...Examining the Shroud of Turin The Shroud of Turin is an iconic Christian relic that is masked in mystery and intrigue. Because of the nature of the Shroud, Christians and scientists alike grapple with its secret. If the Shroud of Turin is the actual burial cloth of Christ, something magnificent happened to the body within that Shroud and people of faith want to know about it. However, if it is a hoax, scientists will want to prove it. So why should anyone care to examine this Christian artifact? Individuals can enjoy many benefits from examining the Shroud of Turin such as learning the historical content of the crucifixion, gaining knowledge of the dating methods science uses to date Biblical artifacts, and also using the mystery of the Shroud of Turin to examine their personal faith. One benefit of studying this artifact is that it can educate people on the historical crucifixion of Jesus Christ. In Trenn’s article he gives explicit descriptions of the Shroud of Turin and how it correlates to the historical account of Christ’s death. Trenn describes that the Shroud of Turin is a piece of material which measures over 14 feet long and over three feet wide, and is thought to be the garment that Christ was wrapped in after the crucifixion (Trenn, 1997). This burial cloth displays the exact wounds that Christ suffered, including the crown of thorns and a wound on the side of the body. Uniquely the Shroud is famous for its mysterious and haunting depiction of the face of...
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...Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Region XII Alabel DIVISION OF SARANGANI Tel. No. (083) 508-2029; Telefax No. (083) 508-2028 Email: sarangani_division@yahoo.com.ph Dear Graduates, It is with pride that I express my warmest greetings and congratulations to the graduates. After years of strenuous preparation in elementary/high school, you are finally ready to leave the portals of your Alma Mater to face greater task in the next ladder of education. Graduation is a time to celebrate, a time to thank the Lord for all His blessings and the people who had supported you all the way. Graduation is one big step toward the fulfillment of cherished dreams. It is something you had planned and work for with great patience, perseverance, intelligence and optimism. It is something you earned because you have proven yourself worthy. Graduation carries with an overwhelming weight of expectations. On the assumption that you have filled your mind with wisdom and have strengthened your character with challenges. Finally, as you take on the rigor and trials in your high school/college life, may you constantly uphold the ideals and good name of your Alma Mater. With your youthful dynamism, ideals, and strong educational foundation, wherever you are and in whatever fields of endeavor you will be, I am confident that you will serve as channel to shove our nation toward greater peace, progress, and prosperity. Congratulations and best wishes to all the graduates...
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...shepherded by Pope Pius XII, who proved himself an untiring foe of the Nazis, determined to save as many Jewish lives as he could. Yet today Pius XII gets almost no credit for his actions before or during the war. Anti-Catholic author Dave Hunt writes, "The Vatican had no excuse for its Nazi partnership or for its continued commendation of Hitler on the one hand and its thunderous silence regarding the Jewish question on the other hand. . . . [The popes] continued in the alliance with Hitler until the end of the war, reaping hundreds of millions of dollars in payments from the Nazi government to the Vatican."[1] Jack Chick, infamous for his anti-Catholic comic books, tells us in Smokescreens, "When World War II ended, the Vatican had egg all over its face. Pope Pius XII, after building the Nazi war machine, saw Hitler losing his battle against Russia, and he immediately jumped to the other side when he saw the handwriting on the wall. . . . Pope Pius XII should have stood before the judges in Nuremberg. His war crimes were worthy of death."[2] One is tempted simply to dismiss these accusations, so wildly out of touch with reality, as the deluded ravings of persons with no sense of historical truth. This would underestimate the power of such erroneous charges to influence people: Many take these writers at their word. Stepping out of the nightmare fantasyland of Hunt and Chick and back into sunlight of the real world, we discover that, not only was Pius XII no friend...
