...Thinking and Decision Making Paper Melitha Caldwell, Laura Robinson, Pedro Cotto MGT/350 William Crigger University of Phoenix August 11, 2011 As humans we all have our own unique traits, habits, styles and behaviors that make us individuals. With the same respect to individuality; thinking styles of individuals are unique as well. Not only by the upbringing by which thinking styles were developed but also by the behavioral actions and reactions to different situations that we face. In our paper we will examine three different types of thinking styles. We speak about the emotional, optimist and logical thinking styles and explain the differences and alikeness of those styles then apply them to the decision making process. Emotional thinking plays an important role of the types of thinking styles. Individuals, who manage to have this type of thinking style, subject themselves to make a bad decision when faced with a problem. Most emotional thinkers will lash out at their respected manager when they feel as if they are being taken advantage of in the workplace. For example, if an employee is late for work and the manager ask him or her to do the job of the late employee, they may give a negative response to the situation, causing him or her to say something they may regret. Moreover, a logical thinker must be able to use common sense in order to analyze what the problem is. When problems of any kind arise, the best action to take is to step...
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...Thinking and Decision Making MGT/350 March 4, 2010 Thinking and Decision Making Thinking Styles Emotional Thinkers Emotions are a vital part of the decision making process and the human experience. Emotional thinkers begin with a thought that translates to their behavior. An emotional thinker reaction is in connection to their personal belief system of the environment or culture that they were raise in. Emotions and behavior are the two main characters of an emotional thinker,which drives thoughts. Emotional thinkers can have a positive effect on the decision making process. These thinkers can be compassionate toward others, which a logical thinker may only rely on facts. Whereas emotions can be used as a positive tool to how others how much a person cares, it can also have negative consequences. Emotions limit the ability to apply critical thinking toward the thinking process. Anger has ruined countless relationships, cause many fights, and motivates leaders into makingbad decisions. This happens when a person allows his or her emotions to impair their judgmentduring the thinking process; it limits their ability to think critically. Kirby and Goodpastor (2007) points out that no matter what the underlining factors, when a person display emotions with anger, it is important not to make decisions. Pessimistic Thinking Pessimistic thinking is negative thinking. A person who thinks pessimistically rarely has anything positive to say and is always looking...
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...Thinking and Decision Making Joshua Bustos, Markethia Hughes, William Huntzinger, Gabriella Nava, and Patricia Williamson MGT 350 February 27, 2012 Courtney Wilson Thinking and Decision Making Logical Thinking Everyone is born with the ability to reason, even on a primary level. Logical thinking is a process in solving problems that requires reasoning. The word logic is from ancient Greek. Logic is a science that studies the principles of correct reasoning. There are two types of logical reasoning induction and deduction. Inductive reasoning is also known as inductive logic is the process of reasoning for specific evidence, observation, or experimentation. Inductive reasoning individuals do every day in his or her lives. Deductive thinking is also known as deductive logic the process of reasoning based on common knowledge. A logical thinker needs to recognize illogical thinking. Critical thinkers will ask questions to determine if the issue is logical or illogical for instance; do the pieces fit together logically? Are you really sure this makes sense? Are you certain it is in the publication? It is imperative the questions that are asked needs to be specific and precise to the situation or issue. If there is any inconsistences exist when finish asking the questions it is more likely the thinking path is illogical. It is important for logical thinkers to follow the facts for creditability to the situation or issue. In another words “When the combined thoughts...
