...farmland and hunting. (North Dakota Carnivores). The primary reason the black footed ferret is endangered originates from the spread of the plague. According to Oldemeyer, “plague is a flea transmitted disease of rodents caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis that exists in widespread, discontinuous foci in parts of Africa” (Oldemeyer 28). Specifically, the Bubonic plague has had a lasting effect on rodent populations. An important factor that affects the prairie dog and black footed ferret populations is the density of the host population. The density of the prairie dog population remains more susceptible to the exchange of the plague. The plague moves quickly between colonies with the help of other predators. Fleas primarily transmit the plague to prairie dogs and black footed ferrets. Two main...
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...Bubonic plague is believed to have brought the Byzantine empire to its knees in the 6th century. This is the first ever documented record of bubonic plague in human history. But the fact that bubonic plague continues to afflict human population even today is a matter of concern. Your bubonic plague research paper would revolve around the premise of it being a deadly disease, but we assure you that we won’t scare you by the facts. Bubonic plague is typically differentiated from other infections because of its roots in the bacteria, Yersinia pestis or Pastuerella pestis. The bacteria typically infects the spleen, lungs, kidneys and brain. It is spread by virtue of rats and fleas. The staff at ProfEssays.com could as Help with Bubonic Plague Research Paperwell spell out some of its symptoms as shivering chills staggering gait stuttered speech memory loss weakness The early symptoms lead to graver consequences, and the ultimate zenith is reached when the patient ultimately breaths his last. Several deaths were caused by bubonic plague in the 14th century when medical science wasn’t developed as it is today. A nursing and healthcare term paper could focus on the facilities provided to modern healthcare officials that were not available in the 14th century. It killed almost 30 per cent of the contemporary European population. Infection is spread through fleas and rodents. It is a common occurrence to have rodents whenever there are earthquakes or other such calamities. The...
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...The Black Death Bubonic Plague The bubonic plague is a highly infectious and fearsome disease that attacks the lungs and lymph nodes. It is also called the Black Death or black plague. The bubonic plague is caused by Pasteurella pestis, a bacteria which resides within infected fleas and rats. Victims of the bubonic plague develop early symptoms, such as shivering, vomiting, headache, intolerance to light, back and limb pain, and a white coating on the tongue. Eventually, they develop black egg-sized swellings (buboes) filled with blood and pus under the armpits and in the groin. As the disease progresses, internal bleeding leads to black patches on the skin, and the victim may die in three to five days. Invasion of the lungs by the bacterium causes an equally fatal form of the plague called pneumonic plague, which can be transmitted from person to person by air droplets and saliva. Historical records document outbreaks of the plague as early as 430 b.c., when an epidemic struck Athens, Greece; but the most notorious bubonic plague epidemic began in Europe around 1346, reportedly when a ship of sick and dying sailors arrived at the Black Sea port of Caffa. This plague lasted four years and killed about one-third of the population of Europe, or approximately 20 million people. For hundreds of years after, epidemics of bubonic plague would sweep across the world killing millions more. The disease was so lethal that some victims supposedly would go to bed healthy and die in...
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...The Black Plague “The Renaissance Death of England” Jayne Ritzinger GS102 – Introduction of Life Science September 2, 2009 The Black Plague in a Medieval Perspective “The Renaissance Death of England” The Sixteenth Century and Bubonic Plague The year is 1350 and death has travelled Western Asia and Europe for a decade. The death rate has exceeded 10 million due to the Black Plague, which is the curse of Europe (Bollinger, 1983). Travelling by boat and carriage, the Black Death has infected the known world from Constantinople to London. “The first attack, known since the late sixteenth century as the Black Death but to contemporaries as “the great mortality”, occurred in southern England in 1348; by the end of 1349 it had spread to Central Scotland” (Morgan, 1984). Rats and the lice that traveled on them were the common cause, but the Sixteenth Century had no such mechanism to identify the causation of the plague “Plague is characterized by periodic disease outbreaks in rodent populations, some of which have a high death rate. During these outbreaks, hungry infected fleas that have lost their normal hosts seek other sources of blood, thus escalating the increased risk to humans and other animals frequenting the area” (Plague, 2009). As defined by the Center for Disease Control, the Black Plague is defined as follows: Plague is an infectious disease of animals and humans caused by a bacterium named Yersinia Pestis. Epidemics of plague in humans usually involve house rats...