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...Basically, it serves as a personal function for the artist and the viewer as well. For the artist, creating a work of art is a means of self-expression. Most definitely, artists use art to convey a particular feeling to the receiver; maybe even to create an aesthetic experience for both the artist and viewer. For example, an artist will paint a portrait based on their tainted view of the world. An artist may choose to ignore the birds chirping, the flowers in full bloom and the berries on the bush in order to focus and paint a grim picture based on the single rain cloud in the sky. On a similar note, art gives the artist the means to express their unconscious thoughts. In an address by His Holiness Pope Pius XII to a group of Italian artists on April 8th, 1952, the Pope said “The function of all art lies in fact in breaking through the narrow and tortuous enclosure of the finite, in which man is emerged while living here below, and in providing a window to the infinite for his hungry soul.” Sometimes we feel bombarded with the daily struggles of life. Our problems seem unending. Solutions feel limited. We feel powerless and constricted. Art provides a platform where the artist can put aside worldly materials and thoughts...
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...St. Maria Goretti She was born in Corinaldo, Ancona, Italy, on October 16, 1890 to Luigi Goretti and Assunta Carlini. She was the third out of the six children. Her sisters were named Teresa and Ersilia; her brothers were Angelo, Sandrino, and Mariano. At the age of 6, her family bacame so poor that they were forced to give up their farm. They moved to Ferrier di Conca, near Anzio, and her father worked for other farmers. Later, her father died of malaria when she was 6. After her father’s death, her mother had to struggle to feed her children. She spent a difficult childhood assisting her mother in domestic duties. Soon, she and her family moved to Le Ferriere, where they lived in a building, they shared with another family which included Giovanni Serenelli and his son, Alessandro. The family was able to survive by working for Giovanni Serenelli and his teenager son Alessandro. Her brothers, mother, and sister worked in the fields while Maria cooked, sewed, watched after her baby sister, and kept the house clean. Since her family was too poor to pay for Masses in her father's memory, every night Maria would recite the Rosary for her father's soul. She was often at prayer. It was a hard life, but the family was very close. They shared a deep love for God and the faith. The words of her mother Assunta were fixed in her soul. "You must never commit sin, at any cost." In 1902, 20-year-old Alessandro Serenelli began ordering 11-year-old Maria to perform difficult chores, none...
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...Bibliography Annotated Bibliography Benigni, Umberto. "Pope Pius X." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 6 Jan. 2015 This website explores Giuseppe Sarto’s life from the time when he was born to when he died in 1914. Through descriptive language and copious details, the author of this biography helped me understand how Sarto got to where he was through the support of his peers. I learned how big of an influence Catholicism was on him and his life. The author is very well-informed, and as a result the details are factual and unbiased. I used many of the facts from this article to write my resume and speech as accurately as possible. "Fondazione Giuseppe Sarto." Fondazione Giuseppe Sarto. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015. This website was among my most helpful sources because it is dedicated to Pope Pius X, and is therefore very well written and has a great number of articles pertaining to his life. Within the website, there are various links that lead to primary as well as secondary sources. I used a couple of primary sources found here as well as the biography to help write my speech. The articles were great and very original, which proved to be a huge help when trying to write an authentic-seeming speech. The only problem with this source is the language in which it is written, Italian. This meant that in order to read the text, I had to use a translator. "Pope St. Pius X: The Great Reformer - Crisis Magazine." Crisis Magazine. N...
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...that ‘Situation Ethics is always practical’, as he developed a series of rule breaking principles according to Jesus’ teachings, which would bring about the most loving outcome, and serves the majority according to those in loves need. An example of this is Fletcher’s principle that, ‘only one thing is intrinsically good; namely love – nothing else’. This supports the view that ‘Situation Ethics is always practical’, as actions are good if they help human beings, and even if they are immoral actions, but bring about the most loving outcome, they are still considered to be good. Despite Fletcher’s strong argument which is supported by Jesus’ teachings within The New Testament, Situation Ethics is not always practical, according to Pope Pius XII who...
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...Religion CPT Pope John XXIII Name: mapleweef Teacher: Teacher Name Here Date:today Pope John XXIII was born November 25, 1881 (Rome, Italy) with the name Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli. He was the fourth in a family of 14. The family worked as sharecroppers. The town’s priest got him interested in religion. He was considered a star pupil with his teachers. Before he could finish his studies he was drafted as a sergeant in the medical corps and became a chaplain to wounded soldiers. He enjoyed army life however within the first few weeks he lost twenty pounds. Some of his friends wondered if he would leave the army, when the opportunity came he took off his sword and went on indefinite leave, without pay. When the war ended, he opened a "Student House" for the spiritual needs of young people. He had no problems attracting students. He was a war hero, gentle, kind and very amusing company. When the Second World War broke out he was in Greece. He got news from the prisoners and informed their families on how they were managing. He assisted many Jewish people to escape by issuing "transit visas" from the Apostolic Delegation. On March 19 1925 he was ordained Bishop and left for Bulgaria. He was given the title Apostolic Delegate and stayed in Bulgaria until...