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...Running head: Thinking and Decision Making 1 Thinking and Decision Making Paper Learning Team B MGT/350 Critical Thinking: Strategies in Decision Making Donna Rumrill, Eboni High, Portia Mack, Wesley Wendtland February 12, 2012 Instructor Michelle Malone Thinking and Decision Making 2 Decisions will have to be made as people go through life. In some cases, our decisions are big and then there are some cases where our decisions are small. When making decisions, there is a process that a person goes through. There are different types of thinking styles and thought processes. The way someone feels, believes, attitude, and associate ideas can contribute to their thinking style. There are numerous thinking styles and methods of thinking which usually makes thought processes individualized to where people think and make decisions differently. This paper will discuss and analyze three different types of thinking styles. The thinking styles that will be discussed in this paper are the persuasive, scientific and the pessimistic thinking style. This paper will compare and contrast the three different styles and discuss how each affects the critical thinking process. This paper will also incorporate critical thinking to the decision making process by including the discussion on workplace examples that involve the three different types...
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...Critical Thinking and Decision Making Inessa Arutunyan Linda Iacoboni Anisha Lalwani Dan Sarbu MGT/350 November 7, 2011 James Chatterton Critical Thinking and Decision Making Critical thinking is thinking comprised with careful judgment. One gathers facts and evidence then analyzes the data to come to an objective conclusion. Decision-making is the process of arriving at an agreement through careful analysis without bias. When applying the process of critical thinking sound and solid decisions evolve. Several types of thinking can enhance or inhibit critical thinking when one is moving toward a decision. For example, emotional thinking or, sometimes referred to as emotional intelligence. Emotions are "a state of consciousness having to do with the arousal of feelings” (Webster’s New World Dictionary). Feelings can be pleasant or unpleasant that one can react to when in action or thinking. Intelligence is a measure of the amount a person can favorably (or unfavorably) apply sound judgment and reason to a situation while deciding their feelings to the situation (Elder, 1996). Critical thinking is the ability to advance ones thinking toward logic and the capacity to analytically reason. Emotions can cause a defect in critical thinking. Emotions are one’s internal gauge, letting one know how he or she is doing in any...
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...Thinking and Decision Making Thinking incorporates an individual’s thoughts through a process of carefully evaluating decisions so that a conclusion can be determined. Decision-making additionally involves implementing the proper steps so that the individual will reach his or her goals by making the right choices. The purpose of this paper is to present various concepts of different thinking styles. The thinking styles that will be discussed are emotionally, logically, creative, realistic, optimistically, pessimistically, divergently, and scientific style. Additionally, the following will discuss how to compare and contrast the three different types of thinking and comment on how each affects the critical-thinking process. Finally, the following will provide critical thinking to the decision-making process by discussing workplace examples that highlight each of the three different types of thinking. Logically Style Logical thinking is a style in which an individual feels that everyone should be thinking the same way as they do. Thinking logically can be either inductive or deductive. “Deductive thinking is the kind of reasoning that begins with two or more premises and derives a conclusion that must follow from those premises, a conclusion that is in fact contained or hidden in those very premises” (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007, p. 156). “Inductive reasoning usually begins with a set of evidence or observations about some members of a class, or about some events” (Kirby & Goodpaster...
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...10 strenghts 1. Responsible 2. Quick learner (mental and physical-muscle emory) 3. Adaptive 4. Motivating (self and others) 5. Natural leader 6. Team Player 7. Good decision making skills 8. Knows at least three languages 9. Humble 10. Punctuality 10 weakness 1. I always assert that I am always right (know-it-all) 2. Introvert 3. Procrastinator 4. Over-thinker 5. Indifferent 6. Hard time coping with mistakes (sometimes) 7. Having a mentality that I do not want to share my knowledge to others 8. Not sensitive to others 9. People pleaser 10. Pessimistic thinking on a situation. A role model is an individual who is looked up to and revered by someone else. A role model is someone who other individuals aspire to be like, either in the present or in the future. A role model may be someone who you know and interact with on a regular basis, or may be someone who you've never met. For me,my role model is my father. One of the qualities that he has that made him my role model is that his ability to solve problems and come up with answers swiftly. In addition, he is a very logical thinker. As Booker T. Washington once said, “Success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which one has overcome.” My dad has atoned to this statement whe re in I saw the challenges he brushed off just to give me this kind of life. He influenced me to become a better person...
