A Research Report
On
Political Victimization of Dhaka University Hall Students

A Research Report
On
Political Victimization of Dhaka University Hall Students

Course: Business Research
Course no: MGT-407

Submitted to:
Dr.Mohammad Shariat Ullah
Assistant Professor
Department of Management
University of Dhaka

Submitted by:
Md. Nur Alom siddique
Roll: 18165
18th Batch
Department of Management
University of Dhaka.

Date of submission:

Letter of Transmittal

October 30, 2014

Dr. Muhammad Shariat Ullah
Assistant Professor
Department of Management
University of Dhaka. Subject: Submission of research report on political Victimization of Dhaka University Hall Students.

Dear Sir,
Here is the research report on “Political Victimization of Dhaka University hall Students”.

The report is prepared on the primary and secondary data from different sources. Recommendations are only subjective judgment of mine.

I would like to thank you for giving me the opportunity to know elaborately about preparing research report. I sincerely prepared this research report. I truly appreciated this assignment and I enjoyed it very much.

Yours Sincerely

Md. Nur Alom Siddique
Serial No: 18165
Section: B
Session: 2011-12
Batch: 18th
Department Of Management
University Of Dhaka

Chapter 1

1.1 Introduction
In the backdrop of student groups’ involvement in cadre politics, increased violence, tender manipulation, and admission business, the citizens have issued a clarion call to the political parties for a consensus in declaring a moratorium on student politics in colleges and universities. Student politics in recent times has taken away hundreds of promising lives from our midst.
The glorious age when politicians and statesman kept politics for themselves is a fading memory for many now. Many people whose voices seem to have been silenced by the upsurge of violent politics are still fighting to preserve those pristine values that led the nation to peace and prosperity, leaving the students absorbed in their studies.
People recall the time when students in our sub-continent had to abandon their studies and respond to the call of the time in driving out the British Raj from this sub-continent. The heroic role that the students played in the historic language movement of 1952, mass upsurge in 1969 and liberation war in 1971 can hardly be overestimated.
The student community along with the general masses spearheaded the movement and stood in revolt against the highhandedness of the Pakistan rulers. But shockingly, the spirit of idealism that once burned bright in many suddenly gave way to negative impulses during the successive rules of the last four decades.
The main culprit in that decline, as most people committed to national ideology, peace and development believe, is an overt attempt to usher in a period of increasing authoritarianism, debased morality, spreading corruption, political betrayal, dynastic aspirations, and divisive politics.
In the backdrop of these unhappy developments, intellectual’s conscious citizens of the country demanded of the then governments And politicians to abstain from placing funds at the disposal of the students groups, which only helped them indulge in destructive activities that spelled disaster on the academic campus.
In the years that followed the assassination of Sheikh Mujib, hundreds of student activists belonging either to opposition parties or others were killed. Stalwarts, mostly belonging to party organizations having connections with the govt. in the earlier days, who orchestrated these short of blood-lettings were never brought to book, ostensibly because of their close connection with the govt. of the day.
The killing of 7 students activities belonging to a student party in Mohsin Hall of Dhaka University in 1974 and the arrest of the rival leaders followed by jail sentence of the leader of the gang, and subsequent reprieve by the then president, spawned the disastrous change in student politics.

The country, believably, is suffering under the strain of student-backed politics, which often leads to conflicts. Terrifying violence has already enveloped the country in a manner that no citizen could have ever foreseen. The victims have been the promising sons of the country. The apprehension grows deeper that, with population still growing at an alarming rate, the country’s deteriorating demographics will witness a worsening of that violence.
1.2 Objectives of the study
This research focused on - * To find out, why and when students are being victimized politically? * To what extent there is a connection between politics and university students, since they are getting admitted in the university. * What are the consequences of political victimization? * Is there any relation between politics and university authority? 1.3 Research Hypothesis
H1: There is a significant positive relationship between politics and students victimization.
H0: There is no significant positive relationship between politics and students victimization.

1.4 Scope of the study

1.5 Significance of the study

1.6 limitations of the study
Any research is bounded to be confronted with varieties of obstacles. During the study, I encountered many such obstacles as follows: * The sample size was small because of limited time and money. * Because of purposive sampling method, the study may not fully representative. * The researcher work has to be completed within a very short period of time. As a result, it was not possible to collect more in-depth information. * Lack of sufficient theoretical foundation for the proposed issues created one of the major difficulties to conduct this study properly. * Many of the respondents were reluctant and hesitant to answer some issues like income, age etc.

