...Alvonte T. Sample Dr. Esado United Nation Development Program Senegal October 7, 2012 Good morning fellow associates of the United Nation Development Program (UNDP) Bonjour and Ngadef to you President Macky Sall, President of the senate Pape Diop, president of national association Manadou Seck, Prime Minister Abdoul Mbaye, and Ambassador Faton Danielle Diagore, I am pleased to be in your presence on this day to announce that the UNDP has granted The Republic of Senegal with a $2billion development grant for the nation. My firm ENOSA inc. has been placed in charge of allocating the funds to various industries that could use improvement, our goal is to see measurable gains towards the Senegalese quality of life index (PQLI) in the areas of education and infrastructure. This grant will provide a much needed boost to the economy in the area of infrastructure and on the idea that if we educate the people they will build, with how this plan is set it will encourage a move in new development in an agrarian nation from new forms of cropping to soil development, innovative IT design, and development of existing ports along with the possible development of a new port in Saint Louis at the mouth of the Senegal River. Infrastructure and Economy With a nation of some 12.8 million inhabitants and of 5 major ethnic groups the 5 regions that is the Republic of Senegal sits in a geographically prominent position. Situated alongside the Atlantic Ocean Senegal is able to benefit from...
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...Modern American Political Parties: A Brief History Erick Henriquez HIST 101 American Military University Kristin Sawicki Modern Political Parties: A Brief History In the news there is always talk about social issues. When a politician is running for office, he or she will have opinions about these issues. These opinions will usually side with their political parties agenda. Parties while not originally in the constitution became a vehicle where like-minded people can congregate and discuss similar opinions. Political parties have been instrumental in shaping the United States. Lets go back to the year 1792 when the First Party system was created. Alexander Hamilton the newly appointed U.S treasury secretary believed in an America with a strong central government whose duty was to grow manufacturing to increase economic development. Meanwhile on the other side of the fence was Thomas Jefferson. His vision of America was different, he believed in an American government that allowed agriculture to thrive by limiting central government and allowing the states to handle local matters. By limiting the involvement of central government, farmers would be able to grow their crops in peace and, trade the fruits of their labors for manufactured goods with neighboring countries (Henretta, J. A., & Edwards, R. 2012 p.199). With these ideologies in mind, both men started campaigning for supporters. Those who sided with Thomas Jefferson became known as the Democratic-Republican...
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...Short Answer 1) Was Sid McMath a progressive? Explain. Sidney McMath’s time as governor could be described as progressive since it did not fit with conservative or Dixicrat views. When McMath took office in 1948after beating Laney and the two were dramatically different politically. McMath broke protocol by putting blacks into board and commissions that they had not been allowed to serve on before. He worked hard to make thing equal with school funding. He removed the poll tax along with raising the minimum wage. He made great improvements during his one term as governor, but was not supported by the conservative business community. 2) Discuss the political career of Winthrop Rockefeller. Winthrop Rockefeller was first appointed in 1954 as director of the Arkansas Industrial Development Commission. After his fall out with Faubus and the Little Rock crisis Rockefeller decided to begin building his campaign for governor. His first run in 1964 was unsuccessful, but he was able to secure the governor seat in 1966 and held it for two terms. Rockefeller was able to gain large support from the black voters after the Voting Right Act of 1965. The Freedom of Information Act passed during his time is office was a large success that we still benefit from today. 3) Discuss how Pryor and Bumpers changed Arkansas government? Dale Bumpers and David Pryor were progressive and made great strides in moving Arkansas forward during the 1960s and 70s. Bumpers was able to...
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...The word “history” is a term defined as the study of past events, associated with someone or something. With it comes an overwhelming amount of documents, records, and physical artifacts collected and housed for society to dig through, in order to properly evaluate and learn from the past. Many times when written history is presented, it has been edited and re-edited by a secondary source writer, rather than composed by actual witnesses, which proposes a problem; that of the interjectory of the writers own interpretation. Lost is the authentic perspective or narrative from an actual person of a past event. Recorded oral history preserves the viewpoints of individual voices, whether wealthy or poor, having personal knowledge of past events through spoken assessments, recollections and...
