...Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Lauren Raven CJS/221 Alan Hazel 3-15-2015 Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Experiences with social institutions and law enforcement agencies shape the worldview by influencing community-police relations through individual and group perception. The patterns and existence of institutionalized discrimination, contextual discrimination, and individual discriminatory behaviors within the criminal justice system carry considerable influence on public perception of police departments. The effects of social class, race, and ethnicity on citizen opinions of how law enforcement agencies operate include instances of corruption, systematic discrimination, and general misunderstandings of cultural diversities. Institutionalized discrimination describes a wider pattern of events regarding discriminatory practices incorporated into processes, procedures, and organizational structure (Walker, Spone, Delone, 2012). An example may include policies that permit judges to consider employment or domestic history in their decision making process.Whether these occurrences are due to prejudice or racism, or are the result of a general lack of consideration for the needs of various social identities, they essentially indicate a problematic system. Pure justice provides restorative justice for victims and their rights, yet attains an unbiased, unprejudiced...
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...Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Paper Danielle Hill CJS/221 June 20, 2016 Ebony Pullins-Govantes Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Paper Discrimination is the act of treating an individual different based on the way you perceive them to be, instead if their individual behavior and qualifications. The criminal justice system has multiple example of the discrimination that will assist me in illustrating my point. It wasn't until the 1960's that blacks were hired as officers because southern states didn't think to hire African Americans. The other police departments that decided to hire black officers made sure they had strict restrictions and stipulations. One restriction was that if you were an African American officer you were not allowed to arrest Caucasians. In most of the Northern police departments, blacks were required to only police the black neighborhoods instead of where the whites resided. This example are the types of discrimination that occurred within employment of the criminal discrimination also involved airlines. Female ma were only hired to be flight attendants because this wasn't a job for a man. Men were hired mainly to be managers and leaders of a company and woman were hired to do more office like duties, such as being a secretary. They didn't view the résumé of an individual first and their treatment was solely based on someone's personal beliefs and opinion. Currently, in the police agencies and...
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...know discrimination has been around for a while now. So what really is the true meaning of discrimination? Discrimination is when an individual or even a group of people are treated differently due to race, national origin, age, gender, etc. Never once will the person doing the discriminating shed light on what that person’s qualifications and individual behavior are, nor have they ever cared. To illustrate the point, here are a few examples of employment discrimination. Up until the 1960s, almost all police departments, especially the southern ones, never would hire officers that were African American. If you were lucky enough to be hired as an African American officer, there were many restrictions that came with it. For example African American officers could not arrest Caucasians, and were not allowed to work in Caucasian neighborhoods. As an African American you were kept in minority neighborhoods. These are the types of work practices that show what discrimination is. Just because of an individual’s race you were treated much differently with many restrictions. Lastly around the same time frame, males were not allowed to be flight attendants. Only females were allowed to work this position. This is an example of gender type discrimination. Never were qualifications and experience reviewed about an individual first. In today’s day and age, police agencies and our criminal justice system as a whole still show many patterns of discrimination. Some of those discrimination patterns...
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...There are several controversial issues surrounding racial profiling and the various problems that are encountered as a result of it. One issue is whether or not racial profiling exists. Most law enforcement departments refuse to undergo a study and they deny that racial profiling exists. These problems, coupled with the status of literature regarding this topic at this point, are more unreliable than scientific. In addition, the topic is controversial because the United States believes that it has rid itself of prejudice and racism, and to open the topic of racial profiling by law enforcement personnel is admitting that it’s possible the nation is backsliding. As a result, the events of September 11th stepped up the pace of racial profiling by law enforcement and grew to include new groups of people. Racial profiling is a topic that is seen across the nation in the media. Racial profiling has often been referred to as the apparition occurrence because so far departments across the nation clearly deny its existence. The topic is a growing one in light of the September 11, 2001 attacks on America. Racial profiling has been a top news story since that attack but it was an issue for many years before that. The equal protection clause can be found in the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution. It simply states that, "No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States...nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction...
