...Aristotle plot structure developed the four elements use to create events in the story. It tells the reader captivating and visualizations of what goes on in the overall story. What makes plot appealing is not what happen in the story but why did it happen.1 “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopkin uses the four basic elements. Writer uses the four components to create pieces of the stories to captivate the reader’s attention. The four elements are exposition, complication, climax, and resolution. Using “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopkin, is a prime example of the four elements that is use to create the plot of the story. The first element of plot structure is exposition. “The exposition is the information needed to understand the story”. 1 In the beginning of the story the protagonist, Mrs. Louise Mallard was known for her heart problem. Josephine her sister and Richard, who is Mrs. Mallard’s husband friend did not know how to break the news to Mrs. Mallard that her husband is dead. It was stated in the newspaper that Mr. Brently Mallard’s name was listed in the railroad disaster. The exposition gives the great detail of the story. When there is exposition there is complication that introduces the problem of the story. Complication is the second element of plot structure. “The complication is the catalyst that begins the major conflict”.1 After Mrs. Mallard was told that her husband is dead; she weeps in an instance and ran into her room. She wanted to be left alone trying...
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...Is the book better the movie, or is it vice versa? It is common to see a popular literary work to have a screen adaptation or movie. More often than not, alterations and modifications are made for the screen. Many of these renditions are made to appeal to the audience's’ liking. Yet, in many cases, these modifications stray away from the author’s intentions for the story. “The Most Dangerous Game” by Richard Connell is a popular short story that has a 1932 film adaptation directed by Ernest B. Schoedsack, Irving Pichel. This 1932 rendition, is the first film adaptation of the short story from 1924. There are several obvious differences, as characters have been added and certain scenes that deviate from the original plot of the short story....
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...The exploration of the connectedness between texts enhances an understanding of text’s textual integrity. This is evident within William Shakespeare’s ‘King Richard Third’ and Al Pacino’s docudrama ‘Looking For Richard’, where composers portray, through literary and film techniques, texts which reveal to their respective audiences valuable insights into their differing contexts. ‘Looking For Richard’ is based on ‘King Richard Third’ and adapts Shakespeare’s values to a modern context. Exploration of connections between the texts enhances the understanding of the values and contexts of each text. Connections enhances context, character and perspective as these values intensify connections. Through exploring context and character connections between texts, new perspectives of each text are possible, creating textual integrity. Richard Third - Context Richard Third was written to a superstitious Elizabethan audience. It was written as pro-Tudor propaganda, whereby the representation of Richard as a sly and deformed character perpetuates the Tudor Myth, within the context of the War of the Roses. Richard exudes traits of a Machiavellian villain, with imagery exaggerating Richard as a “Deformed, unfinished” man who was “Sent before his time” in order to maintain his discontent. Furthermore, Richards evil characterization and relentless pursuit of power is highlighted to his audience through his opening soliloquy “since I can not prove to be a lover….. I am determined to prove...
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...The Whipping Boy By Richard Gibney In the late 1800 a violent and comprehensive civil war began in the United States of America after Abraham Lincoln supported banning slavery. The war was a conflict between the Union in the North and the Confederacy in the South, Non-slavery against slavery. One of the most significant events in the history of the United States. The North was fighting to end slavery and protect the Union. Richard Gibney addresses the controversial subject slavery in his short story ”The Whipping Boy” that takes place in the end of the American Civil War where slavery was abolished. ”The Whipping Boy” starts in medias res in a slave plantation in the southern part of America around the late 1800 (1864-1865). The reader is introduced to three slaves: Martha, Mikey and Tommy. They work and live at a plantation owned by their masters: Old Mrs. Gage, who is very sick and cries bitter tears over her husband’s death and the young First Lieutenant in the Confederate army, Sterling Gage, who has been in battle at the front for a year. The plot takes off when the three slaves are informed that slavery has been abolished: ”It was the day after the boy from the Union had come to the farm to let the slaves know they were freemen”. The action rises as the slaves are declared freemen and decide to travel to the north and get jobs. ”Then they could all go North, Mikey, his new wife and his brother, all working for wages in the city.” They had stopped working in the...