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...funds, and his personal library, became the nucleus for the start of UST and its library. The founding of the University of Santo Tomas followed on April 28, 1611. The original campus was located in Intramuros, the Walled City of Manila. UST was first called Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario, and later renamed Colegio de Santo Tomas, in memory of the foremost Dominican Theologian, St. Thomas Aquinas. On July 29, 1619 the Colegio was authorized to confer academic degrees in theology and philosophy. By November 20, 1645, Pope Innocent X elevated the college to a university. In 1680, it was subsequently placed under the royal patronage of the Spanish monarchy. In 1681, Pope Innocent XI declared it a Public University of General Studies allowing it to confer other degrees. In 1734 Pope Clement XII authorized the University to confer degrees in all existing faculties as well as all others that might be introduced in the future. The Pope also approved the curriculum in the entire field of jurisprudence. During the British invasion of Manila in 1762, the University raised four companies of students and professors numbering 400 men each. These saw action in battles against the British until 1764. The expulsion of the Society of Jesus from the Philippines in 1768 left the University of Santo Tomas as the only institution of higher learning in the islands. In 1785 in...
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...THE CATHOLIC CHURCH’S VIEW ON WOMEN Reported by: Martin & Luzong The status of women in the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) Passages treating women as inferior to men Exodus 1:15-16, the Pharaoh ordered the midwives to kill all Jewish boys at birth, because of the threat that they might pose to the kingdom. "And he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the stools; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him: but if it be a daughter, then she shall live." The girls, being considered less important, were not seen as a threat; they were allowed to live. Deuteronomy 22:23 extends this prohibition to a man sleeping with a woman who is engaged to be married. If a man has an affair with an unmarried woman, the act is not considered adultery. Married men were free to visit prostitutes. A man who committed adultery did not commit a wrongful act against his own wife, but rather against his male neighbor. Numbers 30 describes that a vow taken by a man is binding. But a vow taken by a woman can be nullified by her father, if she is still living in her family of origin, or by her husband, if she is married. • Old testament figures, Virgin Mary, and female disciples of Jesus in the Gospels. • Theologians, abbesses, monarchs, missionaries, mystics, martyrs, scientists, nurses, hospital administrators, educationalists and religious sisters, many of whom have been canonised as Catholic saints • ...
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...St. Dominic Savio St. Dominic Savio was born in a village of Riva, in Piedmont, northern Italy. He was born on April 2, 1842, and died on March 9, 1957 at the age of 14. His parents were Carlo and Brigitta Savio. He had 9 siblings. Dominic was baptized as Domenico, which means “belonging to God”, and Savio means “wise”. His dad was a blacksmith, and his mom was a seamstress. Although they were very hard working, they were poor. Dominic’s parents tried very hard to give him a Christian upbringing. At the age of four, he was able to pray by himself. He was often found alone praying. He even reminded others to pray. Dominic was a good child. Dominic received his First Holy Communion at the early age of seven with a special permission from the priests. He would rather die than sin. Dominic’s mentor and teacher at the Oratory of St. Francis de Sales was St. John Bosco. He looked up to him, and wanted to learn from him. He was always obedient to his teachers, and chose his friends very carefully. Dominic renewed his First Communion promises at the altar at the age of twelve. John Bosco recorded this, and other incidents that happened for future reference. Dominic was very impressed after listening to a talk on sainthood, and decided he would become a saint. He did physical penances like making his bed with small stones and pieces of wood, covering with thin clothing in the winter, and fasting on bread and water. When John Bosco heard of this, they forbade...