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...their service and receive protection from discrimination. What is done to ensure it provides an equal service to all its users and all potential users have equal access to it? Specialist equality and diversity officers. * The Equality Unit provides specialist advice and guidance on all issues of diversity and equality which includes age, disability, gender, race, religion or belief, sexual orientation, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity and transgender identity. * * The self-reporting system allows you as the victim, witness, parent, carer or any concerned person to report an incident to the police by giving us as little or as much personal information as you wish. * With your details: The incident can be investigated fully and you can get the service you deserve and the support you need. * By filling out the reporting form you will: Enable the police and partnership agencies to build up patterns of behaviour, highlight areas of concern and provide us with a 'True Vision' of what is happening. One of the things in which they do is that they recruit officers who are from black and multi-ethnic communities over another candidate who is equally qualified. The reason as to why this is done is because they can then improve the diversity of the staff. This would act as protection from discrimination because it then improves communication with the different communities. Britain's biggest police force now demands that anyone wanting to...
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... Ben Harm (Instructor) Patterns of Discrimination in Police Agencies Paper Introduction: Discrimination is the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different groups of people or things because of their race, gender, ethnicity, or belief. Sense the founding of the United States and even well before it, discrimination has been the source or strife and conflict in society. Whether this is because of one side’s belief of racial superiority or because of cultural diversity, the fact remains that it is a problem that continues to exist even today. One area I think that bares special mention to how discrimination has continued to exist to this extent is the criminal justice system. Sense the day the Emancipation proclamation was first declared in 1863 to the era civil rights movement (1954-1968), we’ve made many strives in accepting numerous cultures, but where does that leave today? There are three areas of discrimination that bare special intention, institutionalized discrimination, contextual discrimination, and individual acts of discrimination, what they mean and how they compare with the concept “pure justice”. Pure justice is the conceptual belief that there is no discrimination at any place or time in the criminal justice system. But does such a principle exist in the world of criminal justice, and how much of it is really the case? Institutionalized Discrimination: Institutional discrimination is the disparity of an individual or group of people...
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...Police Misconduct and its Social Impact Can Better Police Training result in a decrease of Police Brutality against minorities? A research paper submitted advocating the issues among police agencies in North America. This paper analyzes the protocol that determines the appropriate procedures for a safer community for the victimized minorities through use -of- force incidents. HSB4U1 December 11/12/2015 Summative Report Mrs. Kim By: Julianne Silva Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………Pg. 3 Chapter one: Police Issues American CCPSA Fixing Problems…………………………………………………………Pg. 4 America’s Flawed System……………………………………………………………………Pg. 6 Controlling the Police…………………………………………………………………………Pg. 7 Chapter two: Police Solutions The Debate over Body Cameras…………………………………………………………….Pg. 9 Changing Policies and Regulations...……………………………………………………….Pg. 10 Chapter Three: Community and Behaviour Police Subculture……………………………………………………………………………….Pg.12 Impact on Minorities…………………………………………………………………………….Pg.12 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….Pg.14 Works Cited………………………………………………………………………………………Pg.15 Appendix A: Julianne Silva Survey Summary………………………………………………..Pg.17 Appendix B-1: ………………………………………………………………………………….... Appendix B-2……………………………………………………………………………………... Introduction One of the most controversial topics in police enforcement throughout history has been the issue between racial minorities and the misconduct of police officials...
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...to stake out the store, reward of damages to victim, racial profiling, and citizen review boards. In addition, this paper will discuss the recommendation for types of oversight systems, when you would reach out to an oversight system, the pros and cons of these systems and legal issues that may arise for an oversight system. Phase 4: Civil Rights Project Part One In 1957 The Civil Rights Division in the Department of Justice was created after the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. This division works to uphold all the constitutional and civil rights of the citizens of the United States, especially those Americans, which are the most at risk members in society. This division enforces all federal statutes barring discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion, familial status and national origin (Civil Rights Division, 2013). According to US Legal (2013) civil rights are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights, which includes the 13th and 14th Amendments. These include the right to due process; every person under the law will receive equal treatment regarding the enjoyment of life, liberty, property, and protection. For example civil rights include the freedom of speech, press, assembly, the right to vote, freedom from involuntary servitude, and the right to equality (Federal Law Civil Rights, 2013). A civil rights violation occurs when...
