Premium Essay

Philosophies/Paradigms

In:

Submitted By dolls
Words 754
Pages 4
Discuss the various research philosophies/ paradigms that you would propose for this study. Justify your answer.
The research paradigms are based on quantitative and qualitative research.
a) Quantitative research.
The main emphasis of quantitative research is on deductive reasoning which tends to move from the general to specific, which is sometimes referred to as top down approach. The data collected is usually prepared for statistical analysis. (Wikipedia.org.).
This type of research is associated the following research paradigms:
1. Positivism
This is a research paradigm that tries to uncover the one truth about how things are or at least what we focus on. It also explores social reality based on philosophical ideas with the emphasis of observation and reason as means of understanding human behavior. It is therefore based on human rationality, objectivity and precision.
This study demonstrated the girls transition in the World, Africa and finally how transition of girls from primary to secondary school has affected the Teso community in Kenya. The UNESCO report (2009) guided the researcher to observe that the transition rate from primary to secondary school was 62%. And it was observed that the enrollment of girls and boys was 57% and 66% respectively. (Page 4)
Government of Kenya (2009) report also aided the researcher to find that the enrollment for girls at secondary level decreases to below 30% from 50% of the total enrollment at primary school level. (Page 6)
2. Emancipatory/ Advocacy/ Participatory approach/paradigm
This paradigm places central importance on the lives and experiences of the diverse groups that traditionally have been marginalized.
In this case study, the researcher used this paradigm in gender disparities and how it has affected the world and the Teso community. It was observed that there has been rapid increase in the

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Strategic Planning Study Guide

...Strategic Planning Study Guide Strategic Planning is the process which the guiding members of an organization envision it future and develop the procedures and operations necessary to achieve that future. ************************************************************************ OldWay vs NewWay OldWay (in order of priorities) 1. The Document...the bigger the better, get the bosses of your back 2. The Process...delegated to an individual or the command staff 3. The Implementation...they could not care less NewWay (in order of priorities) 1. Implementation... 2. Process... 3. Document... The old way was about efficiency. Satisfying a govt body who wanted a document. The new way is about effectiveness. If you focus on effectiveness, the likely by product is that you will be efficient. If you focus on efficiency, the likeliness of being effective is 50/50. Involvement and participation by a lot of people equals successful implementation... The lack of the same equals resistance. You want to create ownership of the plan by the troops. ************************************************************************ Course Objectives 1. Recognize, understand and interpret emerging trends. Example: All drug trends start on the west coast. 2. Describe leadership traits of future leaders. Visionary, competent, lead by example, integrity, 3. Develop a positive organizational culture. Example: Foster learning, don't micromanage, don't manage for the slugs (10%) manage ...

Words: 2534 - Pages: 11

Free Essay

Research

...28th October 2011 Reflective journal Section M I start reading the with something unknown to me but as i move further in book,i become so glad to have solution of my main problems in my hand and start reading with more interest. I realised that indeed I’ve many paradigms and the first of all the paradigm I’m having is that somehow I believe that I’m not a good cricketer. I’ve been playing cricket since I was 9 years old. I’ve played for my school, academy and numerous clubs, but the fact that I’ve never been able to score a century and that some of my fellows are playing today at a higher level than me is something that annoys me. Moreover I also think that I’m a slow or maybe poor learner. It takes me hours to understand few pages of my course pack and consequently I’m always unable to score good in exams because mostly I’m not able to complete my syllabus on time. Similarly I think that I’m not an intelligent student Principles are foundation of any great personalities in the world because they show you to world what you are.principle of loyalty is which i am following because loyalty to any cuase , task ,person takes you nearer to that and inreturn you will get loyalty of that.Principle of respect is also an important factor that's what i m following baecuase great personalities...

Words: 349 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Thesis Draft

...The Influences of Online Gaming to the Academic Performance of the Grade 10 Business High School Students of Pasig Catholic College School Year 2015-2016 By Mesfin Bram. Diosina Jarazea Ron Bugnot Alyza Clariss Anne Lazaro Erica Mae Balogbog Enzo Rafael Raymundo Milleamor Joy Gulde Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND: Introduction: Many students this time likes to play online games such as Defense of the Ancients, League of Legends, and other online games that sometimes students forget their academic responsibilities and they end up either having low grades or failing tests and their subjects. Most of them goes to internet shops/cafes after school and play games for a minimum amount of money but they often stay there for a long period of time, most of them plays for an hour or two but some can play longer than the latter. We as students, also play and enjoy online games because playing online games is part of our leisure time as a teenager or student. We may spend a lot of time and money on it, but some students like us maintain our grades but mostly fail our grades due to ‘gaming overdose’ and that can’t be avoided due to adrenaline rushes that the games’ thrill gives us, but it can be stopped. We can stop it by limiting our gaming habits so that we can...

