...produce from the farmer's market instead of the grocery store. D) Jeremy generally recycles his old newspapers and cardboard boxes. E) All of the above are examples of consumer behavior. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5 Skill: Application Objective: 1.1: Understand what consumer behavior is and the different types of consumers 3) When Bill orders five movie tickets online for himself and his friends for a Friday night showing of the latest action thriller, he is acting as a(n) A) organizational consumer B) team consumer C) non-profit consumer D) market consumer E) personal consumer Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5 Skill: Application Objective: 1.1: Understand what consumer behavior is and the different types of consumers 4) The term "consumer behavior" describes two different kinds of consumers: ________ and ________ consumers. A) non-profit; government B) non-profit; for profit C) personal; organizational D) government; private E) organizational; private Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 Skill: Concept Objective: 1.1:...
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...Military and Societal Values 2799 words (8 double-spaced pages) Colonel Malham M. Wakin, in his evening address, asks whether Plato's claim that "knowledge is virtue" is true. Much contemporary experience suggests otherwise. To some extent, such an observation could apply to the military as well. Col Wakin argues that we do have some basic knowledge about human conduct, but that we live in a highly pluralistic society in which some practices reject that basic knowledge. Nonetheless, even though we draw members of the military from that pluralistic society, the uniqueness of the military function will always keep its leading practitioners apart from the mainstream of civilian society. The military profession swears to defend the values, the lifestyle that incorporates the minimal conditions for human dignity. After examining the convergence of the values that are functionally necessary for the military and those that we know are fundamental to social existence, he concludes that a competent military profession can serve as a moral anchor for its parent society. I Many years ago when I learned I was going to have the opportunity to study philosophy at the graduate level, I was tremendously excited. What a wonderful opportunity this would be, I thought, to sit at the feet of Socrates and be enlightened by those who studied the crucial problems of human existence. I expected that senior philosophy professors would be marvelous role models in their personal lives and I looked...
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...The Influence of Societal Norms on Leadership, Corporate Culture and Ethical Business Practices Media is consistently reporting scandals, acts of dishonesty, and other unethical behaviors by organizations within the United States and abroad; many factors can be attributed to this issue. The primary reason is a corporate culture that lacks emphasis on ethical decision-making (Chen, Sawyers & Williams, 1997). Leadership often feels pressured to sellout their personal ethics to achieve organizational goals at any cost. The behaviors and actions of a workforce within an organization can be influenced by many factors. The culture within an organization consists of the behaviors and actions of the employees, management, stakeholders, creditors, customers, and society (Chan & Cheung, 2012). Corporate culture is defined as “the shared beliefs top managers in a company have about how they should manage themselves and other employees, and how they should conduct their business (es) (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2013 p. 181). How does this culture affect the business practices within the organization? If unethical behavior is the practice of the leadership within the organization then the employees within the organization will be negatively affected and therefore also exhibit unethical practices. If the leadership has significant influence over the workforce what may influence the leadership within the organization? Societal norms may negatively or positively impact the culture...
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...with both failure and success. Contrary to the way others would react to good or bad situations, Emerson stood out in the way that he did not believe one had to go through a roller coaster of emotions in reaction to those situations. He published dozens of essays and gave more than 1,500 public lectures across the country, spreading his beliefs to those who also disagreed with the pressure society put on the individual. “To believe your own thought, to believe what is true in your private heart, is true for all men, -- that is genius.” (Emerson, 269). Emerson strongly advocated for the power of the individual by clearly stating the importance of personal intuition and individualism. He believed that by being courageous and standing up for your personal beliefs, and doing what you have decided is wrong or right, from your personal experience, is the ultimate happiness and peace. Being independent does not necessarily mean removing yourself from society, and all it has to offer. Instead, it means staying...
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...Self Culture and Society - Dorothy Lee "Individual Autonomy and Social Structure" Essay 1 October 2015 Many societies have adopted the notion of following a social structure where there is a type of hierarchy in an organisation based on the relationship between individuals. In the Western culture, a social structure is defined as a system that is based on the establishment of social interactions between diverse relationships such as those between parents and children. In contrast, non-western societies have been living a lifestyle where individual autonomy prevails within different families. Hence, in those societies, the concept of child-rearing is a process of self-governance. This idea is well depicted in Dorothy Lee’s article titled Individual Autonomy and Social Structure in which she illustrates the key social problem as the conflict between individual autonomy and social structure. In this paper, I will be exploring how the concept of child-rearing within the Navaho Indians, the Wintu Indians and Sikh cultures is used to resolve the key social problem by analysing how individual autonomy is shaped by cultural framework and by examining the idea of individual integrity as well as self-governance. To begin with, through the use of different societies and cultures such as Aboriginal societies, Upper Burma and the Burmese society, Lee presents the reader with materials from each society in order to show how the idea of individual autonomy is reinforced by...
