...Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 alg3@cornell.edu Abstract: We demonstrate highly broad-band frequency conversion via four-wave mixing in silicon nanowaveguides. Through appropriate engineering of the waveguide dimensions, conversion bandwidths greater than 150 nm are achieved and peak conversion efficiencies of -9.6 dB are demonstrated. Furthermore, utilizing fourth-order dispersion, wavelength conversion across four telecommunication bands from 1477 nm (S-band) to 1672 nm (U-band) is demonstrated with an efficiency of -12 dB. © 2007 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (190.4380) Four-wave mixing; (130.5990) Semiconductors; (130.4310) Nonlinear; (130.3060) Infrared References and links 1. H. K. Tsang, C. S. Wong, T. K. Liang, I. E. Day, S. W. Roberts, A. Harpin, J. Drake, M. Asghari, “Optical dispersion, two-photon absorption and self-phase modulation in silicon waveguides at 1.5 µ m wavelength,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 416 (2002). 2. M. Dinu, F. Quochi, H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2954 (2003). 3. T. Liang, L. Nunes, T. Sakamoto, K. Sasagawa, T. Kawanishi, M. Tsuchiya, G. Priem, D. Van Thourhout, P. Dumon, R. Baets, H. Tsang, “Ultrafast all-optical switching by cross-absorption modulation in silicon wire waveguides,” Opt. Express 13, 7298 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-19-7298. 4. R. A. Soref, B. R. Bennett, “Electrooptical...
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...amplitude and phase angles. This is due to a time lag between input and output generated. These differences are functions of frequency. In this experiment, the frequency response test is used to identify the (linear) dynamics of a plant. It is performed by inputting a sinusoidal signal and comparing it with the sinusoidal output. Objective of Experiment 1. To perform a frequency response test on an aircraft electro-hydraulic servo-actuator, hence determining the phase and gain margins of the servo-actuator. 2. To verify that increasing the gain by the gain margin causes instability. Equipment and Apparatus 1. Electro-hydraulic servo-actuator 2. Amplifier unit 3. Oscilloscope (CRO) 4. Function generator (FG) 5. Hydraulic power supply (outside laboratory) Background of Experiment This experiment utilizes a servo mechanism which is an automatic device that takes advantage of error-sensing feedback to correct and amplify the signal. The servo system comprises of a servo-actuator and an amplifier unit. In aircrafts, a similar system is used to convert electrical autopilot voltage outputs into a proportional mechanical movement. The mechanical movement is linked to the control rods, which controls the equipment the pilot uses to move the plane parts. When the output position is changed, the time delay should be minimal, but the response should not oscillate. These specifications usually determine the gain (or attenuation) and phase angle at some...
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...assignment that covers Week 3 of our ET1410 class. You should neatly show your steps in the middle column, and provide your final answer in the right hand column. NEATNESS COUNTS. You must work in pencil, not pen. Must include units of measure in your answer!!! If no units, or incorrect units, points will be deducted. ProblemNo. | Your Solution | Final Answer (Restate Your Final Answer Here) | 1 | The upper critical frequency of an op-amp’s open-loop response is 200 Hz. If the midrange gain is 175,000 what is: (a) ideal gain at 200 Hz? (b) the actual gain? (c) The op-amps open loop bandwidth? | (a)____________(b)____________(c)____________ | 2 | Determine the attenuation of an RC lag network with fc = 12 kHz for each of the following frequencies. (a) 1 kHz (b) 5 kHz (c) 12 kHz (d) 20 kHz (e) 100 kHz | (a)____________(b)____________(c)____________(d)____________(e)____________ | 3 | Determine the phase shift through the network at a frequency of 2 kHz: | | 4 | Determine the phase shift through the network at a frequency of 2 kHz: | | 5 | Determine the phase shift through the network at a frequency of 2 kHz: | | 6 | A certain op-amp has three internal amplifier stages with midrange gains of 30dB, 40dB, and 20dB. Each stage also has a critical frequency associated with it as follows: fc1= 600Hz, fc2 =50kHz, and fc3 = 200kHz. (a) What is the midrange open-loop gain of the op-amp, expressed in dB? (b) What is the total phase shift through the amplifier...