Chapter 2
Review of the literature

2.1 The distinct identity of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is unlike any other countries in the world politically, culturally and economically, and that was under the control of British rule. This perspective has given a distinct identity from Bangladesh as a weak area in the Indian sub-continent. Despite the change of some countries in Southeast Asia, their fate themselves, and try to identify them in the line of the developed countries, but Bangladesh out of this effort.
Theoretical analysis of Stanly A. Kochanek on Bangladesh’ political, cultural and economic perspective has given this description a classical view. Actually religion and politics were highly interrelated as in the word of Kochanek Islam as an ideology of the ruling political power and as a social force in it self began to effect religious and social change in Bengal society.’’(Kochanek, 1993, p-18)
Actually Bangladesh is a country where mere things will be got that those are not possible. Though our government and we say about democracy in our country, but everywhere and every time democracy is being killed and slain by our some so called Politian and political parties. Politics is being practiced here as a basis of gaining highest self interest and profit. Actually this structure of politics of our country is constructed by our culture and society.

As it is said by Islam S. Aminul in his Political Culture, Political Parties and theDemocratic Transition in Bangladesh “Democracy can not survive without a responsible and responsive party system. The failure of democracy in both Pakistan and Bangladesh has been attributed to the shortcomings of political parties. But political parties as institutions are grounded in historically emergent cultural patterns and social structure. The way political party behave is greatly influenced by culture and social factors”(Islam, 2008,p-21).

It is very much amusing that Islam S. Aminul and Kochanek both has give the same opinion about one important issue that firstly if we cite Islam’s opinion as he told,
“Bangladesh is a relatively homogenous country, yet politics here is intensely factional- fission, fusion, and proliferation are pervasive aspects of political culture. In the popular discourse, there is a tendency to put the blame on political leaders and political parties. | (Islam, 2008, p-22)
The same thing cited Kochanek in his book as he told,
“Despite it’s cultural homogeneity, Bangladeshi political culture is highly fragmented at both the elite and man levels. This fragmentation is a result of structural factors and conflicting values. Structural factors result from the patron client character of Bangladeshi peasant society and the poor physical integration of the vast deltaic plain.”(Kochanek, 1993, p-34)
2.2 Political clash and victimization
The face of politics did not be changed till now after the 40 years of independent war of Bangladesh. The harsh reality is the whole country is extremely controlled by student leaders those are laid under the shadow of so called political parties leaders, those who use them in politics to fulfill their own interest and profit. Some times this conflict occurred between two parties or two rival groups of one party. Most interesting matter is when two rival groups of one party involve in factional feud then opposite political party back up one rival group of that party to make strong rivalry between them.
As cited in a prominent daily news paper
‘‘Jatiyatabadi Chhatra Dal (JCD) was divided into three groups just after formation of its central committee on January 1, as the post-deprived and dedicated leaders protested 4gaimt I leading to yesterday's clash on Dhaka University campus.
The deprived leaders were alleging that dedicated leaders who played a vital role after the 1/11 changeover were dropped from the committee and reformist leaders were included.
It has been alleged that Bangladesh Chhatra League (BCL) backed the JCD rebel factions.”(Daily Star: 19-1-2010)
Factional feud it’s not a new concept for Bangladesh’s politics, this is an old discourse of Bangladesh. If we analyze the history of Bangladesh we can see that factionalism is existed in the root of Bangladesh. Actually underdevelopment, poverty, famine etc. all of these are caused by factional politics of Bangladesh. Even in the liberation war there was an anti country party and that is Jamat-e -Islam. So all of these are the reflection of factional politics of Bangladesh. Raunaq Jahan cited a scenario of factionalism during 1972
“Factionalism beleaguered the administration too. In 1972 there was bitter infighting between the ‘Mujibnagar’ and ‘non- Mujibnagar’ administrators, in 1973 a third category of schism was added-the returnees from Pakistan. The jockeying for position by three groups undermined the coherence and efficiency of the services. The morale of the services was already low because of their job insecurity.
After liberation the erstwhile civil service of Pakistan was abolished and in the absence of a new structure the top bureaucrats felt insecure. Additionally the civil services, used to freedom from political control during the Pakistani days, found it difficult to adjust to the changed set up in a parliamentary system where they were placed under the control of the political leadership. Apart from their own factional division, members of the civil bureaucracy were caught in the factional schisms of the Awami League. ” (Jahan, 2005, P-123)