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...Societal expectations for acceptance. The way individuals choose to carry themselves in everyday life is affected by societal expectations. These societal expectations are sort of an unofficial guideline by which individuals live their lives. Whether it’s gender roles or just wanting to be accepted by others, people feel the need to “live” according to these guidelines. As time progresses so do the “guidelines” and if the individuals cannot keep up with these norms, they can be left behind or deemed as an outcast. Gender roles seem to be the most common. From the day a child is born societal norms are placed on them. For example a young boy’s room will be probably be blue and filled with sports items, while a young girls room will be pink and be filled with dolls and a play kitchen set. These small details, along with expectations, begin to shape their role in society. “Barbie Q” by Sandra Cisneros is a perfect example of societal expectations. In this short story Cisneros introduces two young girls who are playing with their Barbie dolls. The girls go into great detail when describing their dolls and the outfits the dolls are wearing. One can conclude that the girls are poor when the main character tells the reader that they only have one outfit for their dolls. They even had to make a dress from a sock because they could not afford other outfits. This is further illustrated when the girls begin describing how they will play with the dolls. Everyday...
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...Regardless of policies providing gender equality, the women still confront discrimination in the workplace. The author introduces CSR as a valuable tool with its main pillars-diversity and equality. CSR addresses to this issue because to provide business world with gender equality can result in powerful economies, stable societies, and improvement in quality of life for families. Despite the fact that women’s presence in the workplace expands, they are not allowed to work in the top positions. Women face glass ceiling which is managed by invisible hand for positions about management and leadership. The author shows organizational, societal, personal, and legal factors to find an appropriate reason for glass ceiling. The reason can be summarized that gender inequality generates from shortage of policies, mental attitudes, lack of self-confidence, and the limit of employment opportunities for women. From the beginning of the article to the end the author emphasizes the trainings to increase awareness of women about their rights can be solution of this problem. At the same time there is a great need to make changes in the organizational policies and mental...
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...Before we begin What are behaviors that society frowns on? What are behaviors that you personally would never do? What are behaviors that professionals have to do? Does this slide look familiar? Deadlines and notifications May 2: Draft of Self-development plan due Submitted electronically through Turnitin.com May 9: PeerMark review of classmate’s paper is due May 16: Final version of self-development plan due May 19: Final exam at 12:15 THURSDAY Morality and Ethics What is a value? Be Honest What kinds of behaviors would let someone know you are honest? Those behaviors are NOT values. They are symptoms or symbols of the values you hold. Which of the following have you done? Heard that one friend lied to another, but didn’t do anything about it Stood by while a friend lied to another friend Lied or withheld information in an email Let friends take advantage of a discount, rebate, or another benefit that you get from work (e.g. free food, free drinks, etc.) Taken a benefit from a friend (e.g. received a free food, etc.) Lied to a customer or client Lied to a co-worker or fellow student Lied to a subordinate Stolen from your workplace Which of these are questionnable, ethically, and why? Heard that one friend lied to another, but didn’t do anything about it Stood by while a friend lied to another friend Lied or withheld information in an email Let friends take advantage of a discount, rebate, or another benefit that you get from work Taken a benefit...
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...Consumerism and the Impact of Social Class “People in a consumer society consume to improve their quality of life; there are costs associated with this practice (financial, time, ecological, societal and human) for the individual and the collective” (McGregor). Associated in this piece is the concentration in the belief of consumerism’s affect on the societal structure in terms of the social class standards, between lower, middle, and upper class sections. The dependent variable is consumerism; the rise in spending and its involvement and impact in the economy and social standards of today’s society. Independent variable is the focus of socioeconomic status and social class; concerning the idea that wealth allows greater amounts of consuming, however the lower class strives for similar status in the material and nonmaterial goods. Factors that provide consumerism in society and the economy are the buying of consumer goods, which has expanded in recent decades to national and global lengths. Consumerism is said to be the reason that the U.S. had turned citizens into shoppers, making Americans less free to the economy and the market. Globalization; the process of goods and services over national boundaries, is a rising factor, due to the buying, selling and networking of products globally. Countries like the U.S. China have benefitted by the globalization, but also have impacted their society and culture, from the influence of cultural differences, negatively and positively...
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...anyone other than oneself. It is a personal thing. It is the realization of goals, desires, or plans made by one's self. It is not measurable and yet it is something we always use to compare others or appraise someone’s worth. Success, in one form or another, is something that we will always be striving for. Success is also defined as living well and living a stress free life. There are three levels of living well and succeeding in life: societal success, personal success, and academic or professional success. Everybody comes from a society that expects us to live as per their goals as we also work towards achieving our personal goals. The natural tendencies humans possess have a lot to do with the societal success. We have achieved societal success, typically, if we have met the right person, lived happily, started a family and raised our children well. Having good friends would also be associated with societal success. A part of societal success is also to learn to treat people well, to treat other people as we would wish them to treat us as per the “golden rule.” We need to fill these goals that the society has for us and attempt to achieve societal success in order to fill our need to belong to society and fit in as an everyday, functioning member of society. We also realize the personal goals and dreams that we set in this pursuit of conformity. Achieving this civic success is only a small part of our venture to living well. Personal success is being able to spend one’s...