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...Introduction: A network which freely passes desired band of frequencies while almost suppress other band of frequencies is called filter. This type of network was first examined by G.A Campbell and O.J Zobel of bell telephone laboratories. Filters are networks that process signals in a frequency-dependent manner. The basic concept of a filter can be explained by examining the frequency dependent nature of the impedance of capacitors and inductors. In filters, attenuation changes suddenly as the frequency is varied. Thus, filters have ability to discriminate between signals which differ in frequency. Filters are widely employed in signal processing and communication systems in applications such as channel equalization, noise reduction, radar, audio processing, video processing, biomedical signal processing, and analysis of economic and financial data. For example in a radio receiver band-pass filters, or tuners, are used to extract the signals from a radio channel. In an audio graphic equalizer the input signal is filtered into a number of sub-band signals and the gain for each sub-band can be varied manually with a set of controls to change the perceived audio sensation. In a Dolby system pre-filtering and post filtering are used to minimize the effect of noise. In hi-fi audio a compensating filter may be included in the preamplifier to compensate for the non-ideal frequency-response characteristics of the speakers. Filters are also used to create perceptual audio-visual effects...
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...Abstract This report illustrates through the figures and results the procedures taken in this laboratory experiment to implement different Field Effect Transistor (FET) amplifier circuits. Firstly, is the procedure part which includes the design and results of whole task of the experiments and analyses the results of the task. the design and results part includes the tables, figures, equations and some comments about the results and it is divided into two tasks. The analyses the results part of the report investigate some errors of it. After that, the report is concluded through discussing the main achievements and the recommendations if found. The measured and simulated results are presented in this report along with a discussion of how the circuit parameters were determined. 1. Procedure In this laboratory session, we dealt with another type of transistors known as the Field Effect Transistors (FET). Indeed, these transistors employ one type of charges, i.e. either electrons or holes depending on the channel polarity and hence the name unipolar devices arise. FETs are voltage controlled devices that have a very high input impedance and low noise level. Task 1: Frequency response of FET amplifier Task 2: Frequency response of Common-Drain FET amplifier: In this task, we dealt with the frequency response of Common-Drain FET amplifier shown in Figure 1 below. A dc voltage of the...
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...AFM 341 - Accounting Information Systems Week Date 1 2 3 4 Topic Jan 5 Accounting Information Systems and Firm Value Accountants as Business Analyst Jan 12 Data Modeling Relational Database and Enterprise Systems Jan 19 Sales and Collections Business Process In Class Lab (Bring Laptop with Microsoft Access 2010 or 2013 Installed) Jan 26 Purchase and Payments Business Process Conversion Business Process Feb 2 Integrated Project In Class Lab (Bring Laptop with Microsoft Access 2010 or 2013 Installed) MID-TERM EXAM – Ch. 1 to 7 – IN CLASS EXAM Reading Quiz Due (Saturday Assignment Due at 9pm) Ch.1 Quiz#1 (ch.1-2) Ch.2 Ch.3 Quiz#2 (ch.3-4) Ch.4 Ch.5 Quiz#3 (ch.5) Ch.6 Ch.7 Ch. 8 Quiz#4 (ch.6-7) Reporting Processes and XBRL Review Exam Group Presentations Feb 16 NO CLASS: Reading Week Feb 23 Accounting Information Systems and Internal Controls Group Presentations Mar 2 Information Security and Computer Fraud Review DB-Phase 2 Group Presentations Ch.9 Quiz#5 (ch.8-9) Ch.10 Quiz#6 (ch.10) Ch.11 Quiz#7 (ch.11) 10 Mar 9 Ch.12 Quiz#8 (ch.12) 11 Mar 16 Ch.13 Quiz#9 (ch.13-14) Ch. 14 Ch. 15 Quiz#10 (ch.15) 5 6 7 8 9 Feb 9 12 Mar 23 13 Mar 30 Monitoring and Auditing AIS Group Presentations The Balanced Score Card and Business Value of Information Technology Evaluating AIS Investments The Systems Development Life Cycle and Project Management Group Presentations ...
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...have in various ways, helped in the successful completion of my project. I must convey my gratitude to Ms. …………… for giving me the constant source of inspiration and help in preparing the project, personally correcting my work and providing encouragement throughout the project. I also thank all my faculty members for steering me through the tough as well as easy phases of the project in a result oriented manner with concern attention. [pic] CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this is a bona fide record to the project work done satisfactorily at JIMS by …….. .of... Vth Semester. This report or the similar report on this topic has not been submitted for any other examination and does not form part of any other course undergone by the candidate. Signature of Project Guide Name: Sunita Bawari CONTENTS PROBLEM DEFINATION [pic] 2. FEASIBILITY STUDY o ECONOMIC FEASIBIITY o TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY o OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY. 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 4. BLOCK DIAGRAM 5. DATA COLLECTION 6. SYSTEM DESIGN o E-R DIAGRAM o DATA FLOW DIAGRAM o INPUT SCREEN o REPORTS o TABLES. 7. Coding 8. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION 9. TESTING AND DEBUGGING 10. CONCLUTION 11.SCOPE OF IMPROVEMENT PROBLEM DEFINITION ...