2.3 Campus violence and Harassment of students
In the backdrop of student groups' involvement in cadre politics, increased violence, tender manipulation and admission business, the citizens have issued a clarion call to the political parties for a consensus in declaring a moratorium on student politics in colleges and universities. Student politics in recent times has taken away hundreds of promising lives from our midst.
As a death case was cited in the daily star of Dhaka University campus
“A Dhaka University student who was injured in Sir AF Rahman Hall Tuesday during clashes between Chhatra League factions died yesterday sparking further violence on campus.
Doctors at Dhaka Medical College Hospital declared Abubakar Siddique, a fifth semester student of Islamic history and culture department, dead at 9:20am following a 30-hour struggle to save him, said Md Abbas Ali, elder brother of Siddique”( The Daily Star,February 4, 2010,p- ).
So this is the stunned reality of politics and student politics of Bangladesh. It’s no need to describe any more that the politics of Bangladesh is passing a transitional and a vulnerable situation. Though Bangladesh is a poor country, and a country of third world and developing countries, but it’s a probable country in the world unlike any other countries. It has enough natural and human resources, though there are enough skilled people in the country, but job is getting unskilled people doing lobbying and being patronized by some so called patriot political leaders.
So depression, anomie, and addiction are the only destination of their artificial dreamful life. Actually In reality it’s not the fault of students, they are just victims. Political parties are using them for their own sake. It’s not only students are victims here, but also teachers even general people are being victimized in this process. This victimization is resulting death finally, which is clear to us from an article of weekly magazine of daily star from its cover story and it’s headline is given as The Tragedy of Student Politics
“In the usual sequence of such events, an inquiry committee was formed and various interpretations ensued, creating more confusion. Baqar’s death is hardly an isolated incident of the ongoing dirty student politics. Sony, a brilliant student of Buet, died in a cross fire between the rival cadres of Bangladesh Jatiatabadi Chhatra Dal in 2005. Last Tuesday night, a Chhatra League follower was killed by the Jamaat-e-Islami student wing's Shibir men in a gruesome fight between the two student groups to dominate a dormitory in Rajshahi University. 2.4 Political instability and suffering of general students
In the last 40 years after the Independence of the country, 76 people including one teacher, died in Dhaka University due to violence inflicted by student wings of political parties. The number of those injured in these incidents is totally unknown. It is also impossible to evaluate the loss to the nation when students like Baqar who could not complete their studies or fulfill their dreams become casualties of battles between student cadres.” (The Daily Star weekly Magazine cover story;Februaryl2, 2010)
A great lacking of political stability in our country is very much common, though major two parties raise hundreds of commitment when election is up coming, they try to ensure verbally people of the country that they are more batter than another party and they are more liberal and democratic than any other opposition party of the country. The main target of political parties are ensuring that they must have to win in the election, whatever about their commitment it does not matter, it will be seen after election what they will do. But from liberation war till now these betrayers are doing the same job. This is nothing to do for the general people because they are passing a transitional time. Andaleeb cited it very much classically
“It is the consensus of international donors and most Bangladeshis that the most critical problem facing the nation is political, involving the two largest political parties, namely Awami League (AL) and Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP). Having polled respectively 30.08% and 30.81% of votes in 1991, and 37.4% and 33.6% in 1996 elections, AL and BNP have raised expectations of a truly competitive political system ensuring a stable democracy. But lacking solid democratic institutions and economic self-sufficiency, such political competitiveness could be counterproductive.” (Andaleeb, 2007, p-23)

Thousands of problems but mere solutions in the field of politics of Bangladesh. Though Bangladesh is a poor country but it has enough resources. Actually unskilled, poor background, and uneducated background politicians has destroyed this country. Socio-economic background of political leaders of Bangladesh is not pretty good; most of they are with poor socioeconomic demand.