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...Should Pope Benedict XVI have resigned? For the first time in over 600 years, the Pope has stepped down from his holy position and abandoned his role in the Roman Catholic Church. In history, only four other Popes have resigned. Every Pope for the past 600 years has lived through their issues, personal matters, and problems to serve the Roman Catholic community and has died in their position. The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, which values tradition, should have kept with the tradition of dying in his seat of holy power. However, in his resignation statement, Benedict states; “In today’s world … both strength of mind and body are necessary, strength which in the last few months, has deteriorated in me to the extent that I have had to recognize my incapacity to adequately fulfill the ministry entrusted to me.” The Pope argues that, with his deteriorating strength, he can no longer carry out the responsibilities of the papacy. It is also true that Pope Benedict XVI is leaving the church in a more troubled state than when he first received the grand position. For years, controversy has plagued Catholicism. The controversy has only intensified since his coronation. The Pope no longer signifies true morality, especially after sex scandal controversies appeared in recent years . An increase in religious disregard and apathy has brought a societal shift in perspective of the church. The position of The Pope, and the church in general, promotes backwards moral values from a...
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...from animal intestines and fish bladders. However, it wasn’t until after Margaret Sanger’s multiple convictions and persistent attitude, that a judge ended the Comstock era, providing Sanger with the opportunity to stress the importance of having birth control in th for of a pill to the public. In less than a decade after Sanger persuaded Pincus to begin working on the contraceptive, Pincus created a pill that tested to be 100 percent effective. However, in 1957, while the Food and Drug Adminsitration approved the pill, it was not approved as a contraceptive but rather as a treatment for women that experienced sever menstrual disorders. It was not until 1960 that the drug was actually approved as a contraceptive. Despite this, many controversies arose from the contraceptive leading to its many transformations. Because the original pill had many side effects that were largely ignored, a newer pill with a smaller dosage was created, coming with a decreased risk of developing ovarian cancer, pelvic inflammatory disease, and deficiency anemia in the users. Later on, the pill was also approved by the FDA as not just a contraceptive, but also as a treatment for acne. In the 200s, a new pill called “seasonale” was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Unlike the second generation of contraceptives, this new pill gave women four menstrual cycles a year. Today, while the birth control pills has come far from its early beginnings in the 19850s, many...
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...Evolution Abstract One paragraph… The discussion on the origin and fate of the universe continues to revolve around creationists and evolutionary ideas, though creationism positions arise mainly of religion and philosophy, while the evolution is postulated mainly from science. One wonders if possible convergence in these fields in the discussion, that is, if you can address both creationism and evolutionism from science, philosophy and religion. Theory of Evolution In science the theory of evolution explains the huge variety of life arising by postulating a process of transformation through changes in genes that lead to new adaptations to the environment. By studying the genetic structure of living beings is a verifiable fact that they are related to each other and, therefore, aims to have a common origin as the emergence of new species due to the accumulation of changes that do diverge and take different paths to adaptation to the environment. In the scientific world, biological evolution represents the interpretative key of the living world. Life began about 3500 makes 4000 million years in the form of single-celled organisms without nuclei and took about two billion years to produce the first eukaryotes (unicellular organisms with nuclei), so the start was given very slowly. However, in evolutionary history there are times with a high evolutionary rate as the Cambrian period (540 to 520 million years, they were many forms of multicellular life). They also appeared...
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...HISTORY 1500 WINTER 2014 RESEARCH ESSAY TOPICS 1. Select a crusade and discuss the extent to which it accomplished its objectives. Why did it succeed or fail? Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A Short History; Carole Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives; Christopher Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades 2. How did anti-Semitism manifest itself in medieval Europe? Kenneth R. Stow, Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe; Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages; Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews in the Thirteenth Century 3. What was the position of prostitutes in medieval society? Ruth Mazo Karras, Common Women; Leah Otis, Prostitution in Medieval Society; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 4. Why did the French choose to follow Joan of Arc during the the Hundred Years War? Kelly DeVries, Joan of Arc: A Military Leader; Bonnie Wheeler, ed., Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 5. Discuss the significance of siege warfare during the crusades. You may narrow this question down to a single crusade if you wish. Jim Bradbury, The Medieval Siege; Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century; John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade 6. Why did the persecution...
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