...Running Head: POLICY Policy Analysis By Veronica Soto March 14, 2013 QNT/562 Professor Eboniece Cason Introduction Policy analysis is a social and political activity. Analysis means to break a policy down so it can be understood better. Thus public policy analysis is the examination of the components of public policy, the policy process or both. It is the study of causes and consequences of policy decisions. Policy analysis uses many different methods of inquiry and draws from various disciplines to obtain the information needed to assess a problem. There are eight different forms of policy analysis that will be discussed in this paper. Prospective Policy Analysis When using the prospective form of policy analysis it helps by using information and analysis before any action is taken. It is placing primary emphasis on what may be expected policy outcomes. According to Dunn, it is usually is systems analysts, decision analysts, operations researchers that are interested in using this type of policy analysis as it will give them information prior without any gathering of information. (Dunn, 2008) Retrospective Policy Analysis Retrospective analysis is a study in which a search is made for a relationship between one current condition and another that occurred in the past. An example would be a study of family history of young women whom have developed cancer which yields a relationship of the administration of “growth medicine” to the mothers of these women...
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...Descriptive policy analysis on Youth Entrepreneurship Policy Introduction and Background Many young people in Zimbabwe cannot find employment. This has become particularly acute since the onset of the Zimbabwean economic crisis in the late 1990s. The rate of youth unemployment with regard to both formal and informal sectors of the Zimbabwe economy stood at 19 percent for females, 11 percent for males (Chakanya, 2008). This has left a huge problem to policy makers to come up with policies specifically targeting youth unemployment reduction. The major cause of this situation has been the collapse of the Zimbabwean manufacturing industry. While it has been the envy f many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, it capacity has consistently declined since the inception of the economic crisis. This has been noted by a very low level of GDP contribution of 12% in 2012 (Ministry of Industry and Commerce). Recognising that there is little hope for the Zimbabwean youth in the formal sector, this paper describes a youth entrepreneurship policy designed to combat youth unemployment. These inclusive entrepreneurship policies will be intended to give every youth the opportunity to start up in business or self-employment regardless of their social background and to improve labour market outcomes for people who are under-represented or disadvantaged in entrepreneurship and self-employment. The Policy The policy aims at creating an all inclusive youth entrepreneurship program. Inclusive in the sense...
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...When engaging in policy-practice it is important to understand how social services and social welfare policies are formulated, adopted, implemented, and evaluated. In doing so, social workers then can: Analyze and apply the theories of justice and social justice, apply the historical and contemporary conceptual frameworks of advocacy for social and economic justice, examine the origins of oppression and discrimination within social structures and its impacts on public policy, and examine the personal and professional role in ethical, cultural relevant and social generalist practice across systems of all sizes. In other words, policy practice allows social workers to advocate for individuals within the community by using his/her social work...
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...Policy Analysis I What is she doing in a men’s jail? Transgender individuals in the right facility are a major concern of prisoners going through transgender change. As a refugee from Nicaragua, Luisa Espinosa was required to walk a gauntlet bare-chested while other inmates laughed, leered and made insults to her breasts. Espinoza stated many times inmates and officers made fun of her and making homophobic slurs. She had received this type of abuse in Nicaragua; she did not expect it here (Garvin, 2003). Espinoza was born male but had not yet completed the surgery to become a woman. She identified as a female her whole life. She has dressed as a female, wears her hair as a female and speaks femininely. She sits in jail awaiting the Immigration and Naturalization Service makes every effort to send her back to Nicaragua where she faces the same ridicule (Garvin, 2003). Formal complaints have been lodged with the Sacramento County Board of Supervisors by Espinoza and other transgender prisoners. They are stating the Sacramento Sheriff’s Department habitually violates the rights of transgenders. The grievances are the beginning to civil lawsuits and outline constant incidences of discrimination against Espinoza and other transgender inmates, prejudiced comments by jail employees and steady sexual harassment. This paints a picture of transgender people singled out for cruel and unusual chastisement in Sacramento’s main jail. Espinoza stated the San Francisco jail...