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...regulator. 2. Simulation using p-spice for operational amplifier as summer. 3. Simulation of network theorem using p-spice. 4. Design and analyse a differentiator circuit whose minimum frequency is 100KHz 5. Design and analyse a integrator circuit whose maximum frequency is 100KHz. 6. To analyze the characteristics of instrumentation amplifier using bread board and PSpice. 7. 8. To analyze the functionality of triangular wave generator using IC -741 To determine frequency response of cascade amplifier Darlington pair. To determine the frequency response of two stage RC coupled amplifier using complementary symmetry push-pull amplifier 9. 10. To analyze the functionality of Colpitt oscillator on output frequency using bread board and PSPICE 11. Implement phase shift oscillator using bread board and Pspice. 12. To analyze the functionality of Hartley oscillator on output frequency using bread board and PSPICE EXPERIMENT 1 Title:- Simulation using P-Spice for Zener diode used as voltage regulator. Software Used- P-Spice Learning Objective: Through this experiment the working of zener diode will be proved. Procedure: The circuit of fig. 1 will be drawn on schematic editor of the software. 1. Use the circuit elements from the components option in P-Spice software. 2. For making the connections between components use the wire option from the tool bar. 3. Use the power supply from the power supply option. 4. Use the zener diode from circuit...
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...|School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science | |ELE569 Microwave Electronics | |CAD Techniques for RF Electromagnetic – The Network Analyser | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ...
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...Q1 Ten users empoly ALOHA to transmit 1000 bit packets of data. The data rate is 100 Mb/s. The data to be transmitted a distance d=10,000 Km. Assume NAK messages contain 100 bits and that is the event of a collision the average waiting time pair to retransmission is 50 µs. a) Calculate delay as a function of ρ. b) Plot D vs ρ. Q2 500 users employ TDMA to transmit 1000 bit packets of data. The channel bandwidth is 100 MHz and QPSK is employed. a) What is the max is the maximum allowable bit rate in the channel? b) What is the packet rate? c) What is the frame time – the time taken to transmit the packet from each user? Q3 a) Plot the throughput for CSMA as given by eq 16.4.35 as a function of TD/ TP for ρ = 0.25. b) At what value of TD/ TP , would slotted ALOHA field a higher throughput? Q4 Assuming that packet transmission and retransmission can both be described as a Poisson process. Calculate the probability that a data packet transmission in slotted ALOHA system will experience a collision with one other user. Assume that the total traffic rate λ = 10 packets/sec, Tp = 10 ms. Q5 Measurements of a slotted ALOHA channel shows that 20% of the slots are idle. a) What is the normalized total traffic in the channel? b) What is the normalized throughput? Q6 A TDMA system operates at 100 Mb/s with a 2ms frame time. Assume that all slots are of equal length and that a guard time of 1µs is required between slots. a) Compute the efficiency of the communication...
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...E 2 ENGLISH OS Ver. 1.1 Advanced Edit Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Sound operating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 The MIDI channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 How to select oscillators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Sounds, Drum Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Main page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Edit menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Edit page structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Basic: Sound Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Basic: OSC Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Basic: Vel/Key Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 DrumKit: Sample Setup (Drum Kits) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 DrumKit: Voice Mixer (Drum Kits) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Pitch: Pitch Mod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Pitch: Pitch EG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Filter: Filter Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...M-PSK Communication System Sunil Panthi, Graduate Student, UCI spanthi@uci.edu Bhanu Pratap Reddy, Graduate Student, UCI bpreddy@uci.edu Abstract—Modeling communication system and establishing bit error rate (BER) with signal to noise ratio (SNR) is a key element in designing communication system. Based on the communication applications, communication channels vary. In cellular communication signal attenuation and fading due to the both deterministic and non-deterministic factors is common. Free space loss is the deterministic type of attenuation. Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), fast fading (short term), and slow fading (long term or shadow fading) are non-deterministic type of fading. This paper focuses the non-deterministic channel modeling techniques and demonstrates the result in BER as a function of SNR. The relationship between BER and SNR are established for M-PSK system for three channel properties; AWGN, fast, and slow fading. AWGN channel was modeled by normal distribution. Rayleigh distribution were used for fast fading and lognormal distribution for slow fading is used to model. Three primary relationships created after the modeling are * BER to SNR relationship for BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK for AWGN only channel * BER to SNR relationship for BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK for AWGN and fast faded channel * BER to SNR relationship for BPSK for AWG, fast faded, and slow faded channel. The use case of BER to SNR is shown in a sample link...