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...2013 Issues That Plague Law Enforcement Personnel student 2013 Issues That Plague Law Enforcement Personnel student In the criminal justice career path many problems can arise. Stress from the job can create problems in the work field as well as in the personal and social areas of one’s life. Job stress can also tie into fatigue and alcohol and/or drug abuse. Fatigue gives us tired cops and tired cops can be a bad thing in the criminal justice field. Alcohol and drug abuse plagues cops everywhere. There are many suggestions for programs and treatment ideas for these problems that plague our law enforcement officers. Job stress can’t be avoided in any job field. It especially can’t be avoided in the field of law enforcement. Job stress can come from many sources. Having to exercise prudent discretion all the time, the threat of using violence and having violence used against them, and isolation from the rest of society are the major causes. It can lead to negative attitudes, burnout, loss of enthusiasm and commitment (aka cynicism), increased apathy, divorce, substance abuse and health problems, and many other social, personal, and job-related problematic behaviors. Work place support, training officers to cope with the effects of stress, stress management, and stress training are things that law enforcement are currently doing to lessen job stress. Stress training includes diet info, biofeedback, exercise, relaxation, and meditation. I believe that...
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...Biological Weapons: Threat of the 21st Century Michele Tallman Ashford University Principle & Theory of Security Issues CRJ433 Alicia Dembowski January 12, 2014 Biological Weapons: Threat of the 21st Century Biological Warfare is morally and inhumanely wrong, it is the wrongful killing of men, women, and children and it should be stopped no matter what the circumstances are. For the past 50 years or so the world has lived under the shadow of atomic weapons, threatening a “nuclear nightmare” that would bomb us back to the Stone Age. Now in the 21st Century, there is a new nightmare, called Biological Weapons. These types of weapons deliver toxins and microorganisms, such as viruses and bacteria, so as to deliberately infect disease among people, animals, as well as the destruction of crops leading to food shortages. The way that a biological weapon is used depends on several factors, these include the agent, its preparation; its durability in the environment, and route of infection. Some agents can be disbursed as an aerosol, which can be inhaled or can infect a susceptible spot on the skin, like a cut or wound. With the recent revolution in molecular biology, this may have incidentally unleashed a new threat to a peaceful night’s sleep. Even though there has been talk concerning the disarming of certain countries from nuclear weapons, terrorist factions and "nations of concern" have sought ways to continue their wars, by using biological weapons. Asymmetric...
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...Contents I. Abstract II. Introduction III. Background Information IV. Discussion V. Diagnosis Test VI. Prevention VII. Conclusion VIII. Bibliography Abstract According to archeologists, Bubonic plague may have originated from Egypt and not in Asia as originally thought. The disease is termed ‘Black Death’ and is said to have also begun in North Africa. Archeologists and fossil insect experts report that the disease may have distributed as a result of the flooding of River Nile that forced the rats to infest the human populated areas during the 3500 B.C. The causative agents of Bubonic Plague are known as Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) that are normally classified as Gram-negative, bipolar-staining coccobacilli. The coccobacilli are either rod or oval shape, and they is short. The Y. pestis metabolism is fermentative just like the other enterobacteriaceae, and they produce a thick antiphagocytic capsule that prevents the white blood cells from the ability to ward off the Y. pestis infection. In this paper, the disease Bubonic Plague will be discussed in details, including its causes, and the place where the recent outbreak has occurred. Introduction Bubonic Plague is brought by the Yersinia pestis, which is a Gam-negative, bipolar-staining coccobacilli. As learned in classes, the coccobacilli are rod or oval in shape, and normally short in size. Just like other Enterobacteriaceae, the Yersinia pestis has a fermentative type of metabolism, and they...