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...Analyse the way in which history and memory generate compelling and unexpected insights. – Jake Cronin The interaction between history and memory is a complex and dialectic process through which perceptions of the past are negotiated, reinforced or challenged. Despite official history’s dependency on validating its claims through documented evidence, it must be acknowledged that it is not objective and remains vulnerable to distortion of those with political power or hegemony. Similarly, the subjective nature of memory allows for official history to be vulnerable to the bias of personal experience and differing perspectives. Furthermore, although official history and subjective memory both provide adequate insights into the past, it is through the consideration and combination of the two that compelling and unexpected insights into the past are generated. Paul Keating’s ‘The Redfern Address’ offers a reasonable challenge to the dominant historical narrative surrounding the European colonisation of Australia and their acts of social injustice in regards to Indigenous Australians. Similarly, Shaun Tan’s ‘Memorial’ explores Australia’s wartime history through the medium of a community’s personal experiences, perspectives and memories converging to form history, and illuminates the way in which history is dictated by those with political power. Through the dialectic interplay of history and meaning, compelling and unanticipated comprehensions of the past are generated and are...
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...Historiography It is the study of the history and methodology of the discipline of history. The term historiography also denotes a body of historical work on a specialized topic. Scholars discuss historiography topically – such as the “historiography of Catholicism,” the “historiography of early Islam,” or the “historiography of China" – as well as specific approaches such as political history and social history. Beginning in the nineteenth century, at the ascent of academic history, a corpus of historiography literature developed. Furay and Salevouris (1988) define historiography as "the study of the way history has been and is written — the history of historical writing... When you study 'historiography' you do not study the events of the past directly, but the changing interpretations of those events in the works of individual historians." Questions studied Some of the common questions of historiography are: 1. Reliability of the sources used, in terms of authorship, credibility of the author, and the authenticity or corruption of the text. (See also source criticism). 2. Historiographical tradition or framework. Every historian uses one (or more) historiographical traditions, for example Marxist, Annales School, "total history", or political history. The historiography of early Islam refers to the study of the early origins of Islam based on a critical analysis, evaluation, and examination of authentic primary source materials and the organization of these sources into...
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...academic discipline. For a general history of human beings, see History of the world. For other uses, see History (disambiguation). Page semi-protected Historia by Nikolaos Gysis (1892) Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.[1] —George Santayana History (from Greek ἱστορία - historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation"[2]) is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians. It is a field of research which uses a narrative to examine and analyse the sequence of events, and it sometimes attempts to investigate objectively the patterns of cause and effect that determine events.[3][4] Historians debate the nature of history and its usefulness. This includes discussing the study of the discipline as an end in itself and as a way of providing "perspective" on the problems of the present.[3][5][6][7] The stories common to a particular culture, but not supported by external sources (such as the legends surrounding King Arthur) are usually classified as cultural heritage rather than the "disinterested investigation" needed by the discipline of history.[8][9] Events of the past prior to written record are considered prehistory. Amongst scholars, the 5th-century BC Greek historian Herodotus is considered to be the "father of history", and, along with his contemporary...
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...It is worth to learn the world history because it has shaped today’s society. As an international student, it is interesting to learn and have a better understanding on the history of the United States. I was glad to have Mr. Richard Ng to be my interviewee for my final history essay. In the following essay, I would like to tell you about the biggest historical event that has been influenced on Mr. Ng’s life and get related to what I have learnt in this history class. First, I would like to briefly give you some background information of Mr. Ng. Mr. Ng is a Chinese. He immigrated to the United States with his family in 1967, and he was living in Berkeley. At that time, he was studying in high school as an eleventh grade student. Now, I am...
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...was still married to Betty Draper. At the beginning of 21st century American historian could learn such an artifact? forward to the new political history of illusion, why should anyone bother to renew old? In a book written in old age we can learn important things Draper Revolution? Well, of course, the answer is yes. In contemporary American educational institutions, Hobsbawm is probably the best stability...
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...the same sex to gain the attention of the opposite sex only. The morality has gone, it is considered “old school” to have morals or believe in saving yourself for marriage, staying married to one person, or not let your parents raise your babies. Even news outlets that are supposed to be legitimate and unbiased are telling only one side of the news to fill a political agenda. Politics are sugar coated and ignored on some networks, or completely farfetched from reality for political gain and control from one party or another. Media writers can put their own agenda and emotion into any piece they report on to give a one sided view of any subject. It is hard to know what is fact or opinion anymore with so many resources out there. Many things on the internet are also untrue, for example history books in public schools are being rewritten with “facts” that were never taught to us, a rewriting of history to fill some modern liberal agenda. I believe that the media is biased and hates anyone or organization that represents morality and especially if Christianity is in any way linked with it. You have to know your history,...