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...onto a higher-frequency carrier signal 2. What is carrier frequency? The higher frequency that carries the modulation(Intelligience) 3. Describe the two reasons that modulation is used for communications transmissions. To transfer information, such as voices, images, or data. Also, the frequencies employed by the modulated signal are high enough to permit the use of antennas of reasonable length. 4. List the three parameters of a high-frequency carrier that may be varied by a low-frequency intelligence signal. amplitude, frequency, and phase 5. What are the frequency ranges included in the following frequency subdivisions: MF (medium frequency), HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency), and SHF (super high frequency)? MF:300 kHz–3 MHz, 3-30MHz: HF, 30–300 MHz: VHF, 300 MHz–3 GHz: UHF, 3–30 GHz: SHF 7. A microwave transmitter typically requires a +8-dBm audio level to drive the input fully. If a +10-dBm level is measured, what is the actual voltage level measured? Assume a 600- sys- tem. (2.45 V) 9. Convert the following powers to their dBm equivalents: (a) p = (b) p = (c) p = (d) p = 1 W (30 dBm) 0.001 W (0 dBm) 0.0001 W (-10 dBm) 25mW (-16 dBm) 15. Define information theory. 16. What is Hartley’s law? Explain its significance. 23. A triangle wave of the type shown in Table 1-3(e) has a peak-to-peak amplitude of 2 V and f = 1 kHz. Write the expression v(t), including the first five harmonics. Graphically add the...
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...[Fourier analysis of Control System] [Fourier analysis of Control System] Submitted to: Dr. S. K. Raghuwanshi Submitted By: Rishi Kant Sharan Semester: V Branch: Electronics & Communication Engineering Submitted to: Dr. S. K. Raghuwanshi Submitted By: Rishi Kant Sharan Adm. No: 2010JE1117 Semester: V Branch: Electronics & Communication Engineering Abstract The assignment focuses on the Fourier analysis of Control System. Which leads to frequency domain analysis of control system. The scope of estimation and controlling the behavior a system by means of Fourier transformation of its transfer function and analyzing its frequency response. Abstract The assignment focuses on the Fourier analysis of Control System. Which leads to frequency domain analysis of control system. The scope of estimation and controlling the behavior a system by means of Fourier transformation of its transfer function and analyzing its frequency response. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT There is an old adage that says that you never really learn a subject until you teach it. I now know that you learn a subject even better when you write about it. Preparing this term paper has provided me with a wonderful opportunity to unite my love of concept in CONTROL SYSTEM. This term paper is made possible through the help and support from everyone, including: professor, friends, parents, family, and in essence, all sentient beings. Especially, please allow me to dedicate...
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...Name of the Project: Highway 407 improvement Executive summary In 2013, following 3 years of program definition, research and planning, the province of Ontario’s ministry of transportation and infrastructure launched the project to improve the existing highway 407. This highway is the busiest route and convenient to access different parts of Toronto. The proposal of highway 407 was launched in 1959 and opened to the public in June 7 1997. 407 its one of the busiest highway, the total trips in 2010 was 114.691 Million. 407 ETR is the world’s first all-electronic toll road of its kind, and from the day it was opened up to the present day it continues to fulfill its mission of relieving traffic on local highways and roads. The goal of the project “Highway 407 improvement” includes reducing congestion and travel time; improve safety; expanding networks and transportation choice for high occupancy vehicles. Given the cost of the project and other provincial priorities, a key objective was to be self-financing, paid for through ERT system. The present value cost is estimated more than $5 billion, which is calculated over the period of 35 years. Key features of the project include extending the high occupancy vehicles lanes and commercial vehicle priority access. The project will also provide the reintroduction of the public transit to a corridor that has been too crowded to support reliable service for the past few years. The request of proposal was submitted on...
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