Words: 642 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

7 Habits of Highly Effective People Book Summary

...to get other people to like them. Personality ethic is illusory and deceptive and trying to get high quality results with its techniques and quick fixes – not effective at all. Paradigm The book talks a lot about paradigm shifts and I remember having to look it up in the dictionary to find the true meaning of it; paradigm meaning: model, theory, perception, assumption, the way we see world. Conditioning affects our perceptions/paradigms (old/young lady drawing example in the book worth checking out). We see the world not as it is but as ‘we are’ through our paradigms. Different people can have different views and still both be correct. The more aware we are of our basic paradigms the more we can examine/test them against reality, listen to others and be open to their perceptions getting a larger picture and far more objective view. Paradigm shifts move us from one way of seeing the world to another. They influence our relationship with others. Not all are good. If we want to make relatively minor changes in our lives we can appropriately focus our attitudes and behaviours, but to make significant quantum change we need to work on our basic paradigms from which our attitudes and behaviours flow. Paradigms are powerful because they create the lens though which we see the world. The power of paradigm shift is the essential power of quantum change whether that shift is instantaneous or a slow and deliberate...

Words: 992 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Bionics Technology

...#1: Paradigm shift Bionics technology Bionics technology is the use of systems and methods that occur naturally and then applying those methods and systems to engineering and technology studies (1). One example of how the study of systems in nature have been used to develop products that can be manufactured and taken to market was in the development of dirt and water resistant paint. The paint was developed after observing that nothing will stick to the leaf of the Lotus flower (2). Another example of technology that was developed from studying nature would be Sonar which mimics the echolocation of bats (3). There are currently several companies, including Raytheon and Lockheed Martin, which are developing Ekso Bionics body armor for military use. These suits would allow a soldier to lift as much as 200Lbs without assistance reducing the need for special lifting equipment in the field (4). Another advantage to soldier’s would be the ability to run greater distances with less fatigue. This would be accomplished because the weight of the soldier would be transferred to the ground through titanium legs (5). The lack of a reliable, lightweight power source is the one thing that is currently holding back the development and use of Ekso Bionics. However, developers are currently exploring the use of electrochemical and solid oxide fuel cells to overcome this problem (6). In the future this technology will be used in a more routine day to day basis in areas such as manufacturing...

Words: 373 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Personal Exploration of Knowledge

...subject to the flaws and fallibility and human thought. Epistemology addresses this by asking questions like - how is knowledge acquired and established, how do we know what we know, what is knowledge? These are basic and intriguing questions about knowledge that is not often addressed by us human beings when confronted with new or ordinary ideas and knowledge systems. They are important to ask however simply because human society's bedrock is knowledge; we live our lives influenced by systems of knowledge that control our ways of thinking, doing, and living from our simplest to most complicated tasks.                                                                     Epistemology               To truly understand epistemology as the philosophy and science of knowledge, it is important to understand what knowledge means. Knowledge is the knowing and familiarity of a skill, a person, an event, of facts, of descriptions, of abstract concepts. Acquiring knowledge can happen by exposure, by experience, by familiarity or as we are familiar with - by education. For example, if we want to learn mathematics - we study mathematics wherein we become exposed to, and learn mathematical principles. As for skills, consider for example ballerinas. Granted, a young girl has the innate talent to dance. Ballet has certain principles and skills that can only...

Words: 1492 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Paradigm

...faced to “revolutionary change” as paradigm shift. He describe it as a borderline or limitation we have set to our norm that affects how we view new ideas or change in the workplace or invention. He mentioned that great scientists and inventors of the past misread the sign of new ideas, because their old paradigm (system of rules that set limits on new ideas) could not reimagine the possibility of that idea to come true with the known resources. Barker express that one have to be able to look beyond their present paradigm to see what changes could occurs in society. People such as Einstein, Darwin and Copernicus (the Earth revolves around the Sun and not the other way around) saw adjusted to the new paradigm. 2. I believe this video is an exact example of the struggles managers of various levels and skills face today and of previous times. When in a managerial position, one is expected to be a team player than Mr. /Miss Do It Yourself (DIY). According to the textbook, one of the major challenges managers face especially new managers is changing from their old paradigm role to the new paradigm role they play in the company. One specific struggle is going from a personal identity (as the textbook described) to general specialist. Before the managerial position, you’ll be an independent entity, you having the feeling that you are capable of doing every task alone with minimal dependency on others (co-workers or supervisors). However, this paradigm normally does not make a successful...

