Chapter I
Introduction and Background of the Study
Introduction
One of the major problems of our country is the limited supply of electricity. And as a researcher we created a simple way on how we charge electrical energy from huma/mechanical energy or pedal power with the use of our Bicycle Charger. A Pedal Powered generator provides a method of generating electricity by means of a modified exercise bike for use in energy storage and running portable devices. Human.mechanical energy is converted by a belt-liked cloth to a bike dick brake. The energy created by the DC generator can be stored in various types of lead-acid batteries. Energy stored in battery form can act as a supplemental energy source for battery banks that may already bu used for wind, hydro and photovoltaic systems. Also, energy that is stored within the lead-acid battery can be utilizrd as DC current for use in DC appliances such as those found in automotive mobile homes. If Alternating Current (AC) appliances are in place then an inventer must be used to transfer the 12 volts of DC current into the standard 110 volts of AC current for usage by these appliances. Pedal power is the source of getting energy from humans. It can be described as the transfer of energy generated through the movement of human feet and hands in some cases. Humans used the pedal power to impel bicycles for centuries. In the primeval time all the machinery was manual and required the physocal energy to run them. This use of pedal power proved to be really helpful to perform even hard labor tasks. Pedal power was the base of the industry for many years. The idea of pedal power generators emerged from the wind turbines. Recent trend towards the use of bicycle again has gained great popularity. The report shows that in North America the use of bicycles has increased in recent years. The credit goes to the efforts of the people who provided awareness to the masses about its benefits. Recent trends have also forced the people to start thinking about the ways to generate electricity using pedal power. Some people have implanted pedal power windmills in their farm houses to convert this kinetic energy into electric current. In many parts of the world this pedal power is the bread and butter for many. In the under developed countries like India and Bangladesh masses ride bicycle rickshaw to carry commuters. This practice has been in use from centuries and this has become their culture now. In India the pedal power industry still accounts for 18 percent of th total industry. India has the largest bicycle industry after china. Along with the energy benefits that pedal power offers, bicycle has proved to be the great ride. Riding bicycle can be joyous experience when you tear across the wind along the road. It can be a great fun activity and an ideal time pass. Pedal power can proved to be a safe and economical energy generation plan. The use of pedal power also strengths muscles. The use of pedal developed over a time. However, nowadays, it has become a useful and economical way of generating energy. The energy generated in this process is also used to produce electricity. It is also very competitive compared to other form of energy bucause it is eco-friendly. As a simple remedy to the problem, we, the researchers develop a simple human powered device charger, a pedal powered charger can be use for any electrical portable devices and it’s fixed to a bicycle to create a mechanical energy to have an electric energy while pedaling. Specifically it can be use to charge gadgets like cellular phone, i-pods, laptops, Personal Digital Assistants, and other portable devices. And developing and making this study is a great start to use mechanical energy as an alternaive to other forn of energy to create electricity without damaging the environment.
Background of the Study The researchers conducted the research to create a pedal power charger, to have the simplest way of generating energy by means of the human being energy. Based on the researcher’s initial knowledge, the country has an expensive and limited supply of electrical energy. Form that they formed the idea to create a simple way of generating energy. The researcher’s thought that bike can be used to generate electricity. So the researcher’s conducted some interview with some knowledgeable person to know more about the field. A bicycle, often called a bike is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. Aperson who rides a bicycle is called a cyclist, or bycyclist. The invention of the bicycle has an enormous effect on society in culture and in other aspect like in modem industry. It opens the way to the invention of different machine specifically in the field of automobile. A Pedal Powered generator provides a method of generating electricity by means of a modified exercise bike for use in energy storage and running household appliances. Human/mechanical energy is converted into electrical current by means of a Direct Current (DC) generator that is connected by a fan belt to an exercise bike flywheel. Now that the potential power output for an average cyclist has been defined it is possible to design a human powered energy generator. The information that is contained withn this web page is intended to allow the reader to examine potential uses for this design. This example is based upon calculations done by myself, and can be used as a template for design of different energy demand systems. This system would be most appropriate for a household with more than four people that do not have high energy demands, and are in average physical condition.
Statement of the Problem
• To develop a vehicle that can be use as a renewable energy, environmentally friendly and cheap.
• Determine the lenght of charging time of a cell phone using bicycle charger
• Determine the acceptability of using bicycle charger as an alternative source of a charger.
Scope and Limitation The study focused on using pedal power as a source of electricity for charging different gadgets, portable devices, etc. The study will be conducted at Mabitac, Laguna and Siniloan, Laguna during the first semester of S.Y. 2012 – 2013. The study has limited a source on its material that causes delay to complete the research. Testing the product should be in a good road and no traffic or other things that lead to the delay of some data.
Significance of the Study The researchers believe that this study will be a great help to the following:
1. Those household who have not been reach by the electric line by the electric company in those rural areas, and those experiencing rotating brownout.
2. Those people who wants additional information and ideas.
3. The next researcher who wants further information and for reference.

