...Parkinson’s disease Approximately 60,000 Americans are diagnosed with Parkinson's disease each year, and this number does not reflect the thousands of cases that go undetected. Parkinson's disease is a disorder that affects nerve cells in the part of the brain controlling muscle movement. Parkinson's is progressive, meaning the signs and symptoms become worse over time. Although Parkinson's may eventually be disabling, the disease often progresses gradually, and most people have many years of productive living after a diagnosis. We will be going through the organ system Parkinson’s affects as well as the signs, symptoms, and treatements. Organ System Affected With Parkinson’s The major organ system affected by Parkinson’s is the nervous system. The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body. It is the center of all mental activity including thought, learning, and memory. Together with the endocrine system, the nervous system is responsible for regulating and maintaining homeostasis. Like other systems in the body, the nervous system is composed of organs, principally the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia. These, in turn, consist of various tissues, including nerve, blood, and connective tissue. Together these carry out the complex activities of the nervous system. The various activities of the nervous system can be grouped together as three general, overlapping functions, sensory, integrative, and motor. Functions of...
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...Parkinson’s disease is a slowly progressive neurological disorder that’s cause by a depletion of dopamine in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and pallidum, structures in the neostriatum that normally contains high levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. It was first discovered by a Doctor James Parkinson in 1817. The disease was first known as the “shaking palsy” before being named after James Parkinson. (Ramirez, 2004). One million people are affected by Parkinson's disease in the United States. Worldwide five million people are affected. Parkinson’s disease is an idiopathic disease that occurs in people over 60 years of age. However study also shows that a small number of people 40 years of age also have Parkinsons. It affects both men and women. It is rare in children. Having a close relative with Parkinson's increases the chances that a person can also develop the disease. Exposure to herbicides and pesticides increases the risk for Parkinson's. Symptoms for Parkinson’s disease are easily noticeable. They may be mild at first. For instance, you may have a mild tremor or a slight feeling that one leg or foot is stiff and dragging. The characteristic shaking associated with Parkinson's disease often begins in a hand. A back-and-forth rubbing of your thumb and forefinger, known as pill-rolling, is common, and may occur when your hand is at rest. However, not everyone experiences tremors. Bradykinesia or slowed movements occur. Parkinsons decreases the ability to...
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...Parkinsons Disease The cause of Parkinsons Disease & Which cells stop working? Parkinson’s occurs when certain nerve cells (neurons) in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra die or become impaired. Normally, these cells produce a vital chemical known as dopamine. Dopamine allows smooth, coordinated function of the body's muscles and movement. When approximately 70% of the dopamine-producing cells are damaged, the symptoms of Parkinson disease appear. The problems that result: 1. Tremor, (shaking, trembling) is the most well known symptom of Parkinsons, but is absent in one third of people when the condition is first diagnosed. Tremor usually begins in one hand and the spreads to the leg, before crossing to the other side. It may also be felt internally. Typically it is most noticeable at rest and when stressed or tired and disappears during movement and when asleep. 2. Rigidity or stiffness of the muscles is a very common early sign of PD whereby the muscles seem unable to relax and are tight, even at rest. You might feel that your muscles will not do what you want them to do. Rigidity may be experienced through the entire range of movement of a joint (called 'lead pipe rigidity') or just in parts (called 'cog-wheel rigidity). 3. Bradykinesia (slowness of movement) occurs because the brain is not able to control smooth and delicate movements. * Leads to a lack of spontaneous activity eg. arm swing diminishes. * Fine motor coordination...