Words: 608 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Shifting Paradigms

...| When paradigm shifts take place, we see things from a different perspective as we focus on different aspects within our lives. In regards to the work environment, shifting paradigms can directly impact the quality of the products and services. I used to believe that a successful management system breeds a consistent result. However, working for a huge company like AT&T, shifts in management styles can oftentimes yield varying results. AT&T has a reputation of being ahead of the game in regards to technology and the wave of the future. So one would think that “working on the inside” of the business I would be on top of the leading technology. I can heartily say “NOT” due to economic changes that AT&T has endured over the 16+ years that I have been employed by them. The first critical aspect of paradigm shift in an organization is making changes to the culture. When I first started working for AT&T I came into a business that was essentially operated solely by the service of humans. Automation was not quite as intricate as it is today so placing a long distance, calling card or collect call required the aid of a human operator to complete. The culture at the time was people oriented and employees really took the time to service customers and oftentimes put their heart and soul into making the business successful by developing initiatives that were filtered from bottom up. Suggestions and process improvement was encouraged directly from the employees that answered...

Words: 525 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Paradigm Shifts

...Paradigm Shifts A paradigm shift is a shift in world view which occurs whenever there is a period of stagnation and presents a radical new idea, such as the transition from steam to combustion engines. If paradigm shifts occur at an exponential rate, change approaches infinite, and is expected to reach a singularity where after that point; nothing can be known which NASA has categorized it as an impending event, estimated for 2035. As paradigm shifts occur exponentially, so will the symptoms of the Dark Age be exacerbated including the five beneficent pillars. The meanings of words exponentially vary causing lexical complexity to decay along with the ability to discern reality until it is virtual due to semantic shifts. The severity of higher education may soon become nil as nanotechnology will allow scanning of the brain thus, all thoughts, memories and knowledge can be transferred, recreated or stored for another human. Science and technology won’t help us master reality but instead further enslave the population due to greater dependences on things like nanotechnology to fight disease. Since that is power, governments will ignore needs and possibilities to focus on the prior, and no opposition will exist as semantic shifts further confuse population and government between mechanism and purpose. Finally, the individual must constantly adapt to growing environments due to paradigm shifts, and therefore causes greater inauthenticity which leads to greater ironic detachment. Thus...

Words: 268 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

E Goverence

...E-governance: Dream of the nation M. Shoeb Chowdhury Globalisation is the process of increasing connectivity and interdependence of the world's markets and businesses. In the last three decades, two driving forces -- advances in telecommunications infrastructure and the rise of the information technology, and its rapid productivity growth in the global economy -- played a key role in accelerating the pace of internationalisation. Information Technology (IT) dramatically changed traditional business and working patterns in the 1990s. Companies are now redistributing their businesses and jobs around the world. We know that Electronic Governance (popularly referred to as e-governance) is one of the most significant tools for shaping business and economics today. According to The Economist's print edition, February 14, 2008: "Countries like India may leapfrog the rich world. As it becomes clear that getting entrenched rich-country bureaucracies to move towards e-government will be slow and difficult, hopes are turning to poorer countries. Not that their bureaucracies are intrinsically more promising. Even under British colonial rule, Mahatma Gandhi was a severe critic of Indian officialdom. His words of advice are displayed in public offices all over India: "Who is a customer? The customer is the most important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption of our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our...

Words: 1166 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Paradigm Shift

...ITT Tech Gary Sims Jr. a significant change in the paradigm of any discipline or group: “Putting skilled, tenured teachers in failing schools would cause a paradigm shift in teaching and education.” 08 Fall Paradigm Shift A Paradigm Shift is not just a small change in science, or the modification of a theory. It is a scientific revolution and completely changes the way in which science looks at the world. It often dictates how the public looks at the world. A paradigm shift is often the result of scientists working at the fringe of the paradigm, performing research that most other researchers feel is a little misguided, or a dead end. In most instances, this view is correct but, every so often, a scientist has a revelation. More often than not, they feel the weight of scientific and public opinion, and become ridiculed. However, slowly but surely, other scientists try out the research, and a few lost voices in the wilderness increase into a new way of thinking. For example, explorations of chaos theory took a long time to take root, and his ideas were marginalized, because they lay outside the established classical paradigm of physics. Early Chaos Theorists found difficulties in receiving funding, finding supervisors, and finding journals willing to publish their research. Kuhn’s paradigm definition is a little more than a theory, although the terms are often used interchangeably. It is a complete and overall view of a phenomenon, often relying upon some basic principles...

