...dietary supplement. People are using it to treat everything from jet lag to cancer. There have been many studies done on the effects of melatonin. The bulk of the studies have been done on the effects of melatonin on sleep and on treating jet-lag. The findings show that melatonin is proven to be an effective sleep aid and also help alleviate jet lag. Melatonin is a substance that the public is taking without being knowledgeable about its benefits, side or dosage. Many companies manufacture melatonin. There are two kinds of melatonin available, synthetic or natural. It is recommended to take the synthetic time release formula. It is the closer to the molecular make-up of melatonin and is made with pharmaceutical grade ingredients. Natural melatonin may contain animal parts through which viruses and diseases can be carried (http://www.teleport.com/~jor/#1). What is being said about melatonin Melatonin and Sleep Melatonin is used most frequently for sleeping troubles and jet-lag. By differing the amount of exposure to lightness and darkness, there is a possibility of abrupting the sleep/wake cycle. It is believed this change results from varying levels of melatonin being produced. Taking melatonin is thought to induce sleep. It is found to work best when taken between twenty to forty minutes before bedtime. Low levels of melatonin seem to impede or disrupt sleep...
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...has positive effects on middle school students lives. For one thing, middle and high schoolers need to get more sleep according to npr.org. Making middle and high schoolers start classes before 8:30am threatens their life. With a later start time students can get more sleep, and be more active, and focus better in class. When students get more sleep, their health is better than someone who gets less sleep. If middle and high schoolers get more sleep they would have fewer mood changes, they would also have improved physical health. According...
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...Have you ever gone to school tired because if so you aren't the only one, many students have the same problem as you. I believe that the school start times should be later than what they are now. Start times should be later because schools can save money and be able to spend their budget on other stuff, people go to school tired and sleep deprived because of the early start times, and later start times because there are many positive effects on the students. If school would have their start times later they could save money on their budgets. Later start times would make busses more efficient and save on transportation. A school in West Des Moines said that the later school times made the busses more efficient and they predicted that they would...
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...Based on the findings, correlation between addiction to computer games and physical complains, anxiety and sleep disorder, disorder in social functioning and depression were significant in level. Therefore, there was a direct relationship between addiction to computer games and physical disorders such as anxiety, sleep disorder and depression. But, there was a positive correlation between addiction to computer games and social dysfunction. In other words, based on coefficient of determination, 4% variance of addiction to computer games is common with physical disorder, 12% with anxiety and sleep disorder, 1% with disorder of social functioning and 6% with depression. Correlation coefficient between addiction to computer games and health dimensions Based on the findings, correlation between addiction to computer games and physical complains, anxiety and sleep disorder, social dysfunction and depression were significant in level. Therefore, there was a direct relationship between addiction to computer games and physical disorder, anxiety, sleep disorder and depression. But, the relationship between addiction to computer games and social dysfunction is reverse. In other words, based on coefficient of determination, 5% variance of addiction to computer games is common with physical disorder, 19% with anxiety and sleep disorder, 2% with disorder of social functioning and 10% with depression. Correlation coefficient between addiction to computer games and health dimensions in male...
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...baby sleep in a crib. Research shows that infants who sleep in a crib are twice as likely to suffer a sleep related fatality including SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) than infants who sleep in bed with their parents. (Gruber,Sobralske, pg.54) B. Almost everyone can relate to co-sleeping, whether you are a parent now or will become one the immediate future. 1. Sleeping with your newborn is beneficial for both parents and their baby. 2. We all could have at one time or another slept beside our parents as infants and have no recollection. C. I have shared the family bed with all three of my daughters’ believing that it was the best choice in my situation. 1. I know from experience how beneficial sleeping beside your newborn can be. D. Despite numerous negative views some people have on this controversial topic, co-sleeping can have many positive attributes that are often ignored. 1. A few examples would be; breast feeding is more convenient resulting in getting more sleep, mother and baby have a better bonding experience, and it could help reduce the risk S.I.D.S. Transition: To begin, let us get into more detail why these reasons for co-sleeping can be favorable. 1. Body A. Breast feeding is less challenging on both the baby and mother at night. 1. “Most skilled breastfeeding mothers have, for survival, learned that sharing sleep makes nightly feedings easier. 2. Breastfeeding mothers find it easier than bottle-feeding mothers to get their sleep cycles...
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...the National Sleep Foundation, is the most popular drug in the world and is a stimulant (Caffeine and Sleep). As a stimulant, caffeine is consumed by most people around the world upon waking up in the morning to jump start their day and is also consumed throughout the day by some mainly to maintain some form of alertness (Caffeine and Sleep). Caffeine is found in over 60 plants such as coffee beans and kola nuts (Caffeine and sleep) and people all over the world consume caffeine daily in its variable forms such as candy, coffee, tea, soda, chocolate, pills, etc. Taking about “three 8 oz. cups of coffee (250 mg. of caffeine per day) in moderation can increase alertness, cause insomnia, headaches, nervousness, dizziness, anxiety, irritability, heart palpitations, excessive urination, sleep disturbance and reduced fine motor coordination (Caffeine and sleep). Caffeine is said to have a...