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...Parkinsons Disease Introduction Defination Parkinson’s diseases is a slow progressive neurological movement disorder that eventually leads to disability. Its associated with decreased levels of dopamine resulting in distruction of pigmented neuronal cells in the substantia ingrain the basal ganglia region of the brain. (brunner and suddarth eleventh edition) Signs and symptoms Tremor is the characterisitic shaking associated with Parkinsons diseas and often begins in the hand. Pill-rolling and bacj and forth rubbing of the thumb and forfinger is alos seen and may occure whrn the hand is at rest. Slloowed motion is another common sign and symoptom of parkinsons disease, over time there is reduced ability to initiate voluntary movement therefore making simple tasks difficult anf time consuming. This causes the patient to have a short steps while walking and a shuffling walk. Muscle rigidity is occurs in any part of the body, it may sometimes be so severe that it limits the range of movement s and causes pain. The posture is impared and there is no balance therefore the patient is seen to have a stooped posture. This causes a problem with balance in later stages of the disease. Loss of automatic movements such as blinking smiling swinging the arms while walking are diminishes and sometimes even lost Some patients with Parkinsons disease have a problem with speech they may speak more softly, rapidly or in monotone and sometimes slurring or repeating words is seen. hestitance...
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...Parkinson's illness is a progressive nervous system disorder of the brain and affects the brain cells producing dopamine, the diseases distresses the ability to move and alterations in gait and speech. It progresses steadily, occasionally starting with a hardly perceptible tremor in just one arm. Although a tremor may be the greatest recognized indication of Parkinson's illness, the sickness also usually causes reducing the speed of movement or rigidity (Armstrong, 2011). A common bacterial septicity might contribute to the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), conferring to new investigations available in the European Journal of Neurology. The research is the first to connect the bacterium to Parkinson’s in a big populace. The bacterium, named Helicobacter pylori (HP), is more usually linked with stomach complications, comprising ulcers and not often, cancer of the stomach. But investigators have for a long time been mystified as to why many individuals suffering from the Parkinson’s have a past of stomach complications, for instance, ulcers, before the development of Parkinson’s. Some study has even revealed that eradicating H. pylori infections assisted with the indications of Parkinson’s. Yet no investigators had done an epidemiological research in a big group so as to statistically indicate a linkage between H. pylori and Parkinson’s. A new research, executed by an assemblage of scientists steered by Beate Ritz, M.D., Ph.D., put into used two big Danish catalogs, one...
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...8/04/08 Parkinson's disease Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson’s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. Parkinson’s is progressive, which means it gets worse over time. But usually this happens slowly, over a period of many years. And there are good treatments that can help you live a full life. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. The four main symptoms of Parkinson’s are: Tremor, (which means shaking or trembling) Tremor may affect your hands, arms, legs, or head. Stiff muscles, slow movement, Problems with balance or walking. People usually start to have symptoms between the ages of 50 and 60, but in some people symptoms start earlier Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone...
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...Parkinson’s Disease Definition: Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects your movement. It develops gradually, sometimes starting with a barely noticeable tremor in just one hand. But while a tremor may be the most well-known sign of Parkinson's disease, the disorder also commonly causes stiffness or slowing of movement. In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, your face may show little or no expression or your arms may not swing when you walk. Your speech may become soft or slurred. Parkinson's disease symptoms worsen as your condition progresses over time. Although Parkinson's disease can't be cured, medications may markedly improve your symptoms. In occasional cases, your doctor may suggest surgery to regulate certain regions of your brain and improve your symptoms. How many people have Parkinson's? One person in every 500 has Parkinson's. That's about 127,000 people in the UK. Most people who get Parkinson's are aged 50 or over but younger people can get it too. Main symptoms of Parkinson's: Tremor (shaking) Slowness of movement Rigidity (stiffness) Physical and other symptoms of Parkinson's: Bladder and bowel problems, Eye problems, Falls and dizziness, Fatigue, Freezing, Pain, Restless legs syndrome, Skin, scalp and sweating problems, Sleep problems, Speech and communication problems, and Swallowing problems. Mental health and Parkinson's: Anxiety, Dementia, Depression, Hallucinations and delusions, and Memory problems...