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...Retrospective Healthcare Policy Analysis: Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act Professional Policy Analyst from the Normative Policy Analyses Approach Retrospective Healthcare Policy Analysis: Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act was the legislated response to a highly controversial health policy debate regarding patients’ rights – specifically whether or not a patient has the right to die if they choose to do so (Altmann & Collins, 2007). While euthanasia and physician assisted suicide are not new topics, they did receive an increase in public and media attention during the early 1990s. Most notably Dr. Jack Kevorkian, who defied the law and assisted in 130 patient suicides, Dr. Kevorkian’s actions brought about increased media coverage on the topic of physician assisted suicide, which is a contributing factor as to why the Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act was conceived in the first place (Werth JR & Wineberg, 2005). On the one side of the spectrum were advocates of physician assisted suicide who maintained that it was an infringement on patients’ rights to deny them aid in dying, and inhumane to make people suffer when diagnosed with a terminal illness (Merino, 2012). On the other side were critics who concluded that physician assisted suicide was a breach of medical ethics, and morally unacceptable because it devalued human life. Furthermore, these critics found that assisted suicide was not valid because there were alternative solutions, such...
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...POLICY AND ANALYSIS Name Course Tutor Date President George W. Bush’s and President Obama’s economic policy The US economy had experienced a series of depression in the past years but it was worst hit by the major terrorist attack of the September 11, 2011 that not only shook the nation but also the world at large. The realities of the recession started hitting the nation officially in December 2007, signaled by the collapse of the housing market and subsequent losses on mortgage related financial assets which in turn resulted to great stress and significant turbulence in the financial markets. All this resulted to an overall fall in the broader economic activity. In an attempt to respond to the worsening economic conditions, the administration lowered the federal funds rate by half the percentage point and as the crisis intensified, Bush’s government instituted the federal tax cuts on all the tax payers (Palley, 2011). The recession came to an end in June 2009 but the resultant economic weakness continued to be experienced in the nation with significant high rates of unemployment levels. There were severe job losses, a fall in family incomes and a rise in poverty levels which impacted negatively on the social life of many Americans. The economic environment also suffered severe losses in terms of drastic fall in investments due to uncertainties in the economy’s future. The adverse effects and subsequent fall in the trading activities led to significant falls in the nation’s...
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...Mary Katherine O'Connor and F. Ellen Netting brings to the fore a thorough analysis of social policy by offering a thorough evaluation of social policy. The duo, in their book, Analyzing Social Policy touch on a number of intricacies and implementation with regards to social policy. Among others, the book in Chapters Five and Six explore the role of research in guiding policy analysis. The book records that research plays a paramount role in guiding the implementation as well as the general analysis of a policy (O'Connor & Netting, 2011). I dare to differ with the duo authors on this perspective. It would be as deceiving as much as it would be misguiding to insinuate that it is possible for the policy makers to rely purely on research to come with a policy aimed at making guidelines to rule the whole sector, say, the health sector. My position, which juxtaposes, the position of Analyzing Social Policy authors, is premised on the sole reason that many of the researches conducted today are not thoroughly conducted hence they cannot form a reliable source of analyzing social policy. In analyzing social policy, every detail that is relevant to a better understanding should be used as a means of ensuring that the analysis gives the best results. However, this cannot be achievable if the source of analysis of a social policy is a research whose authenticity is in doubt. Most research firms and organizations fail to tap the real intentions of research conducted. Ipso facto, such research...
