our lives. “In the late summer of that year we lived in a house in a village that looked across the river and the plain to the mountains. In the bed of the river there were pebbles and boulders, dry and white in the sun, and the water was clear and swiftly moving and blue in the channels”(3). Life’s river bottom is littered with small problems and with large problems. When things are going well, our lives are blue skies and sunshine and we are eager to have life pass rapidly. Hemingway is making a stand on the political atmosphere that was prevalent in America in the late 1920’s and one which can be applied in contemporary America as well. I must Wharton2 disagree with Thomas P. McDonnell, who wrote in an article for the National Review in 1985, remembering Hemingway and his works, “Politically, of course, Hemingway was a naïf. Where other literary figures such as George Orwell, W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender, et al, were merely grossly wrongheaded...
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...question that most people usually ask themselves when asked about the history of arts is whether art can have a history. Yes, art has a long history, older than most if not all individuals currently living on earth. Most people think of it as being timeless because art has remained beautiful and attractive since the Old Stone Age. Individuals enjoy looking at arts for its own sake not knowing that they may have a significant meaning and the knowledge of its context inasmuch as viewers from different generations and cultures may see same artworks and interpret them differently from the previous generations. Most of the art works we see around originate from things of the past. Rarely does an artist come up with an imaginary art from vacuum (Art History, par 1). Most of them usually refer their arts by critiquing the outmoded models, borrowing some traditional techniques and methods, researching the old and forgotten stories as well as building on some timeless themes to enable them obtain new ideas (Par 3). It is very important for us to understand the historical precedent as it guides artists in obtaining context since art began from the caves by the Old Stone Age Homo sapiens. Below is an example of prehistoric painting adapted from Arthistory.com Contemporary art on the other hand, refers to art that is produced at human’s present period in time, preferably between the Second World War to date (Esanu, par 1). It includes more than 50 different types of art that has been seen since...
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...The Media and Its Responsibilities Student Name: Institution of affiliation: The Media and Its Responsibilities Introduction Ethics is defined as the study of standards of conduct, moral philosophy or moral judgment. It deals with moral values of human behavior as well as the principles and rules that are applied to govern the behavior. Philosophers, worldwide, have developed various theories meant to explain further the concept of philosophy (Thompson, 1985). These theories include: Utilitarianism, deontology and virtue. They have also come up with other theories that explain the behavior of individuals such as emotivism, relativism, and ethical egoism. In this paper, I will put consideration on one of the above theories in relation to the media and its responsibilities; furthermore I will contrast my response of how to resolve ethical issues with perspective brought by ethical egoism with credible and well argued support of view that is closer to mine. Media is a diversified form of communication intended to reach a large number of the audience through the application of media technologies. There are various technologies available through which the communication is made possible, they include: radio in broadcast media; television and films which transmit information electronically; recorded music; use of newspapers, pamphlets, books and comics to convey information in print media (Thompson, 1985). Other type of media communication include...
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...Third World, particularly Latin-America. However, its findings can be of interest in any educational situation. As Richard Shaull says in his preface to Freire's book:' There is no such thing as a neutral educational process. Education either functions as an instrument which is used to facilitate the integration of the younger generation into the logic of the present system and bring about conformity to it, or it becomes 'the practice of freedom', the means by which men and women deal critically and creatively with reality and discover how to participate in the transformation of their world. The of an educational development methodology that facilitates this process will inevitably lead to tension and conflict within our society. But it could also contribute to the formation of a new...
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...J.S. Mill’s Economic Philosophy and Political Corruption in 21st Century Australia Carly Sandler Z5088638 University of New South Wales Introduction John Stuart Mill was an influential economic thinker and reformer, whose novel ideals of economic social proved to have a lasting impact on future reformative programs endowed in moral value. Mill’s economic contributions has been characterized into the classical system of economics: production, the distribution of goods, rents and wages, and the economic role of government, which leaves many to critique its practical implications to modern day issues like political corruption in Australia. Today’s political environment in Australia is pigeonholed by a lack of transparency in government contracting and enforcement of regulations, greedy politicians extorting taxpayer money, and power of lobbyists on influencing government policy. Though these concepts were of no concern during Mill’s life, the fundamental theme of institutional power and constraints on societal development can be utilized to weave abstract thinking into realistic interpretations. Thus, the aim of this paper is to ascertain the extent to which Mill’s 19th century economic ideas can be applied to issues of political corruption in 21st century Australia and possible reform. The Economic Philosophy of John Stuart Mill J.S. Mill was born in 1806 in Pentonville, France. He was the eldest son of James Mill, who was a major constituent of Jeremy Bentham’s radical...