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...Janeak Burgess NUR 4216 FAMU A&M University Dr. Bronson The main focus of this paper, is the theory of patient-centered care with individuals that is diagnosed with Parkinson disease . Effective patient-centered care is for individuals with Parkinson Disease which requires participation from the family and health care providers for a successful care. Parkinson disease is a progressive neurodegenerative infection that affects an individual's motor system. Parkinson disease progresses in three stages: early, moderate, and advanced. As the disease progresses, the complexity of motor and non motor skills increases. Due to the progression of the degenerative symptoms, patients with Parkinson disease are dependent on others for care as...
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...Parkinson Disease is a degenerative neurological disorder. Parkinson Disease arises from a combination of genetic predisposition and environment factors, such as exposure to pesticides or solvents. This disease is rarely inherited; you usually have to be first-degree relatives you’re at a more increased risk to get the disease. What happens is your dopamine is decreased and this causes you to be slower. This Disease typically occurs around the age 60-70, but about 5-10 percent of cases onset happens before 40. Recessive mutations in a gene called Parkin associated with early-onset Parkinson. The Parkinson Disease occurs in 160 out of 100,000 people, and around 19 of those are new cases of Parkinson. Males are barely more affected by...
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...and Parkinson’s Disease Kathleen Clark COM/155 August 11, 2013 Gregory Simon Although both chronic neurological diseases, Parkinson’s and Multiple Sclerosis differ as to their cause, effects on the body, and treatments. When thinking about these two diseases, one probably knows they are of the neurological type, but don’t understand how the two are different. Both of these disorders happen for completely different reasons. While both diseases can have effects on the body and treatments that seem similar, most are specific to the individual disease. It takes a combination of different types of therapies to combat the toll these diseases take on the body. The treatments can only help with the symptoms however, because both of these diseases have no cure. These two disorders do have some similar attributes, but are more different than alike. The causes for both Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) originate in the brain, but for different reasons. . Primary PD is attributed to a decrease in dopamine production in the part of the brain called the substantia nigra. The substantia nigra is part of a system of interconnecting nerve centers, called the basal ganglia, and a router called the thalamus. They are located in the core of the brain and brainstem that controls the coordination of the movement of muscles. The basal ganglia take in and process information, and the motor cortex sends the commands out for movement (Parkinson's Disease and NPH, 2013)....
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...del documento. Normalmente, una descripción breve es un resumen corto del contenido del documento. Escriba aquí una descripción breve del documento. Normalmente, una descripción breve es un resumen corto del contenido del documento.] | Pues todo comienza cuando el Dr. Sayer esta con sus pacientes, pero observa que a uno se le caen los lentes, pero logra recogerlos antes de que toquen el piso asombrado por esto y pues trata de explicarse a si mismo con un profundo análisis, para saber como es que pudo lograr tal objetivo. El se motiva viviendo el caso, pero sin embargo hay muchas personas que creen que lo que él hace es desperdiciar su tiempo, ya que para ellos el parkinson es algo de cuestión de tiempo. El investiga demasiado y se familiariza sobre el fármaco L-dopa que sirve para tratar el mal de parkinson y ps se arriesga a probarla con sus pacientes, pero su insistencia constante lo lleva muchos fracasos, con lo que para su gusto no es de mucho agrado, además de tener una buena relación con el paciente siempre lo mantiene informado sobre las cosas que intentara para mejorar la calidad de vida del individuo, con el paso del tiempo ambos van entendiendo la realidad que vivimos dia a dia. Hay que limitar los milagros, y frente al pesimismo posterior, hay que descubrir otro despertar, que el espíritu humano (...) es lo que debemos alimentar con (...) las cosas importantes, las que teníamos olvidadas, las más sencillas. Las cosas empeoran por que se dan cuenta de que la L-...
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...Huntington's Disease Essay: By Jasmine Mongeon Huntington's disease is an inherited disease characterized by the degeneration of the central nervous system, which ultimately results in abnormal movements and mental deterioration. The genetic abnormality consists of expansion in the trinucleotide repeat CAG in the HD gene on chromosome 4, which codes for the normal protein huntingtin. The HD gene is an autosomal dominant condition which means that only one parent must have the gene in order for a child to inherit HD. Huntington's disease results in abnormal movements and mental deterioration. Each child of an Huntington's disease parent has a 50% chance of getting the Huntington's disease. If the child does not inherit the Huntington's disease...