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...airliners bound for the United States. The third stages called for a small airplanes loaded with explosives to be crashed into the CIA headquarters and possibly other buildings in major cities across the U.S. The plot was discovered by Manila police on January 6, 1995 and Abdul Hakim Murad was arrested. Ramzi Yousef was arrested in Pakistan in February 1995. Wali Khan Amin Shah escaped after his arrest, but was re-arrested in Malaysia in December 1995. Khalid Sheikh Mohammed escaped, and Riduan Isamuddin, also known as Hambali, was overlooked. Khalid Sheikh Mohammed first presented the idea for the September 11 plot to bin Laden in 1996 in Afghanistan. However, nothing came of the idea at the time. At that point, bin Laden and Al-Qaeda were in a period of transition, having just relocated back to Afghanistan from Sudan. Mohammed moved to Qatar. Before the government there could arrest him, he fled to Afghanistan. The leaders of Al-Qaeda liked the idea of the modified Phases II and III Mohammed presented to them. Instead of using small airplanes loaded with explosives, as Murad planned to do, Mohammed planned to use commercial airliners. Mohammed and Abu Zubaydah became the managers of the plot. During late 1996 and 1997, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed stayed in the Czech Republic, as the Taliban allegedly did not approve of his womanising. German officials believe that the leaders of Al-Qaeda planned almost the entire September 11 plot in Afghanistan. Six...
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...(2001). Although the story revolves around passion and violence, Dubus tells the tale in a flat, calm way. The first two acts of violence are dropped into the story unexpectedly and without emotion. The story opens with Frank’s funeral, then moves on to the conversation between Willis and Matt about how Matt wishes he could kill the man who murdered his son, but the reader does not know who killed Frank, how, or why. Next, in a long descriptive paragraph, Richard is introduced. He is first connected to Frank by the flat opening line of the next paragraph: “One night he beat Frank.” Only then does the reader learn about Mary Ann, and Matt’s and Ruth’s differing feelings about her. In a lovely, lyrical scene, Mary Ann joins the Fowlers for a barbeque after a day at the beach. Matt’s love for his son is mixed with a wistful attraction to Mary Ann. She is beautiful, but Matt sees in her eyes a sadness and pain that he and his family have been spared, and he wishes he could help and comfort her. The next paragraph starts with, “Richard Strout shot Frank in front of the children.” Such jarring shifts of mood are used to emphasize how quickly life can turn from sunny to violent and how swiftly the good things in life can be taken away. The story’s point of view is that of the limited omniscient narrator. The reader sees the events through Matt’s eyes only, so Ruth’s and Willis’s roles in the tragedy are only implied. There is little dialogue; instead, Dubus paints vivid descriptions of...
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...Synopsis Born on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, Toni Morrison is a Nobel Prize- and Pulitzer Prize-winning American novelist, editor and professor. Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue and richly detailed black characters. Among her best known novels are The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon and Beloved. Morrison has won nearly every book prize possible. She has also been awarded honorary degrees. Early Career Born Chloe Anthony Wofford on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, Toni Morrison was the second oldest of four children. Her father, George Wofford, worked primarily as a welder, but held several jobs at once to support the family. Her mother, Ramah, was a domestic worker. Morrison later credited her parents with instilling in her a love of reading, music, and folklore. Living in an integrated neighborhood, Morrison did not become fully aware of racial divisions until she was in her teens. "When I was in first grade, nobody thought I was inferior. I was the only black in the class and the only child who could read," she later told a reporter from The New York Times. Dedicated to her studies, Morrison took Latin in school, and read many great works of European literature. She graduated from Lorain High School with honors in 1949. At Howard University, Morrison continued to pursue her interest in literature. She majored in English, and chose the classics for her minor. After graduating from Howard in 1953, Morrison continued her education at Cornell...
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...James' international theme comes in effect as Mrs. Walker turns her back to Daisy, declaring, “Mrs. Walker, whose cutting of Daisy seals the young girl's social doom, is in the revision given symbolic value by references to her as ʻthe voice of civilized societyʼ...” (Dunbar, 314). In another critic, Kennedy elucidates Winterbourne's willingness to classify Daisy, stating, “But why is Winterbourne so obsessively determined to categorize Daisy in the first place when his interest clearly extends beyond what would be aroused by an anomaly in his mental filing cabinet?” (Kennedy). Those critics however, omit Randolph Miller, whose meaning in the novel cannot be overlooked. Introduced early in the novel, Randolph Miller's meaning for the whole plot seems limited. However, him requesting lumps of sugar enables Winterbourne to introduce himself to Daisy Miller. Furthermore, Winterbourne uses Randolph as an object in his passive conversation between himself and Daisy. James exemplifies this, stating, “ ʻI should like very much to know your name,ʼ said Winterbourne. ʻHer name is Daisy Miller!ʼ cried the child” (James 1516). This deed made by Randolph, even though Daisy forbad it, triggers...