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...Lin Manuel-Miranda: A Progressive Voice for History History is frequently the bane of many students’ academic careers. To some, history is arid, nothing more than the tedious repetition of events long passed. The somniferous lectures and dense readings found in the history classroom further serve to perpetuate the myopic perception of history as stale and purposeless. Through the medium of the stage, Lin-Manuel Miranda challenges this attitude with an impeccable tone of drama, introspection, and spontaneity, breathing new life into the carcass of historical narratives by grounding Hamilton’s story in the universal aspirations and struggles of mankind. Lin weaves together his boundless excitement for telling Hamilton’s story with...
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...HISTORY 4C: WESTERN CIVILIZATION: 1715-PRESENT Description of the Course: This course surveys the history of Europe from the beginning of the 18th century until the end of the 20th century. We will study major political, economic, social and intellectual developments that affected European societies during that time period and changed lives of people throughout the world. Major themes of the course will include the French and Industrial Revolutions, emergence of ideologies such as liberalism, nationalism and socialism as well as their practical impact on politics and culture, the rise and fall of European global dominance, wars and revolution of the 20th century. Goals of the Course: I. Understanding Historical Heritage of our Civilization: The major purpose of this course is to familiarize you with heritage of the western civilization and help you understand significance of its impact on contemporary world. This class will aim to illustrate how the past impacts people’s lives in the present and how our actions, ideas, and self-image are shaped by historical developments. II. Acquiring Critical Thinking: History consists of more than just memorization of names, dates and narratives of historical events. Although knowledge of factual information is imperative, it is important to realize that history is interpretation of facts, trends and ideas. Therefore, neither professor nor Teaching Assistants will give you “right” or “wrong” answers. Instead, another major...
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...writer, historian and philosopher who was famous for his political works. All his literary writings were famous, including plays, poems, novels, essays, historical and scientific works. His best-known histories are The Age of Louis XIV (1751), and his Essay on the Customs and the Spirit of the Nations (1756). He broke from the tradition of narrating political and military events, and emphasized traditions, societal history and achievements in the arts and sciences. One of his famous sayings, “History is the lie commonly agreed upon”, is quite contrary as some agree with it while others argue that that is not the case. Based on the analysis and readings I agree with what Voltaire said. Some people associate history with past whereas history is not the same as past. As past is the occurrence of all the events even the minor ones while history is the selection of some events from the past which are then given meaning to by the historians. So what we study is not actually history but historiography (the writings of history). An example of which can be a person selling gingerbread man in a low lying area and some random people come to his stall and beat him up and kill him [1]. So the historians will not give importance to this event – which is definitely part of the past but it is not the part of written history. At the same time history is majorly affected by the involvement of the role of power in its writing. History is always created by the winners. This means that the people...
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...Cultural Awareness on Iraq In thesis I talk about why Iraq has one of the world's oldest cultural histories. Iraq is where the Ancient Mesopotamian Civilizations were, whose legacy went on to influence and shape the civilizations Of the Old World. Culturally, Iraq has a very rich heritage. Iraq is an Islamic nation and has one of the most colorful histories in the world. The country’s traditions remain evident in many aspects of everyday life, the most common tradition is afternoon cup of tea also know as shy, it is a welcoming invitation to sit with your friends and family enjoy a cup of tea specially if you are not from this country. In the past, arranged marriages were common. However, “this practice is becoming more rare, and a law was...
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...nineteenth century, the German thinker Hegel, in his original Lectures on the Philosophy of History, pronounced that Africa is no verifiable part of the world; it has no development or improvement to show. Over 100 years after the fact, in 1965, then the Oxford University educator Hugh Trevor-Roper reverberated Hegel's notion. He pronounced that maybe, later on, there will be some African history to instruct. However, at present there is none, or next to know: there is just the historical backdrop of the Europeans in Africa. The rest is to a great extent murkiness, and obscurity is not a subject of history. Such assumptions are demonstrative of a bigot perspective and a general doubt of African accomplishments. Other than prejudice, in any case, explanations denying that Africa has a history are established in an essential origination of legitimate verifiable sources. It was trusted that social orders' advancements towards change and advance should have been recorded in composing structure at the general time that they happened. It was this emphasis on composing archives that rendered Africa's past imperceptible to the history specialist specifically and the more extensive open when all is said in done. Most African people groups did not create composing frameworks until the nineteenth and twentieth hundreds of years. Subsequently, there was a scarcity of composing records that students of history could attract on to study Africa's past. The few composed records originated from outside...
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