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...Part 1 – Case Study - Critical Analysis of Diversity Policy You must read AXA’s diversity policy in Appendix A, and then answer the following questions: 1. How do you believe that this policy can improve AXA’s business? 2. Who are the important stakeholders within AXA who can implement and enforce this policy? 3. What actions so you think need to be taken in order to implement and maintain this policy? 4. What improvements do you believe can be made to this policy? 5. How does this policy differ from the diversity policy at your current or prior work place? Part 2 – Develop and Implement a Diversity Policy You must develop a diversity policy for Wesfarmers which includes the following components: 1. Research Wesfarmers’ diversity needs 2. Write the diversity policy 3. Implement the diversity policy 4. Review the diversity policy Your submitted documentation should clearly indicate the Stages and tasks as outlined below. Eg. Stage 1, task 3, etc. Stage 1: Research Cole’s diversity needs You should start by reviewing Wesfarmers’ existing practices and policies regarding diversity. 1. Identify potential benefits to Wesfarmers by having a diversity policy. 2. Discuss how these benefits will help Wesfarmers meets its business objectives and goals. 3. Consult with key stakeholders about their requirements for a diversity policy and evaluate their input. Stage 2: Write the diversity policy 1. Draft a diversity policy for Wesfarmers based on the research...
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... a chemotherapy medication that is inferior to Mifepristone as it requires more time to work, is less predictable, and is more likely to cause birth defects should the abortion fails. Political Issue – There are suspicions that the Harper Government is politically involved in the Mifepristone’s latest delay as it will conveniently postpone the decision until after the fall election. Canadian Women Rights – Since the medication has been approved and has been greatly beneficial to women in many other countries, Mifepristone’s delay has also been seen as an issue of women’s right to a medical treatment that is considered as the Gold Standard for medical abortion. ANALYSIS – Policy Cycle, Key Interests, Institutional Factors, and Ideas Stage of Policy Cycle: Health Canada reverted back to the Policy Formulation stage from the Decision Making stage as they requested Linepharma for more information regarding Mifepristone, consequently delaying the ruling on the drug even longer. The decision is being made at the Federal and Legislative level, which has nation-wide effects. Key...
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...Policy Analysis II Lotina Kelley University of Phoenix CJA 464 Dec 3 2014 Theresa Cruz Policy Analysis II Police and corrections are two important components of the criminal justice system. They are involved in the public policy on a daily basis. Team “A” chose to research police and correction policies and describe how these policies affect the operations and decision-making process. According to Welsh and Harris, policies are described as “a rule or set of rules or guidelines for how to make a decision”; a program as “a set of services aimed at achieving specific goals and objectives within specified individuals, groups, organizations, or communities”; and a project as “a time-limited set of services provided to particular individuals, groups, organizations or communities, usually focused on a single need, problem or issue. (Harris & Welsh, 1999, p. 357).” Police and corrections policies will be summarized while analyzing their implications for the criminal justice system including the potential effectiveness and limitations. War on Drugs Policy The United States “War on Drugs” policy is thought to be one of the harshest policies around the world since implemented in the early 1980s (Winterbourne, 2012). Research suggest The war on drugs “creates problems for broken families, increased poverty, racial disparities, and wasted tax dollars, prison overcrowding and eroded civil liberties” (We are Drug Policy Alliance, 2014). Former President Richard Nixon and...
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...In a free market society where firms and households shape the economy, government intervention can significantly contribute to economic stability and improve current economic outcomes. The successful use of government policy tools is evident through an examination of environmental economics, monetary policy and the labour market. With regards to the environment and the labour market, the government have made use of taxes, permit trading systems, general regulations and transfer payments to influence economic outcomes in each of these respective fields. By studying monetary policy it is also apparent that control over the interest rate mechanism is another effective tool used by policymakers to enhance the present and future economic circumstances of a nation. As society continues to expand, the quality of the environment is beginning to deteriorate. Governments to prevent this from occurring and to avoid market inefficiency, can help the economy through policy tools such as enforcing taxes and regulating pollution permit trading systems. As shown in Figure 1 below, market equilibrium (Me) on its own is inefficient because it does not take into consideration the negative externalities that arise during production and does not account for a lack of incentive by firms to incorporate additional production costs. The implications of market failure will mean that a society will not be allocative efficient and as a result output will be greater than it what it should be (Q0 instead...