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...Scandinavian Culture: Home Exam Antoine LE GOFF HISTORY BOOK: HOW SWEDEN BECAME SWEDISH Table of Contents Introduction 1 Creation of Sweden and its culture 3 17th - 18th century: Swedish culture is born 3 Göticism and Viking heritage: Foundation of the Swedish culure 3 18th Century: the Enlightenment: a new view of the nation 3 19th Century: National Romanticism 3 20th century: Contemporary History 4 The dissolution of the Union 4 The First World War 4 Wellfare system establishment 4 The Second World War 4 The Cold War 5 European Union and Immigration 5 How Sweden Becam Swedish 6 Welfare State 6 Cultural Policy and Propaganda 7 Multi-culturalism 8 Gender Equality 9 Conclusion 11 Introduction The purpose of this essay is to try to understand the Scandinavian culture. To do this, we have to clarify some concepts, like National Identity, Nationalism, culture and Swedishness, in order to understand the connection between those, and finally expose more easely the following arguments. Those concepts can be seen as pretty dimness and deep, so we have to treat those with caution. In fact, if we start with Nationalism, many theorists tried to counteract the three paradoxes this concept bring : objective modernity vs. subjective antiquity, socio-cultural concept vs. concrete manifestations and 'political' power vs. philosophical poverty. Therefore, we see that Nationalism involve multiple frameworks, like history, culture, social...
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...Advertising and Consumer Culture Wednesday 10:00-12:00; SW 319 MDSB03H3 Instructor: Dr. Stacy M. Jameson Email: stacy.jameson@utoronto.ca Office Hours: Wednesday 12:30-2:30PM; HW411A (or make an appointment to visit my office on the St. George Campus) This course introduces students to the study of advertising as social communication and provides a historical perspective on advertising's role in the emergence and perpetuation of “consumer culture.” The course examines the strategies employed to promote the circulation of goods as well as the impact of advertising on the creation of new habits and expectations in everyday life. Required Course Texts: Juliet Schor and D.B. Holt (eds), The Consumer Society Reader Joseph Turow and Mathew Mcallister, The Advertising and Consumer Culture Reader *Additional PDFs posted on Blackboard Assignments and Grade Distribution: Participation, Reading Quizzes, and any In-Class Assignments 10% Essay One: Ad Analysis 15% Midterm Exam 20% Essay Two: Branding 25% Final Exam 30% Essay One: Ad Analysis This short essay (500-800 words; 12 point font, double spaced) will offer an analysis of a single print advertisement of your choice. You must situate your discussion of the ad within a historical context (what are some historical trends that set the stage for this form of commercial text?). You must then identify the central trope or strategy being used and explain its rhetorical function...
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...Introduction In my essay I am going to be discussing ‘Tragic Ballets ‘and ‘Heroines’. As a child I spent a brief period studying ballet and on a visit to Prague, in February 2013, I enjoyed watching the Russian Ballet perform 'Giselle' at the Prague State Opera House. I have often wondered why so many ballets and the female heroines in them end in tragedy. My essay will discuss the issues that female heroines face and the events that eventually bring them to their fate. I will also discuss the origins and definitions of ‘heroine’ and ‘tragedy’. In order to examine my chosen themes I started my investigation by watching, analysing and comparing the films ‘Black Swan’, ‘The Red Shoes’ and the ballet ‘Giselle’. I read the feminist writings of Marina Warner on the portrayal of women, the Catholic Church and also her book on ‘Joan of Arc. In my essay I will be discussing the themes of love, conquest, devotion, deception, spirituality and how they play a role in altering the lives of the female protagonists in various different situations and offer my own opinions on how the tragedies are formed. I will begin my comparison of the female heroines that I will be discussing, with Giselle. Figure 1'Giselle and Count Albrecht' The Russian Ballet Giselle is a poor peasant’s daughter who falls in love with Count Albrecht. Count Albrecht’s character plays the main part in the protagonist Giselle’s downfall during the ballet, as he breaks her heart when she learns that he is betrothed...
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...The social importance of film in the 21st century is extremely evident to be a powerful form of communication. Through sound and images filmmakers make use of technical, symbolic, audio and written codes to convey strong messages. These themes are portrayed in all types of films such as documentaries, commercials and even Hollywood blockbusters. As time moves forward so does the ability to connect, through film, with the social aspects of our age. Every story, every image, every sound has an impact on out society, either visually and/or emotionally. By the use of film we can communicate ideas, morals, ethics, facts, events etc effectively. Ever since the fist filmmakers shocked the world with their innovative art the impact of film on society has only advanced. New technology and contemporary techniques are forever developing and the will to influence, inspire and inform also progress. . This ability to powerfully impact our society is due to the blessing of film and its importance in the 21st century should never be under-measured. It combines primarily, both audio and video and is thus very appealing to the eyes and the ears. With the development of color cinematography, and stereophonic sound, it is certainly one up on other media. Motion pictures may provide the best evidence of what it was like to walk down the streets of Paris in the 1890s, what a Japanese tea ceremony was like in the 1940s, what the World Series in 1950 looked like, or how people in factories did their...
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