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...In 2008, the Ministry of Justice reported that, compared to white people, black people were: (1) More likely to be arrested for robbery (2) Three times more likely to be cautioned by the police (3) Three and a half times more likely to be arrested (4) More likely, to be found guilty, or receive custodial sentence (5) Five times more likely to be in prison Asians compared to white people were: (1) Twice as likely to be stopped and searched (2) More likely to be charged and face court proceedings than to receive a caution (3) More likely to receive custodial sentence if found guilty (4) More likely to be arrested for fraud and forgery Sociological explanations of black criminality Neo Marxist Approach: Gilroy argues that crime by black people, was a form of political action (1970s), representing a culture of resistance to oppressors in the form of police racism and harassment. He denies there was greater criminality among black people than whites, suggesting this was a myth created by negative stereotyping by the police, who saw ethnic minorities as untrustworthy. Lea and Young pointed out that most crimes are reported by the public, not uncovered by the police. The fact that Asian crime rates are, in general, similar to those of whites suggests that police racism is rather inconsistent, which is...
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...of every young black male. Research shows that this problem it’s only becoming worse and the outcome of a racist criminal justice system could lead to more unwarranted arrest. Race is a relatively arbitrarily social defined status. In the United States race and ethics classification system have inherent a problem of biased, racial profiling and discrimination. This contention revolves on why and how some racial minorities has been over the years, which as led to a persistently disproportionate representation in the natures crime figures including the prison population. For example, arrest for violent crimes in 2002 were a disproportionately 38 percent for Black whose portion of the National for population according to the 2000 census data, stood at 12.3 percent. Also race plays a part in how policing and racial profiling to sentences and corrections are conducted. An example of racial profiling comes in from Maryland (Prince Georges County) according to The Washington Post reported that, "in May 2001 federal prosecutors charged a county police officer with releasing her police dog on an unarmed Mexican immigrant as part of a pattern of using and threatening the use of the dog on people of color. Despite being the subject of four lawsuits, twice being guilty of making false statements to a supervisor, and five prior instances of releasing the dog on suspects who weren't resisting, and being flagged by a departmental "early warning" system, the officer remained undisciplined in...
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... In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Human Resources JDT2 Memorandum to Chief Executive Officer WGU Toy Company TO: WGU Toy Company, Chief Executive Officer FROM: Elementary Division Manager DATE: June 18, 2013 SUBJECT: Constructive Discharge Claim As a result of a work schedule policy change at WGU Toy Company, a constructive discharge was filed under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 related to religious discrimination by a former employee. This is due to a policy change that required toy company employees to work rotating shifts to accommodate the demands of production. In this former employee’s claim, rotation would fall on a religious holy day. The rotating schedule change is required for all production employees but would not affect office staff members who will maintain 0800 to 1700 Monday through Friday work schedules. This memorandum will provide information to assist WGU Toy Company with recommendations in handling this claim. The nature of discrimination charges were best explained through review of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which identifies definitions specific to this claim against WGU Toy Company. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act states, “it is illegal to discriminate against someone based on race, color, religion, national origin, or sex” (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2013). Specific to religion, all aspects of religious observance and practice are to be reasonably accommodated...