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...In chapters twelve, eighteen, and nineteen, Machiavelli uses the metaphor of the fox and the lion to explain the cunning and strength a prince must possess in order to maintain control of his state. He stresses that it is imperative that the prince learn to mimic both the fox and the lion so that he may draw on the necessary attributes of these "beasts" when circumstances demand it. Again, this notion of comparing man to beast is radical shift during its time as man is being portrayed as a thing of beauty. As a fox, the prince must use its cunning nature to influence statecraft and diplomacy to sidestep traps and other pitfalls posed against the state. As a lion, the prince must employ brute physical force in order to maintain his power over...
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...and opinion revolving over and over. The destruction of the Second Temple of Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 CE brought about the end of the temple-based ceremonial religion of that region. Following the calamity of the temple’s destruction, the earlier religion had to develop in new ways to survive. This is why there is distinction made between biblical Judaism and rabbinical Judaism. A lot of the Jewish laws practice and structure comes from the Hebrew Bible. The Hebrew Bible sets a foundation for development in the Jewish way of life. Moses and the Law Moses is one of the most important and key characters in Jewish history. Let us start off with the fact that since the Hebrew population grow so large the Egyptians saw them as threats to be. The pharaoh in command at this time was so scared he ordered all baby boy Hebrew to be killed at birth. Moses was spared because he was hidden. After three months is mother afraid for his life and send him up the Nile River in and watertight basket. Story tells us that an Egyptian princess discovers him and raised him as her own. Also Moses are era occurred during the polytheistic culture of Egypt. This is the era when God showed he is “the one true God”. In Moses era this is when the story of the ten great plaques, the journey out of Egypt through a large body of water. Moses is later to be recognized as the prophet that bring forth the Ten Commandments. Underlying the commandment is the conviction that a covenant is made between...
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...The Bubonic Plague Analysis Contents I. Abstract II. Introduction III. Background Information IV. Discussion V. Diagnosis Test VI. Prevention VII. Conclusion VIII. Bibliography Abstract According to archeologists, Bubonic plague may have originated from Egypt and not in Asia as originally thought. The disease is termed ‘Black Death’ and is said to have also begun in North Africa. Archeologists and fossil insect experts report that the disease may have distributed as a result of the flooding of River Nile that forced the rats to infest the human populated areas during the 3500 B.C. The causative agents of Bubonic Plague are known as Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) that are normally classified as Gram-negative, bipolar-staining coccobacilli. The coccobacilli are either rod or oval shape, and they is short. The Y. pestis metabolism is fermentative just like the other enterobacteriaceae, and they produce a thick antiphagocytic capsule that prevents the white blood cells from the ability to ward off the Y. pestis infection. In this paper, the disease Bubonic Plague will be discussed in details, including its causes, and the place where the recent outbreak has occurred. Introduction Bubonic Plague is brought by the Yersinia pestis, which is a Gam-negative, bipolar-staining coccobacilli. As learned in classes, the coccobacilli are rod or oval in shape, and normally short in size. Just like other Enterobacteriaceae, the Yersinia...
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...major events in the history of the High-Middle Ages; An era with war and conflict from Asia all the way to Europe and beyond. Peace and war continued throughout the High-Middle Ages yet wars lasted longer and several issues arose impacting both war and peace. This paper includes an explanation of the people affected in the High-Middle Ages consisting of, Christianity in Europe, the Crusades failure, the structure of a feudal society, and death beyond belief. Christianity surfaced through the beliefs of Jews and creating the rise of Christianity began. The expansion of Christianity during the reign of the Roman Empire threatened the Empire. The Empire wanted power and if Christians has all power the Roman Empire failed as leaders. This threat began the stages of persecution towards Christians and the aggravation ceased when Emperor Constantine obtained his Roman throne. Christianity held strong and dominated Europe after the collapse of the Roman Empire. Christianity dominated people of both the poor and the rich. “Religious institutors including the Church and the monasteries became wealthy and influential given the fact that the state allocated a significant budget for religious activities”, (Newman, 2008, Para.1). Christianity dominated and Crusaders wanted nothing more than to take over the Holy Land promised to them. The Crusades involved numerous armed missions ordered by Western Christians. The Crusaders sought after the spreading of Christianity and fought anyone opposing...