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...Legal Issues in Nursing NUR/391 July 28, 2013 Mary Nicks, MSN, RN Ethical and Legal Issues in Nursing In this paper ethical and legal issues will be reviewed concerning the decisions and responsibilities of the nurse in the case of Marianne who has had a stroke and the decisions that the family is facing for treatment or end of life care. The legal and ethical issues in a malpractice case that occurred several years ago and the responsibility of the nurse to her employer, the nurse being sued, the client in question, and the institution’s client will be reviewed. The areas that will be reviewed include how the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics would influence a final decision in each case study, how personal and societal values can influence the ethical decision making, the fundamental legal aspects of each case study, and the legal responsibility of the nurse in the work setting. The ANA code of Ethics must be followed in practice and is an especially useful tool when there are difficult legal and ethical issues that arise in nursing practice. In the example of the malpractice case for negligence, as a witness to questionable practice, it is the nurse’s primary responsibility to protect the safety of the patient. Although the nurse was correct in reporting the episode to administration, she also had a duty to counsel the nurse about the inappropriate standard of care. The ANA is clear that when a nurse is aware of questionable practice the person...
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...Organisations that build strong value driven cultures frequently achieve continuous high performance. To what extent is your decision making recognisably based on your organisational core values? Core values provide a cultural norm, that informs the essence of a value driven organisation, connecting the individual to the corporate soul. Successful organisations have an implicit strength in taking advantage of the goodwill that cultural values engender. Learning to tap the improvement potential by making core values work for your company contributes significantly to the sustainable long tail. Building a Vision-Guided, Values-Driven Organization Richard Barrett is the Managing Partner of Richard Barrett and Associates and creator of the Corporate Transformation Tools®. He has written a powerful article on values driven companies. Barrett believes that organizational values are more important today than at any other time in history because the personal and societal context within which business operates is changing. Who you are as an organization, and what you stand for, is just as important as what you sell. The values that an organization lives by are important to a variety of stakeholders: Societal: Organizational values need to meet society’s expectations with regard to environmental stewardship and social responsibility. Failure to support society’s values can have a very significant impact on financial performance. Shareholders: Organizational values need to meet the needs...
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...and experiences throughout life. Natural identity is relational and constructed based on one’s own personal beliefs and values, as opposed to one’s fixed identity, which is based on characteristics and culture. Unfortunately, individuals let the unchangeable aspects of their identity limit them from creating their own unique identity. This can be due to societal views that expect an individual conform to the public image associated with his or her gender, race, and sexuality. “Losing Matt Shepard” by Beth Loffreda explores what she calls “The Limits of Identification”, and how these limits may have impacted the anti-gay murder of Matt Shepard. Similarly, “The Naked Citadel” by Susan Faludi could also be described as a text centrally concerned with the limits of identification, by exposing a connection between the image that men are expected to maintain by the general public and the behavior of the cadets in the Citadel. A community has the power to define an individual’s role based on gender, sexuality, or race, ultimately limiting his or her identity. The structure of every community is different, meaning that an individual’s role will differ and he or she learns this through experiences or traditions. However, these limits can lead to identity crises once individuals realize that societal views had been shaping their identity rather than discovering their own beliefs and core values. This raises the question as to...
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...After sharing how he taped Larry Lester’s butt together, subsequently causing complete social humiliation for him, Andrew states how he “...did it for [his] old man.” This reveals how little jurisdiction he has over his own desires. How he is forced to abuse others in order to appease not his own will, but his father’s. He then divulges as to how his “...friends.... just laughed and cheered [him] on.” Andrew exhibits his inability to separate his external jock persona from his personal choice. Ultimately, Andrew’s powerlessness against his own mind causes him to act contrary to his personal...
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...Executive Summary As the society advances and expands, businesses are faced with challenges of maintaining social responisibility through the enviroment while at the same time generate profits for their shareholders. Can a business achieve both goals without jeopordizing their economic value? In order to answer this we analyze three factors that directly affect green business strategies. Ethical consideration – Ethical consideration happens on four different levels: personal, economical, societal/enviromental, and technological. Throughly analyzing each level of consideration creates a much better understanding of different morals and values in our society. Ethical Theories – Can ethical theories be applied to help assist leaders to make more informed decisions towards developing eco-friendly principles? Based on the dentology theory and the four fundamental questions using Kantian ethics, we determined that establishing a eco-friendly principle could become a moral law. Ethical Decision-making process – Businesses that integreate a decision-making process revolving around eco-friendly core, will establish a interal company culture that will guide them to make the nessisary decisions to consistantly be enviromentally aware. Based on the findings in the report, we can conclude that it is possible for businesses to maintain a desirable level of profits and at the same time become a green business. Introduction Henry Ford once said, “Thank God men cannot fly, and...
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