Definition of Terms

Theoretical Framework An electric generator is a device used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, the generator is based on the principle of “electromagnetic induction” discovered in 1831 by Michael Faraday, a British scientist. Faraday tells that an electric current will flow (be induced) in the conductor. So the mechanical energy of the moving wire is converted into the electric energy of the current that flows in the wire. The mechanical energy needed to turn the generator comes from the brown hand crank at the front of the generator. In a hydroelectric power plant, the mechanical energy to turn the generator comes from the water turbine, which is turned by the force of falling water. The hand crank causes the red wire to spin inside a magnetic field (the blue lines). As Faraday learned, moving the wire through the magnetic field causes electric to flow in the wire. The turning red wire is connected to a volt meter, which shows the amount of electric current that is produced. In a hydroelectric plant, the generator is connected to transmission lines that deliver the electricity to your home or business. This allow you to control the speed and direction of the generator and turn portions of the animation on and off for greater clarity. You can also use the radio buttons to show a direct current, or DC generator (with commutator) or an alternating current, or AC generator.

A simple theory of operation for a pulley system assumes that the pulleys and lines are weightless, and that there is no energy loss due to friction. It is also assumed that the lines do not stretch. With this assumption, it follows that, in equilibrium, the total force on the pulley must be zero. This means that the force on the axle of the pulley is shared equally by two lines looping through the pulley. For the case where the lines are not parallel, the tensions in each line are still equal, but now the vector sum of all forces is zero. A second basic equation for the pulley follows from the conservation of energy: The product of the weight lifted times the distance it is moved is equal to the product of the lifting force (the tension in the lifting line) times the distance the lifting line is moved. The weight lifted divided by the lifting force is denied as the advantage of the pulley sysyem.
It is important to notice that the amount of work done in an ideal pulley is always the same. The work is given by the effort times the distance moved. The pulley simply allows trading effort for distance.
A single movable pulley allows a unit weight to be lifted with only half the force needed to lifting force and the “celling” which is some immovable object. The advantage of this system is two. Although the force needed to lift the unit weight is only half of the unit weight, we will need to draw a lenght of rope that is twice the distance that the weight is lifted, so that the total amount of work done remains the same. Adding of a fixed pulley to the single pulley system can yield an increase of advantage. The addition of a fixed pulley yields a lifting advantage of three. The tension in each line is one-third the unit weight, and the force on the axles of each pulley is two-thirds of a unit weight. As in the case of a simple pulley systems, another pulley may be added to reverse the direction of the lifting force, but with no increase in advantage.
This process can be continued indefinitely for ideal pulleys with each additional pulley yielding a unit increase in advantage. Gor real pulleys, however, friction between the rope and pulleys will increase as more pulleys are added, to the point that no advantage is possible. It puts a limit for the number of pulleys we can use in practice. The above pulley systems are known collectively as block and tackle pulley systems. In complicated compound pulley, a block and tackle system with advantage four is shown in practical block and pulley system.
Other pulley systems are possible, and some can deliver an increased advantage with fewer pulleys than the block and tackle system. The advantage of the block and tackle system is that each pulley and line is subjected to equal tensions and forces. Efficient design dictates that each line and pulley be capable of handling its load, and no more. Other pulley designs will require different strenghts of lines and pulleys depending on their position in the system. However, a block and tackle system can use the same line size throughout, and can mount the fixed and movable pulleys on a common axle. Usher, Abbott Payson (1988). A Histoy of Mechanical Inventions

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1