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...REGISTERED PRIMARY PERSON OR CAREGIVER THAT WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DISPENSING CANNABIS TO SOMEONE THAT IS NOT ALLOWED TO UTILIZE CANNABIS AND WILL BE SUBJECT TO A ADDITIONAL CHARGE OF $2,000, FOR THE ABUSE OF THE REASONABLE RELIEF OF PAIN ACT. ANGELA INGRAM POL110 – AMERICAN EXPERIENCE ANDREA MILES – INSTRUCTOR JUNE 22, 2012 SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2011 SESSION INTRODUCED BY: PRIMARY SPONSOR: REP. ANGELA INGRAM SECONDARY SPONSOR: REP. JOSE PEREZ AN ACT REGARDING ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT FOR SERIOUS DISEASES THAT CAUSE CHRONIC PAIN. 1. PURPOSE: THE PURPOSE OF THIS BILL IS TO LEGALIZE MEDICINAL MARIJUANA 2. TO ALLEVIATE THE PAIN AND SUFFERING OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ILLNESSES 3. LIKE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CANCER, HIV/AIDS, PARKINSON ’S DISEASE OR 4. CROHN’S DISEASE. 5. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 6. HEREBY ENACTS AS FOLLOWS: 7. SECTION 1: SHORT TITLE 8. THIS ACT SHALL BE KNOWN AND MAY BE CITED AS THE “REASONABLE RELIEF OF 9. PAIN” ACT 10. SECTION 3: FINDINGS....
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...How Does Psychology Apply to Nursing in Parkinsons Amanda Mowery Psychology 101 Ms. Terry June 5, 2013 The Parkinsons Patient The Parkinsons patient, a farely new term in the medical industry, although Parkinsons has been around for awhile, it really did not come to the front of the line in a medical conversation, but it is now a front running disease in the medical world. In this research paper, we were asked to pick a topic that might be influential in our nursing career. The reason why I picked this certain topic is that my father is afflictated with this disease and as a nurse, I would like to provide him with the most knowledge, treatment and possible prevention methods that I can find or learn about. I have done a lot of research on this specific topic and have gain a lot of knowledge in the process. I am familiar with the signs and symptoms of this disease and what researchers thinks might be the initial cause of the disease. First I would like to explain what Parkinsons disease is. Parkinsons disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is progressive in the brain. The neurons that we have in our brains are what sends signals to other body parts to perform a specific function. In Parkinsons patients these functions become delayed or excessive. The neurons that everyone has have small threadlike projections called dendrites that send out electrical signals from the brain. These signals produce movement of the...
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...------------------------------------------------- Cellular Disease: Parkinson’s Disease One characteristic that all living beings share is the fact that they are considered to be highly organized, complex creatures. One of the most complex creatures are human beings. The human body contains thousands of genes, proteins and other cellular membranes. Each cell responds to chemical signals from the body or the environment and modifies its behavior in response to signals (Tremblay, 2010). When these cells behave differently from their intended design, the dysfunction is called cellular disease. Cellular disease can include a mutation of the DNA cells, an increase of the amount of cells, insufficiencies in existing cells, or loss of vital cells. Parkinson disease is considered to be one of the most common cellular diseases. It affects the nervous system and causes its victims to experience loss of muscle control. The disease takes place when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. These nerve cells produce a chemical called dopamine that sends signals to the part of the brain that controls movement. It allows muscles to move smoothly and operate as intended (WebMd, 2005). When the cellular disease known as Parkinson’s is present, these nerve cells break down causing a scarcity in the dopamine that is being produced. When there is a deficiency in dopamine, the body tends to move uncontrollably. Parkinson disease is considered a chronic illness. As time progresses...
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