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...A tradition is something people actively celebrate or partake in. Traditions are passed down from generation to generation, traditions are then carried on into future generations. The purpose of a tradition is to share a special connection with those around you. Exodus and Oedipus Rex are both important to the Hebrews and the Greeks because it shows how important their faith is. In both stories the people are being punished by their gods, which resulted in plagues. Exodus and Oedipus Rex serve as traditional stories for the Hebrews and the Greeks by showing how faith is a tradition to the people. The Hebrews were the first people to be monotheistic. Exodus is important to the Hebrews because it tells the story of how they were liberated from the reign of the Pharaoh. In Exodus a new tradition is created which still takes place today, which is Passover. In Exodus 12:3-12:13 it states “Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is...
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...in their hands and the way to ensure a good outcome was through prayer and offerings. They felt that through theirs prayers and offerings that they could appease the gods enough to get them to do what they needed. There was some reverence for the gods and also a great deal of fear. They understood that the gods could do good things for you as well as cause you hardship. After Agamemnon’s refusal to release Chryeis and his threat of harm, Chryses goes to the god Apollo first with compliments, “god with the silver bow, protector of Chryse… mighty lord of Tenedos” (39) and then with an ultimatum showing his devotion and faithful service, “if I have ever pleased you … or burned bones for you.. grant my prayer” (42). Apollo hears this prayer and was enraged and came down from Olympus and first destroyed the mules and dogs and then shot at the troops. One of the first lines of piece says “angry with Agamemnon , he (Apollo) cast plague down onto the troops” (11). This passage shows that they believed that the prayer of Chryses caused Apollo to cast a plague upon the Greek troops. This shows the belief that if they are faithful and ask for assistance from their gods that they will avenge them. It also showed that the gods are not only to be worshipped but feared at the same time. The people of this time where subject to the whims of nature and other things that they could not understand. It was easier for them to think that the things that were out of their...
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...battle in which they are placed. Israel, Brazil, South Korea, Mexico, Germany, and Russia are some examples of democratic countries that require their citizens to serve the national government, not just in the military, in order to mold a better-quality adult in today’s world. With any serious subject that is being considered for implementation, there are those who believe that such an action would be beneficial to any country and those that deem it would do nothing but tear down a society and what a country stands for. As this topic is debated in the United States, both sides need to seriously consider if the implementation of national service helps build the patriotism of its young, if it helps in solving some of the social ills that plague society, and how it develops the character of the individuals that serves. After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States of America came together in an act of extreme patriotism to aid those with monetary donations and volunteer efforts who were directly affected by the tragedy. As the world looked at America from the outside, they could see a large nation who prided themselves on their patriotism and if anyone stood in their way, there will be consequences. If conscription were implemented Americans would be able to unite around a...
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...ten years human trafficking has grown extensively. This epidemic doesn't plague any single country it happens every where. Here in America, traffickers prey on anyone they see as possible easy target primarily focusing on children. In a 2005 report published by the American State Department about human trafficking there are an estimated 800,000 people that are smuggled over international borders each year with roughly 20,000 of those being smuggled over our own borders annually. Shockingly most of those in that high number are children that are under 18 years old. Modern human traffickers are part of an international ring of organized crime that rank number three when it comes to financial profitting for criminals, bringing in an estimated 9.5 billion dollars annually. This sort of illegal activity can also be tied to other crimes like documentation forgery, drug smuggling, money laundering or even terrorism. Human traffickers of today are like slave owners of years past often using intimidation, threats, and violence to keep their slaves on task. Not only is sex trafficking a major human rights violation it has inadvertently become a global epidemic that we as Americans are often oblivious to. Since it isn't broadcasted repeatedly to the public through the use of media it isn't always in the forefront of our minds. However it is in the best interest of the Federal government to combat this plague since it often contributes directly to our national security by funneling...
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