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...Assess the significance of religion as a factor in bringing about change in the nature of royal authority between 1540 – 1642 Between 1540 and 1642 England saw six different rulers; an examination into the religious changes, personality and relationship with parliament will bring about an answer in to the change of nature of royal authority. During 1540-1642 religious change led to rebellions and conflict proved highly embarrassing and potentially fatal to the monarchy ‘The church acted as a bedrock of authority. It had been a source of authority in late medieval society’ says Nicholas Fellows. After the reformation of the church Edward VI had to deal with situation of confusion left from his father. Edward was a firm supporter of the religious reforms and by 1549 England had made a caution step towards Protestantism. The western rebellion 1547 illustrated a strong sense of religious conservatism. The complaints that caused the rebellion were the changes that were thought to have taken place in the baptism and confirmation and the rebels wanted the restoration of many of the old religious practices. Article two’s call for the restoration of the six articles undermined all the work of the Edwardian reformation, they also had a strong desire for the ceremony and ritual of catholism. The rebels attacks communion and both kinds of the new prayer book which were symbolic of the new religion, clearly most of the demands was an attack of Protestantism and furthermore an attack...
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...Staring Into Her Window She woke up at around nine o’clock in the morning. For the last couple of weeks she had been skipping breakfast and heading straight for her office. Scrambled eggs and bacon were left untouched on the kitchen table next door. I jotted this down on my notepad; she must be working on something, something important. A few days ago I found out that I could sneak up to the window that looks into her office and from a certain angle I can see her without her ever seeing me. I can see her face and her expressions as she types away on her typewriter and if I look very closely I can see the words she so carefully types. Today, I sneak back up to the window and I see Ms. Chopin laughing. She must be done with whatever it was she was doing. She is not finished; she is still typing away. Some fellow detective friends of mine have been doing investigations similar to mine and they have told me that these laughs that come out of nowhere most likely have to with irony. She must be writing an ironic story, after all, those stories are the only ones people seem to be interested in right now. It seems that the title of her work is Story of an Hour. Kate Chopin’s short story contains dramatic and situational irony, which serve to make the story unique and keep the readers on the edges of their seats waiting for what happens next. My following report proves my findings. The following night I waited for Ms. Chopin to go to bed. I waited exactly 40 minutes after she turned...
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...Cedric- * Cedric is a Saxon landowner and thus, has a lot of power. * He has strong pro-Saxon views and is seen as a die-hard patriot who despises the Normans. * His sentiments go up to the extent that he disowns his own son, Ivanhoe for supporting the Norman king, King Richard. * He has a huge chip on his shoulder because he thinks he should have greater power and that this right of his is being curtailed by the Normans. * Cedric views the Normans as bullies who look down upon the Saxons and unnecessarily over tax them. * Cedric's strong pro-Saxon patriotism leads him to make prejudiced assumptions about every Norman right until the end of the novel where we see Cedric having a slight change of heart. This happens when Cedric sees how King Richard stands up against the unfair and unjust Normans despite being a Norman himself. * Also, he eventually reconciles with his son up to a great extent. Wilfred Of Ivanhoe- * Wilfred (Ivanhoe) is the protagonist of our story and thus plays a central role in the entire plot. * Being Cedric’s son, he is essentially a knight from a Saxon family. * However, he is seen as a strong supporter of the Norman king, King Richard and it is owing to this that Cedric initially disowns him. * Ivanhoe is a skilled warrior and a ladies man at the same time. He is shown to be madly in love with Rowena (whom he eventually marries). * While on one hand, Ivanhoe seems to be the ideal heroic figure, he also...