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...DECISION MAKING • choices from two or more alternative courses of action • all organizational members make decisions • involves gathering what information is known, identifying the options and assessing the risk and making the best decisions with the information available in a timely matter • Decision-Making Process a comprehensive, 8-step process Developing Alternatives Developing Alternatives Allocating Weights to the Criteria Allocating Weights to the Criteria Identifying Decision Criteria Identifying Decision Criteria Problem Identification Problem Identification Evaluating Decision Effectiveness Evaluating Decision Effectiveness Implementing the alternative Implementing the alternative Selecting an alternative Selecting an alternative Analyzing alternative Analyzing alternative Step 1 - Identifying a Problem • must be such that it exerts pressure to act • manager is unlikely to characterize a situation as a problem unless s/he has resources necessary to act Step 2 - Identifying Decision Criteria Decision criteria - what’s relevant in making a decision. What factors are relevant in making a decision Step 3 - Allocating Weights to the Criteria Must weight the criteria to give them appropriate priority in the decision. Not all criteria are equally important. Step 4 - Developing Alternatives List the viable alternatives that could resolve the problem without evaluating them Step 5 - Analyzing Alternatives Each alternative is evaluated...
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...[pic] School of Business Syllabus MGT/350 Version 5 Critical Thinking: Strategies in Decision Making Lou Ferracane Course Start Date: 10/26/2010 Course End Date: 11/23/2010 Campus/Learning Center: Oklahoma City Campus Please print a copy of this syllabus for handy reference. Whenever there is a question about what assignments are due, please remember this syllabus is considered the ruling document. Copyright Copyright © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2003, 2001, 2000 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. Facilitator Information Lou Ferracane ferracal@email.phoenix...
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...Chapter 2 Making Decisions In this chapter, students will explore the importance of decision-making to managers and learn how to make effective decisions. |LEARNING OBJECTIVES | | 1. Describe the eight steps in the decision-making process. 2. Explain the four ways managers make change. 3. Classify decisions and decision-making conditions. 4. Describe different decision-making styles and discuss how biases affect decision making. 5. Identify effective decision-making techniques. |It’s Your Career | | Be a Better Decision Maker Decisions are an essential part of your life, personally and professionally. Each and every day is a series of decisions, from minor to significant, and everything in between. Good decision-making is a skill, and like any skill, it can be learned and improved. So, how can you improve your decision-making skills? The chapter outlines four things students need to know; each numbered item will be described further in the chapter: 1. Know, understand, and use the decision-making process. Yes, there is a “method” to making decisions that takes you from identifying problems to evaluating the effectiveness of your decision. It works. Know it. Understand it. Use it. 2. Know when and how to use rational or intuitive decision-making...
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...Chapter 2 Making Decisions In this chapter, students will explore the importance of decision-making to managers and learn how to make effective decisions. |LEARNING OBJECTIVES | | 1. Describe the eight steps in the decision-making process. 2. Explain the four ways managers make change. 3. Classify decisions and decision-making conditions. 4. Describe different decision-making styles and discuss how biases affect decision making. 5. Identify effective decision-making techniques. |It’s Your Career | | Be a Better Decision Maker Decisions are an essential part of your life, personally and professionally. Each and every day is a series of decisions, from minor to significant, and everything in between. Good decision-making is a skill, and like any skill, it can be learned and improved. So, how can you improve your decision-making skills? The chapter outlines four things students need to know; each numbered item will be described further in the chapter: 1. Know, understand, and use the decision-making process. Yes, there is a “method” to making decisions that takes you from identifying problems to evaluating the effectiveness of your decision. It works. Know it. Understand it. Use it. 2. Know when and how to use rational or intuitive decision-making or both. Different...