Words: 622 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Nt1110 Research Paper Unit 4 Port Expanders

...Habits of Highly Effective People: 1.Be Proactive, 2.Begin with the End in Mind, 3.Put First Things First, 4. Think Win/Win, 5. Seek Frist to Understand, Then to Be Understood, 6. Synergize, 7. Practice Renewal.” You also have to work on having the right Attitude; believe the problem can be solved. Take the right actions, Reread the problem several times, and Redescribe the problem. Work on Solution Procedures, Keep Track of Progress, Break the Problem into Sub problems, Start at a Point You Understand and last Accuracy, Check and Recheck. Understanding Paradigm shifts & Paradigm paralysis, you first must understand what a paradigm is, “It is a model or pattern based on a set of rules that define boundaries and specifies how to be successful at and within these boundaries.” A paradigm shifts can happen fast or over time, and you have at the world in a new way; you have a new set of rules, new models replacing old. A paradigm paralysis can occur when you or a company becomes stuck in there ways, and won’t change with times. When working with a team you must work together. Know your teams’ strengths and weaknesses, and use that to teams’ advantage. “Tuchman identified four stages of team development; forming, storming, norming, and performing.” There will also be conflicts with other team members and you must work together to resolve those issues so you can be a more productive team. One of the Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is #3 Put First Thing First. Out of...

Words: 554 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Project Management

... This step is important because every project team should reflect on the their past activities- what went wrong? What could be done different in the future? The lessons learned through reflection must be recorded and incorporated into future projects. Commitment to a common goal is important: A shared understanding of the goal is extremely important but really effective teams go a step further. Their members are committed to the goal. This is extremely important because there is a big difference between understanding and commitment. Commitment is a visceral quality that motivates members to do work and keep working when things go downhill. A paradigm shift (or revolutionary science) is, according to Thomas Kuhn, in his influential book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), a change in the basic assumptions, or paradigms, within the ruling theory of science. The implications of this book are profound and in general very relevant today. Many companies have managed to “question” the...

Words: 333 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Paradigm Shift

...Paradigm Shift Problem Solving Theory Research Paper 1 October 2, 2014 What is a Paradigm Shift? A paradigm shift is defined as a “radical change in an underlying theory” (taketheleap.com). Thomas Kuhn in 1962 describes Paradigm shift as when new knowledge replaces old knowledge (www.taketheleap.com) In technology there has been a definite paradigm shift. Globally we use technology in our daily lives. The Paradigm shift in technology began at the creation of the PC, following internet. Technology impacts our personal, business, education and recreation. (www.taketheleap.com) Just think of the baby boomers and older adults. They have had to adjust to a huge paradigm shift in technology throughout their life time. Going from only having access to radio, to black and white TV, to Colored TV, now HD and 3D. To function in society it is almost impossible to do without some sort of technological device. Whether it be a tablet, laptop, PC or smartphone, we need them in our daily lives. This can be frustrating to the baby boomers. They have had to completely change the way they are able to get through their daily lives, banking, paying bills, email, social network media. To some it makes sense it is easier, everything is at your fingertips. Our children on the other hand have no idea what it is like not to have technology. When our children begin school and they are used to learning programs on computers, phones and tablets, now have to use a pencil and paper to apply their...

Words: 412 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Film Contact and Bucchi

...Contact is a great movie, hitting multiple levels of suspense, action, politics, and intelligence. It deals with the struggles of Astronomer Dr. Ellie Arroway, who was able to make contact with an alien intelligence near the star Vega. After contact was made, her vindication of the find is short lived when people including the government, Dr. Drumlin (her supervisor), and many others rush in to take control and validate the find. However, it is discovered that the alien’s want us to build a machine that would enable a person to travel to them, which would eventually put the entire world on edge. One connection that immediately popped into my head is the idea of a paradigm. A paradigm “refers to a set of tacit assumptions and beliefs within which research goes on (Google definitions).” In Bucchi’s chapter regarding “Paradigms and Styles of Thought,” he states “According to Kuhn, science does not advance smoothly along a linear path and by gradual approximations to the truth; rather it is characterized by abrupt ‘leaps’ and profound ‘discontinuities’ (Bucchi, 26).” This idea can very much be applied to the film Contact, as it connects with it on so many levels. In the film, society once believed that there was a supreme existence (God), and that humans were the...

Words: 1529 - Pages: 7