Chad Rhodes
IT 245-1403B-04 Intro to Network Management
Phase 3 Discussion Board
Professor Jennifer Gaddy
09/03/2014

TCP/IP Model- This model IS the internet. That is to say, this is the basis on which the internet, as we know it, was created. That isn’t saying it was the first. The Internet protocol suite(TCP/IP) was introduced in 1982 as the standard networking protocol on ARPNET. In March of 1982, the Department of Defense adopted TCP/IP as the standard for military computer networking.
Layers- Compared to the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, the TCP/IP model has fewer layers. It uses encapsulation to provide abstraction of protocols and services. The Application layer is at the top and is logically closer to the user. This is where applications create the user data and communicate that data to other applications. The Transport layer provides the host to host communications, creating a channel for the communication needs of the applications. The Internet layer is where the datagrams are exchanged across the network. The Link layer serves to define the networking method, and includes the protocols describing the network topology.
Now, compare this with the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and its seven layers, wherein each layer facilitates the needs of the layer above it, while calling on the next layer below it. This model evolved from work with ARPNET, as well.

This chart shows the four layers of the TCP/IP model, showing the basic flow of information from user, via applications, to another user. I like this model for its simplicity in form and functionality.

Here is a chart showing the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and its seven layers. This illustrates the flow of datagram packets from user to user and the addition of headers as it passes through each layer.

This is a side by side illustration, comparing the layers and their functions. Though both are layered protocols, the TCP/IP model does not use all of the layers of the OSI model, even though the layers are equivalent in operation and function.
Network Management- Maintaining and Managing a network is a large field requiring a wide range of functions. FCAPS is another ISO model, and stands for Fault, Configuration, Accounting/Administration, Performance, and Security. Across the board, this serves as the framework for network management.
Fault Management- Errors are detected and the network component makes the management station aware of issues.
Configuration Management- Monitors system configuration information and changes, since a majority of issues arise when changes are made to a system.
Accounting/Administration Management- Also known as billing, this tracks network utilization.
Performance Management- Ensures the network is performing optimally at all levels.
Security Management- As the name implies, this is the process of controlling access to the network.

References

Electronic design (2013) What’s The Difference Between The OSI Seven-Layer Network Model And TCP/IP?
Retrieved from: http://electronicdesign.com/what-s-difference-between/what-s-difference-between-osi-seven-layer-network-model-and-tcpip

WIKIPEDIA, FCAPS
Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCAPS