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Reasons of Movement and Its Effects
People around the world are constantly on the move. There are several different reasons why, and they are categorized on the basis of their reasons for relocation. Several factors determine why people migrate across the globe. A few different categories can explain a majority of the causes of why people move. People are considered labor Migrants, displaced persons, or institutional migrants. These groups of people all have different yet equally significant reasons for moving. Their motives for moving are identified by the terms just listed. Some motives that these people can have are corresponding to current economic situation, political situation, and social situations. Migrations and its effects on people come in many forms. Both vary in terms of the distance involved, the purpose of the move, whether the move was forced or a matter of choice and the migrant’s status in the new destination. Another important effect of migration is globalization and migration. They both have their own way of functioning and their differences will be discussed.
First of all, labor migrants are people who travel for economic purposes. They migrate each year to work for a specific length of time. They don’t plan on creating a permanent lifestyle, and they are often explicitly barred from doing so. When this form of migration is legally contracted it if referred to as wage labor migration. The time elapsed working might be brief, or it could extend to several years. Asian women are the fastest growing category of people among the world’s labor migrants. There are more than 3 million Asian women migrant workers. They work a wide assortment of jobs, but most are in domestic service jobs and some work as nurses and teachers. There is also circular migration which is repeated movement between two or more places, either within or between countries. It may occur within or between countries. Internal migrants include female domestic workers throughout Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Secondly, displaced persons are people who are forced to move based on social situations occurring around them. Colonialism, slavery, war, persecution, natural disasters, large scale mining, and dam building are major causes of population displacement. An example of a displaced person is a refugee. They are referred to as internally displaced persons (IDP). IDPs are people who are forced to leave their homes and communities but who remain within their country. Many refugees are forced to relocate because they are in danger of persecution on the basis of their race, religion, nationality, ethnicity, gender, or political views. Refugees make up a large number of people in the globe. Roughly one in five hundred people are refugees. Women and children make up a majority of refugees. IDPs are the fastest category of displaced persons. There are about fifty one million IDPs. Africa is the continent with the most IDPs. Many IDPs, like refugees, live for extended periods in makeshift housing or refugee camps with limited access to basic amenities such as latrines, health care, and schools. IDPs do not cross country boundaries, for that reason they are not under the purview of the United Nations or other international bodies. Political violence and conflicts over access to critical resources are major causes of people becoming IDPs. But other factors come into play as well, including natural disasters and large-scale development projects. Dam construction, mining and other and other projects have displaced more than 80 million people since 1950. Forced migration due to development projects is called development induced displacement.
Third a major factor for migrants around the world is Institutional migrants. They are people who move into a social situation, either voluntarily or involuntarily. They include monks or nuns, the elderly, prisoners, boarding school or college students, and soldiers. Student institutional migrants often face a lot of trouble adapting to their new environment. They are at greater risk of adjustment stress than are local students. Soldiers are often sent on long distance assignments for length periods. Their destination may have detrimental physical and mental health effects on them in addition to the fact that they may have to face combat. During the Birtish and French colonial expansion, thousands of soldiers were assigned to tropical countries. Colonial soldiers faced new disease in their destination areas. Their death rates from disease were twice as high as those of soldiers who stayed home, with two exceptions- in Tahiti and Hawai’i- where soldiers experienced better health than soldiers at home.
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Finally, Modernization and Globalization both represent change in society, but they have different effects. Modernization is a form of change marked by economic growth through industrialization and market expansion, political consolidation through the state, technological innovation, literacy, and options for social mobility. Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. These two terms differ because Modernization has more of an effect on economy and material aspects of society, while globalization has an effect on culture progressing through ideas, and behavior. For example, Globalization can affect language substantially while modernization doesn’t really have much of an effect on language. Globalization is also a result of more countries being involved in international migration, leading to increased cultural diversity in both sending and receiving countries. Modernization on the other hand is often viewed critically because of its focus on ever increasing consumption levels and heavy use of nonrenewable resources. Many people are also critical because research shows how modernization often brings environmental ruin, increases social inequality, destroys indigenous cultures, and reduces global cultural and biological diversity. Regardless of these critics however, most countries worldwide have not slowed their attempts to achieve modernization.

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All in all, Migration plays a major role in the way our world functions. It seems as if the way people move around everywhere is a sporadic mess. But, when it is all calculated there is always an important reason behind the vast number of people moving around daily. Unfortunately not many people have a choice like IDPs, refugees, and displaced persons. They are at the mercy of the political powers above them and even natural disasters sometimes. On the other hand there are people who are given the option to move, but they end up not adjusting well. This often occurs with school children going to college, elderly folks moving into living homes, and soldiers being cast out to different bases. Also, there are labor migrants who basically must move unless they want to be penniless. They move around the world to earn themselves a living. At the same time, when people travel around and communicated their ideas progression is bound to happen. This occurs through globalization and modernization. Although these two terms have distinct meanings they both function the same way and the help the world progress. Migration around the globe is a complex system, and it doesn’t seem like it’s going to be stopping any time soon.