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Patterns of Evolution

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Patterns of Evolution
Dawn Austin
SCI/230
January 28, 2011
Mrs. Sara Young

Humans shape their environment in ways that other organisms cannot. Are humans subject to the same pressures of natural selection as other organisms? Why or why not? Yes, Humans are subject to the same pressures of natural selection like all other organisms. According to an article I was reading, the fact is that change in gene pool over time in all species is completely avoidable. Eyre-Walker and Keightley claimed that in 1999 that humans have had an average 4.2 amino acid altering mutations every generation since humans separated from the chimpanzees (physicpost.com, 2003).
Provide an example of convergent and divergent evolution, adaptive radiation, and co-evolution.
Adaptation radiation is an example of divergent evolution. Divergent evolution is the process of two or more related species becoming more dissimilar. An example of divergent evolution is; the red fox and kit fox, the red fox lives in forest and farm lands where its red color helps it blend in with surrounding trees. The kit fox lives in the plains and in the desert where their environment is sandy and their color help conceal them from prey and predators. The ears of the kit fox are larger from the red fox. The kit fox ears are an adaptation to its desert environment. The enlarged surface area of its ears help the fox get rid of excess body heat. The red fox and the kit fox have similarities that suggest that they had common ancestors. As they adapted to different environment and the appearance of the two species diverged (bioweb.cs.earlham.edu).
Co-evolution is the joint change of two or more species in close interaction. Predators and prey sometime co-evolve; parasites and their host often co-evolve; plant eating species and the plants upon which they feed also co-evolve. An example of co-evolution is plants and animals that pollinate them (bioweb.cs.earlham.edu, 2011).

Choose one of the examples you provided and discuss the implications this example may have for future humans. I am going to use Co-evolution as an example for what humans in the future. As humans have co-evolved so have diseases. Some diseases that once were rare are now becoming common and others have disappeared and new diseases are emerging. Some of these changes have taken place in the wake of important transformations in human civilization and ecology. So, it’s feasible to say that diseases succeed and then fail in response to humanity advances (med.nyu.edu, 2006).

References
Are Humans still Evolving?. (2003). Retrieved from http://www.physicpost.com
Patterns of Evolution. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.bioweb.cs.earlham.edu
Who are We. (2006). Retrieved from http://www.med.nyu.edu

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