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...official documentation such as church and court records. However, these only provide brief sketches of specific events in his life and provide little on the person who experienced those events. Though no birth records exist, church records indicate that a William Shakespeare was baptized at Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 26, 1564. From this, it is believed he was born on or near April 23, 1564, and this is the date scholars acknowledge as William Shakespeare's birthday. Located 103 miles west of London, during Shakespeare's time Stratford-upon-Avon was a market town bisected with a country road and the River Avon. William was the third child of John Shakespeare, a leather merchant, and Mary Arden, a local landed heiress. William had two older sisters, Joan and Judith, and three younger brothers, Gilbert, Richard and Edmund. Before William's birth, his father became a successful merchant and held official positions as alderman and bailiff, an office resembling a mayor. However, records indicate John's fortunes...
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...Most comedies can be criticised for a lack of seriousness - Is this affirmation true or not? By definition, comedy is a species of the dramatic genre which satirizes events, be them social or moral (moral conduct of a people, a social group). It does that by ridiculing characters, among which conflicts can arise. Comedy aims to straighten those hard (defects) social and human laughter, therefore, having a moralizing role. The main ways of achieving comic are irony, satire and sarcasm. used to create a ridiculous grotesque, illustrating both immoral aspects (standards) that happen in our society as well as human character dominated by strong moral. The main artistic medium is comic, an aesthetic category includes situations and ridiculous characters, vices and habits, being sanctioned by laughing and watching it, so straighten them. Comedian illustrates the contrast between essence and appearance. of serious and ridiculous, between illusion and reality, between effort and its results, between goals and means, etc. Forms of comic are very different: the comic situation, comic character, comic language, manners comic, comic cover, comic name etc. Comedy appeared as tragedy, in ancient Greece, manifesting as a joyful procession with the public in the end of a party organized in honor of the god Dionysus, with acid jokes, satirical songs with lyrics lines causing ironic laughter and fun needed for the revival of this God. Tragedy and comedy are the oldest theatrical events...
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...Teacher’s Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth 2 INTRODUCTION William Shakespeare developed many stories into excellent dramatizations for the Elizabethan stage. Shakespeare knew how to entertain and involve an audience with fast-paced plots, creative imagery, and multi-faceted characters. Macbeth is an action-packed, psychological thriller that has not lost its impact in nearly four hundred years. The politically ambitious character of Macbeth is as timely today as he was to Shakespeare's audience. Mary McCarthy says in her essay about Macbeth, "It is a troubling thought that Macbeth, of all Shakespeare's characters, should seem the most 'modern,' the only one you could transpose into contemporary battle dress or a sport shirt and slacks." (Signet Classic Macbeth) Audiences today quickly become interested in the plot of a blindly ambitious general with a strong-willed wife who must try to cope with the guilt engendered by their murder of an innocent king in order to further their power. The elements of superstition, ghosts, and witchcraft, though more readily a part of everyday life for the Renaissance audience, remain intriguing to modern teenagers. The action-packed plot, elements of the occult, modern characterizations, and themes of import to today's world make Macbeth an excellent choice for teaching to high school students. This study guide offers ideas for presenting Macbeth to a high school class. The activities have been divided into...
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...1. Richard Gordon is the pen name used by Gordon Ostlere (born Gordon Stanley Ostlere on 15 September 1921), an English surgeon and anaesthetist. As Richard Gordon, Ostlere has written numerous novels, screenplays for film and television and accounts of popular history, mostly dealing with the practice of medicine. He is best known for a long series of comic novels on a medical theme beginning with Doctor in the House, and the subsequent film, television, radio and stage adaptations. 2. The story is written in the form of narration with dialogue. 3. As it was said before the writer uses first person narrative, and out of methods of narration – description (e.g. the portrait of a girl, the process of exam), narration (e.g. how the main character is taking the exam) and dialogue (e.g. between that main character and Grimsdyke. The narrator since he is also the main character of the story is obviously intrusive. 4. The main idea conveyed by the author may be expressed as: the final examinations are reason for a great psychological pressure and a challenge for the students. This extract is constructed around the single theme, which can be formulated as procedure of the exams. Besides the basic theme, the text touches upon many very important secondary themes: the psychological types of students, cheating at the exams, students’ prejudice, disadvantage of women student at the exams, the psychological pressure of the process of the examination on the students etc. ...
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