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...2010-2011 China fiscal policy analysis China ministry of finance undersecretary Wang Jun made a speech in the fourth international taxation dialogue system plenary session. He pointed out that, “from now on, China government will keep put into effect on positive fiscal policy and stable monetary policy, which are aimed at improving the pertinences, flexibility and foresight of fiscal policy.” (Wang, 2011) The policy and target Review back to 2010, China government insists in implementing positive fiscal policy, especially in stimulating the economic growth, transferring the way of economic growth and applying flexible in fiscal policy. As the figure 1 shows, in 2010, China positive fiscal policy facilitate in mainly four aspects: advancing the local fiscal reformation, strengthen the medium-sized and small enterprises and rural construction, promoting the economic development and supporting the social undertaking. Figure 1: Year 2010 China important fiscal policy content Coming out date | Fiscal policy | 4.30 | Treasury department sets fiscal policy: central budget provides specialized fund for helping to expand the minor firms ‘guarantee operations, which can improve the financing environment of minor firms. | 5.13 | Treasury department and SAT (State Administration of Taxation) make an announcement; government will solve the problem that farmers are hard to get loan, by diminishing the sales tax and income tax. | 5.31 | Government will start the trial allowance...
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...how it is used in American society. Public administration allows public policies and actions, decision-making ability and day to day operations of an agency to be executed effectively in our environment. The reader becomes familiar with the historical and social aspects pertaining to the evolving field. Public administration does not have a definite age of existence but has been recognized as reliable tool used to perform public service in the United States for the past century. Following the overview of public administration, an example of a public agency is illustrated to further acquaint the reader to the practice of public administration and how it operates to service the public. Table of Contents I. Introduction – Brief Overview of Public Administration II. Body A. Woodrow Wilson B. Principles behind Public Administration C. Public Administration in the United States D. Luther Gulick and Functions in Management E. POSDCORB III. Community Action Agency- Brief Overview IV. Conclusion V. Bibliography Introduction Public administration is encompasses the management of public agencies, organizations, associations, nonprofit and social services as well as various programs. The field is applied to all levels of government: local, state and federal. Public administration centers itself around organizing programs, policies, initiatives and day to day operations of an agency to allow it to run effectively...
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...RETHINKING THE IDENTITY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: INTERDISCIPLINARY REFLECTIONS The world of government and public administration has traveled far since the early days of its struggle for disciplinary independence. Lately, there has been talk of the advent of a new spirit in the public sector, or at least expectations of its coming. Some say that such a spirit is already here. Others aver we are witnessing only the tip of change. The world wide globalization process supported by stronger orientations towards open markets, open highways of information, growing levels of organizational learning and interdisciplinarity in the social sciences have also made their impact on the study of our bureaucracies. Yet by all definitions public administration in the beginning of the 2000s still lacks the sense of identity that other fields of the social sciences has long since obtained. In other words, the Have you looked outside lately at the world of government and administration? Have you noticed a strange scent in the air indicating the arrival of a new spirit in the public sector? Some people say it is already here. Others say we have only witnessed the edge of the change. Yet by all definitions public administration at the beginning of the 2000s is looking for its way forward. Today, it is already much different from what it used to be forty, thirty, and even twenty or ten years ago. In the coming years it is going to be even more different. field is looking back and down into its...
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...An Understanding of Public Administration Master of Public Administration Program Modern Public Administration: Managing Public & Nonprofit Organizations PAD 500 Abstract The purpose of this paper, An Understanding of Public Administration, is to provide the reader with an overview of the field and its application towards public programs, agencies, groups and other associations. It also provides a clear definition, introduces some principles associated with public administration along and how it is used in American society. Public administration allows public policies and actions, decision-making ability and day to day operations of an agency to be executed effectively in our environment. The reader becomes familiar with the historical and social aspects pertaining to the evolving field. Public administration does not have a definite age of existence but has been recognized as reliable tool used to perform public service in the United States for the past century. Following the overview of public administration, an example of a public agency is illustrated to further acquaint the reader to the practice of public administration and how it operates to service the public. Table of Contents I. Introduction – Brief Overview of Public Administration II. Body A. Woodrow Wilson B. Principles behind Public Administration C. Public Administration in the United States ...
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