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...a rational and effective thinking technique in which a person can evaluate all sides of critical decision making and most often plan for all possible scenarios in a particular situation. The situation that we are discussing in this scenario is the establishment of a Walgreens on the small island of Kava. The technique we will be using to analyze the situation is the “Six Thinking Hats” or the “de Bono Hats System”. As stated by Wikipedia (2009), S.T.H “is a thinking tool for group discussion and individual thinking. Combined with the idea of parallel thinking which is associated with it, it provides a means for groups to think together more effectively, and a means to plan thinking processes in a detailed and cohesive way.” In the article Six Thinking Hats: Looking at a Decision from All Points of View the author explained “Six thinking hats is a powerful technique that helps to look at important decisions from a number of different perspectives” (2008). He goes on to say “It helps to make better decision by pushing one to move outside their habitual ways of thinking. It helps to understand the full complexity of the decision, and spot issues and opportunities to which one might otherwise be blind” (U.K.A., 2008). When using this particular problem solving technique it makes it possible for one to solve problems and analyze scenarios from multiple approaches. We will now look at the Decisions in Paradise scenario using the “Six Thinking Hats” approach. White...
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...Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts Peter A. Facione The late George Carlin worked “critical thinking” into one of his comedic monologue rants on the perils of trusting our lives and fortunes to the decision-making of people who were gullible, uninformed, and unreflective. Had he lived to experience the economic collapse of 2008 and 2009, he would have surely added more to his caustic but accurate assessments regarding how failing to anticipate the consequences of one’s decisions often leads to disastrous results not only for the decision maker, but for many other people as well. After years of viewing higher education as more of a private good which benefits only the student, we are again beginning to appreciate higher education as being also a public good which benefits society. Is it not a wiser social policy to invest in the education of the future workforce, rather than to suffer the financial costs and endure the fiscal and social burdens associated with economic weakness, public health problems, crime, and avoidable poverty? Perhaps that realization, along with its obvious advantages for high level strategic decision making, is what lead the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to comment on critical thinking in his commencement address to a graduating class of military officers. Teach people to make good decisions and you equip them to improve © 2013, 2011, 2006, 2004, 1998, 1992, Peter A. Facione, Measured Reasons and The California Academic Press...
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...Week 1: Introduction to Critical Thinking This week, Madam Aznur started our learning by explaining about the differences between the critical thinking and creative thinking. Critical thinking is a cognitive activity-associated with using the mind and basically is using by the left brain, while creative thinking is using by the right brain. Being the type of person that likes to read about any argument or debate about some matter especially when it comes to economics and politics, I can confidently say that critical thinking is the most important subject I’ve ever offered in my academic life. My abilities to recognize technique used to make certain position more appealing, reflecting an issue in a structured manner, drawing conclusion, synthesizing information and presenting a point of view were a complete joke. Having all these disabilities, I believe critical thinking, as a subject, is the best thing has happened to my academic life. I intend to attentively to study this subject and allow it to have an impact on my academic and social life. Week 2: The Basic Structure of Argument During week 2, I’ve learned about the basic structure of an argument. Argument can be simply defined as a series of statements used to persuade someone of something. There are two main components in argument, which are the premise and the conclusion. We also learned about proposition. Proposition is a declarity and it can be either true or false. We also have been taught about statement:...
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...Beyond Feelings A Guide to Critical Thinking NINTH EDITION Vincent Ryan Ruggiero Professor Emeritus of Humanities State University of New York, Delhi BEYOND FEELINGS: A GUIDE TO CRITICAL THINKING, NINTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2009, 2007 and 2004. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC/DOC 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: MHID: 978-0-07-803818-1 0-07-803818-9 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Michael Ryan Vice President EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Editorial Director: Beth Mejia Senior Managing Editor: Meghan Campbell Executive Marketing Manager: Pamela S. Cooper Senior Project Manager: Joyce Watters Buyer: Nicole Baumgartner Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Media Project Manager: Sridevi Palani Compositor: Glyph International Typeface: 10/13 Palatino Printer: R...
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