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...Social Justice and Equality: Racial Profiling Galina Shlikht, Nicole Gordon and Becky Overstreet City University of Seattle Author’s Note Galina Shilkht, Student, City University Nicole Gordon, Student, City University Becky Overstreet, Student, City University Social Justice and Equality Team Outline (All) Conflict and Solutions 1. Faulty communication Sometimes criticism can be given inappropriately. This can result in hurting the feelings of group members leaving them feeling devalued. When this happens, we as a team believe the first thing that must be done is to be honest and let the group know how you feel. So we must acknowledge the conflict. The next appropriate step would be to discuss the conflict with all of the team members. After this, we should try and understand the situation and reach an agreement. One of the agreements could be that criticism be given appropriately and constructively. 2. Time management With work, kids, and living in different time zones it can be a challenge to find the time that works best for the three of us to discuss the details, questions, and/or concerns about our essay together. Our solution to this is to set up exact times and day, sort of like an online appointment, for when the three of us can be available via Facebook group message. 3. Personality clashes We all have our own way of doing things. Our styles of working might be different and sometimes this can cause a conflict with each other...
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...especially in the law-enforcement community. Most people get it confused with criminal profiling which is not the same. Racial profiling is any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, or national origin rather than the behavior of an individual or information that leads the police to a particular individual who has been identified as being or having been, engaged in criminal activity. Criminal profiling is any police- initiated action that used the compilation of the background, physical, behavioral, and motivational characteristics for a type of perpetrator that lead the police. Now imagine driving to the store on a cold winter day, dressed in a hoodie to keep warm. You simply pull into the parking lot in hopes of getting something nice for your daughter for the holidays. Driving the posted speed limit, you pull slowly into a parking space in the back of the store. All of a sudden, a car pulls up behind you, blocking you in. You look in your rearview mirror only to find the community crime watch officer staring you down. The officer immediately treats you like a suspect, smothering you with questions concerning what you’re doing, where you’re going; yet never really had any reasoning behind the questions. The major reason to oppose racial profiling is that it simply doesn’t work. Empirical studies show that when police use race or ethnic appearance as a factor in law enforcement, their effectiveness in apprehending criminals decreases. Even worse, it has often...
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...description of the stealing progress. Wilson radioed for backup and in little over minute and young man lay dead at the scene. He was unarmed. That young man was Michael Brown; the 18-year-old black boy who’s shooting this past summer sparked a major controversy and raised a lot of questions about Police Shootings in the U.S. and their undeniably pattern of racial issues. Currently young black males risk of being shot by police officers is 21 times more likely greater than young white males (Staples). Due to police tactics motivated by racial profiling, racially bias news and media that enhance minority stereotypes, United States law enforcement is targeting minorities that results in Police Shootings caused by racism. After Michael Brown’s tragic death, many realized that our country had seen similar circumstances like this before. A young, unarmed, black male shot dead, taking with him, the alternative perceptive of the incident in question. We are only left with shooters’ recollection of incident and possibly a few witnesses. It’s a story that we know all too well. Police shootings happen every day, but recent events begin to raise many questions; Of all these police shootings how many are black men? Who kills these young black men? Are all of the officers white? What is the cause...
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...Police Misconduct American Intercontinental University English paper Latarrace Johnson 8/25/2013 ABSTRACT Police misconduct is currently on the rise in many cities. Police misconduct can be define as false confession, false arrest, falsified of evidence and lying under the oath. For many years police crimes have went unreported and punishments are never given. We now have to put an end to these wrongful duties taken by police officers around the world. Have you ever experience police brutality or discrimination? Have you ever heard the police officers lying under the oath? All of these are some examples of police misconduct. Police misconduct is illegal actions performed by the police officers. Theses wrongful duties can range from false arrest, police brutality, falsified evidence, false confession lying under the oath and falsification of documents. The rules that govern the police in a certain area is what constitutes police misconduct. In the 1820’s the acts of police misconduct were normally towards poor labor workers. The way police misconduct is handled in the Atlanta area has greatly aided the culture of continued and unpunished conducts of police against civilians. In the case of Kathryn Johnston Fulton county police shot and killed a 92 year old women who lived in her home for 17 years. Three undercover police came to Kathryn’s home with a no knock warrant. A few months before Kathryn’s neighbor home was broken into and the lady was rape, a year before...
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