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...Chronic Sleep Deprivation Fifty to seventy million Americans suffer from a disorder of sleep. Chronic sleep deprivation is common today, and could result in many risk factors. These issues include effects, mood, and performance. Many people suffer from this disorder today. The primary effect of sleep deprivation is called excessive daytime sleepiness. A sleep deprived person is most likely to fall asleep when they’re forced to sit still in a quiet situation, such as sitting in class, or during a meeting. This disorder of sleepiness can be a safety hazard, causing drowsy driving and workplace injuries. Sleep also plays a big role in thinking and learning; if you don’t get enough sleep, you won’t be able to remember what you learned and experienced during the day. Sleep does affect mood; in fact, you may be more irritable, and short-tempered. Sleep deprivation increases in negative mood and decreases in positive mood. According to evidence, people who are sleep deprived feel more depressed, and less friendly. People who suffer from sleep deprivation are really angry from not getting enough sleep. Not getting enough sleep will greatly impact learning and thinking. The performance of Chronic Sleep Deprivation is a loss of attention and alertness. People with Chronic Sleep Lopez 2 Deprivation have slow responses, hard decision making and have a hard time planning tasks. They have slow reactions to everything, and loss of memory. In conclusion, Chronic Sleep Deprivation...
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...ability to work, function in relationships and undertake relaxing activities such as sports. It can even lead to conditions ranging from sleep apnea to death. When unable to sleep, solutions can include trying warm baths, hot drinks, the reduction of excessive stimuli and herbal remedies like valerian root and ginger teas. Other recommendations are a dark room, exercise earlier in the day, and a reduction in daytime napping. There are a few ways to help insomnia but music seems to be some of the most profound. Classical music is also a good option to ease the mind and relax the nervous system. Music relaxation deals directly with cutting away with stress in your life. Stress is one of the biggest reasons that people have problems sleeping throughout the night. Music can promote relaxation of tense muscles, enabling you to easily release some of the tension you carry from a stressful day. Music, especially upbeat tunes, can take your mind off what stresses you, and help you feel more optimistic and positive. This helps release stress and can even help you keep from getting as stressed over life's little frustrations in the future. Researchers discovered4 that music can decrease the amount of the cortisol, a stress-related hormone produced by the body in response to stress. Music can aid insomniacs in there endless quest for a full night’s sleep in a countless amount of ways. The soothing power of music is well-established. It has a unique link to our emotions,...
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...of research strategies 6. What types of samples are there? 7. Be able to identify the classical conditioning model and provide one or two examples. Define and differentiate the following components: UCS, UCR, CS, CR 8. Define and provide an original example of each of the following: stimulus discrimination, generalization, extinction, spontaneous recovery, reinforcement 9. Name the 4 stages of NREM sleep. Identify the brain wave patterns of each. Differentiate them. 10. What is REM sleep? Provide 4-5 bits of information about REM sleep 11. Define consciousness and differentiate higher, lower, altered states of consciousness 12. What is hypnosis? Provide two perspectives to explain hypnosis. What has hypnosis been effectively used for? What are the steps involved in hypnotizing someone. What is meant by the saying…all hypnosis is self hypnosis 13. Identify 5 sleep disorders: Provide at least 3 facts for each disorder. What is the most common sleep disorder? 14. Identify 3 stimulants and 3 depressants 15. Define operant conditioning and give 3 examples. 16. Differentiate between positive and negative reinforcement. Define and give an example of each. 17. What is the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers? 18. Regarding the concept memory…What is memory? Define encoding, rehearsal, sensory, STM and LTM. 19. Differentiate among episodic, semantic and procedural memory. Give an example...
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...disorder. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, approximately 1 percent of the U.S. population is diagnosed with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has no exact known cause but is categorized as a brain disorder affecting the balance in neurotransmitter concentration of dopamine, glutamate and serotonin systems. Symptoms present in the disorder are positive, which means psychosis, or negative, which means affecting emotions and behavior. The primary areas of the brain implicated in schizophrenia are the forebrain, hindbrain and limbic system (LIVESTRONG, Aubri, John, 2011). The forebrain is the topmost and largest portion of the brain and includes the cerebral hemispheres which are divided into four lobes; they are the limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus and corpus callosum. As a whole, the forebrain serves to control cognition which is the process of thinking, knowing, learning, judging, sensory and motor function, temperature regulation, reproduction, hunger, sleep cycle and emotional expression. It is within the frontal lobe where thought organization occurs, creating the delusional ideas that are a common positive symptom of schizophrenia. It is also in this lobe that overstimulation of dopamine impacts decreased glutamate and neural activity. The temporal lobe regulates hearing, and object and facial recognition. When schizophrenia is present the temporal lobe process is twisted, and a result is auditory and visual hallucinations. The hindbrain includes the pons...