Chapter 3
Methodology

Methodology is the most important part of any research design. Methodology is generally concerned with data gathering, data processing and data analysis. The methodology that will be adopted for this study are as follows:
3.1 data collection 3.1.1 Types of study A quantitative approach will be followed for this study. 3.1.2 Study site
The study will be conducted at S.M Hall, Surja Sen Hall, Mujib Hall, Zia Hall, Shamsunnahar Hall, Rokeya Hall of Dhaka University.

3.1.3 Study population
The population of this study will consist of the Students who are victims of politics.

3.1.4 Study unit
Individual Student who faced hall accommodation life will be the study unit of this study. 3.1.5 Sampling procedure The study involves non-probability sampling technique to draw the necessary sample from the target population. Though there will be a defined target population, the researcher will not be able to carry out a research using probability-sampling techniques. Since this is a student research project and the necessary time and budget are not provided with, the researcher will consider purposive sampling technique to select respondents. 3.1.5 Sample size
The total number of respondents will be 62 included both male and female who will be selected purposively. 3.1.6 sampling frame
Researcher would like to sample based on Hall ID cards.

3.1.7 Data collection instrument
Questionnaire will be used as the main data collection instrument for the study. For collecting necessary information, a semistructured questionnaire with a series of close and open-ended questions will be used. 3.1.4 Data collection technique
The data collection technique for this study will be the survey. 3.2 Data processing and analysis
Acquired data in research will be analyzed by STARTA -12 software.to evaluate the data, descriptive statistical method (Number and percentage) will be used.

Chapter 4 Findings and Analysis

4.1 Findings
According to the responses of students to the questions in the data collection tool, the following conclusions are reached-

4.1.1 Responses
According to the survey on (Political victimization of Dhaka University Hall students) students to the questions in the data collection tool, the response rate may presented in the following way:

1.Distribution of the respondnts by gender

The above response figure shows that 62 students responded to the questions provided to them. Among them 35 (56.45% of total respondents) students are male and 27 (45.55% of total respondents) are female.

2.Respondents hatred to political activities by gender

The above figure shows among the 35 male respondents 7 hate Slogan, 6 hate guest room meeting, 7 hate political lobbying, 7 hate hall leadership and 8 hate joining in party office. Among the 27 female respondents 10 hate slogan, 4 hate guest room meeting, 5 hate political lobbying, 6 hate hall leadership and 2 hate joining in party office.

3. Influence of politics by gender

The figure shows among 62 respondents 27 male and 23 female total 50 (80.64% of total respondents) respondents said they are influenced by politics and 8 male and 4 female total 12 (19.35% of total respondents) said they are not influenced.

4. Obligations of daily (in hours) participation in political activities of the respondents

The figure shows among the 62 respondents 24 (38.7% of total respondents) participate in political activities less than one hour (daily basis), 19 (30.6% of total respondents) are 2-3 hours, 8(12.9% of total respondents) are 4-5 hours, and 11 (17.7% of total respondents) are 6 and above hours

5. Supporting Student politics by gender

The above figure shows that among 62 respondents 53 (85.48% of total respondents) said they don’t support student politics. Among them 29 were male and 24 were female. And the other 9 (14.51% of total respondents) respondents said they support student politics. Among them 6 were male and 3 were female.

6. Frequency of participation in political activities The above figure shows that among the 62 respondents 45(72.4% of total respondents) respondents participate in political activities for sometimes, 15(24.45 of total respondents) respondents for often and 2(3.2% of total respondents) respondents are seldomly participate.

8. Relationship of the students with political leader The figure shows that among 62 respondents 34 (54.8% of total respondents) said their relationship with political leaders are not friendly, 16(25.8% of total respondents) said contractual, and other 12(19.4% of total respondents) said friendly.

10. Number of victimization of politics The above figure shows that all the respondents said they are politically victimized. 11. Membership of political party The figure shows that among 62 respondents 17(27.42% of total respondents) said they are the member of political party and other 45(723.58% of total respondents) said they are not.

13. The types of political victimization The above figure shows that among 62 respondents 7 7 male and female are victimized by lack of chances, 6 male and 6 female are by accommodation problem, 8 male and 4 female are by ignorance, 9 male and 7 female are by living under pressure and 5 male and 3 female are by all of the above.
14. Difference between past and present time’s politics The above figure shows that all the respondents said there is a difference exists between past and present time’s politics. 17. Types of students those are victimized Most The above figure shows that among 62 respondents 12 said non-political, 20 said political and 30 said another party’s activists are victimized mostly.