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...Effect of creatine supplementation and sleep deprivation, with mild exercise, on cognitive and psychomotor performance, mood state, and plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol. McMorris T, Harris RC, Swain J, Corbett J, Collard K, Dyson RJ, Dye L, Hodgson C, Draper N. Source Centre for Sports Science and Medicine, University College Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 6PE, UK. t.mcmorris@ucc.ac.uk Abstract RATIONALE: Sleep deprivation has a negative effect on cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood state, partially due to decreases in creatine levels in the brain. Therefore, creatine supplementation should lessen the negative effects of sleep deprivation. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of creatine supplementation and sleep deprivation, with mild exercise, on cognitive and psychomotor performance, mood state, and plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol. METHOD: Subjects were divided into a creatine group (n=10) and a placebo group (n=9). They took 5 g of creatine monohydrate or a placebo, dependent on their group, four times a time a day for 7 days, immediately prior to the experiment. The study was double blind. Subjects undertook tests of random movement generation (RMG), verbal and spatial recall, choice reaction time, static balance and mood state pre-test (0 h), after 6, 12 and 24 h of sleep deprivation, with intermittent exercise. They were tested for plasma concentrations of...
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...org/10.1155/2015/902708 Review Article The Effects of Mind-Body Interventions on Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review Rachel Neuendorf,1 Helané Wahbeh,1,2 Irina Chamine,2 Jun Yu,2 Kimberly Hutchison,2 and Barry S. Oken2 1 Helfgott Research Institute, National College of Natural Medicine, 049 SW Porter Street, Portland, OR 97201, USA Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, CR-120, Portland, OR 97239, USA 2 Correspondence should be addressed to Rachel Neuendorf; neuendorf@gmail.com Received 28 February 2015; Accepted 25 May 2015 Academic Editor: Lise Hestbaek Copyright © 2015 Rachel Neuendorf et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Study Objectives. To evaluate the effect of mind-body interventions (MBI) on sleep. Methods. We reviewed randomized controlled MBI trials on adults (through 2013) with at least one sleep outcome measure. We searched eleven electronic databases and excluded studies on interventions not considering mind-body medicine. Studies were categorized by type of MBI, whether sleep was primary or secondary outcome measure and outcome type. Results. 1323 abstracts were screened, and 112 papers were included. Overall, 67 (60%) of studies reported a beneficial effect on at least one sleep outcome measure. Of the most common interventions...
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...negative effects greatly outweighs its positive effects? It’s time to see just how useless and surprisingly detrimental daylight saving’s time and it’s accompanying piece of legislature really is. The most important claim to debunk about DST is if it really does lead to energy conservation. According to one of the facts listed in Source A, the whole reason that DST was adopted by the United States was to make an effort to save energy during World War 1. Ever since 1942, Americans have kept the same perception that DST does in fact help save energy. Source B states that “Studies done in the 1970s…that daylight savings time is in effect.” (Lines 7-10) These findings would be completely credible if they were relatively recent, but they aren’t. The most recent data, presented in Source F, gives the “first empirical estimates of DST effects on electricity consumption in the...
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...PRESS Sleep Medicine Reviews (2008) 12, 153–162 www.elsevier.com/locate/smrv CLINICAL REVIEW Caffeine: Sleep and daytime sleepiness Timothy Roehrsa,b,Ã, Thomas Rotha,b a Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W Grand Blvd, CFP-3, Detroit, MI 48202, USA b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA KEYWORDS Caffeine; Daytime sleepiness; Sleep disturbance; Caffeine dependence Summary Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive substances and it has profound effects on sleep and wake function. Laboratory studies have documented its sleep-disruptive effects. It clearly enhances alertness and performance in studies with explicit sleep deprivation, restriction, or circadian sleep schedule reversals. But, under conditions of habitual sleep the evidence indicates that caffeine, rather then enhancing performance, is merely restoring performance degraded by sleepiness. The sleepiness and degraded function may be due to basal sleep insufficiency, circadian sleep schedule reversals, rebound sleepiness, and/or a withdrawal syndrome after the acute, over-night, caffeine discontinuation typical of most studies. Studies have shown that caffeine dependence develops at relatively low daily doses and after short periods of regular daily use. Large sample and population-based studies indicate that regular daily dietary caffeine intake is associated with disturbed sleep and...
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...Schools over time have started school earlier sure it good timing for students who do have after school activities but waking up early to go to school has more cons then it has pros.The worst is that most education boards know about the bad effects it has on student but choose to ignoring putting their students health in danger.Doctor after doctor have proven that later start times in school would benefit our youth for a while. Later start times have been a topic for years now but until recent years actual change have happened and the result have been mostly positive. Having a later start time to school at least 3 hours later would have an amazing health effect on teens in high school.They would be more awake and would probably have more time to eat a good breakfast. Research at the university of Minnesota found 65% to 70% decrease in vehicle...
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