...Detailed Lesson Plan (Grade 7) 1. Objectives After providing the necessary materials, each student; 1.1 investigates the different types of solutions: -unsaturated -saturated -supersaturated 1.2 performs an actual activity about solubility. 1.3 values the common solutions that can be found at home and can be used in daily living. 1. Learning Tasks 2.1 Topic: Solutions 2.2 Concept: The unsaturated solution has a less amount of solute to be dissolved. The saturated solution can hold no more solute to be dissolved. The supersaturated solution cannot hold more solute. 2.3 Materials 2.3.1 Textbook/Other Reference -Science Grade 7: Matter (K-12 Curriculum), pages 1-16 - http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/solution-heat-solution.html 2.3.2 Instructional Materials - video clips, materials enumerated for the experiment and activity sheet. 2. Methodology 3.1 Daily Activities 3.1.1 Prayer/ Greetings Christ Jesus Whom we open our eyes, may you be there; When we open our ears, may you be there; When we open our mouths, may you be there; When we open our diaries, may you be there. Help us to see with your eyes; Help us to hear with your ears; Help us to speak your truth in love; Help us to make time for you… for others… for ourselves. Amen. 3.1.2 Checking of Attendance 3.1.3 Checking of Assignment 3.2 Preparatory Activities 3.2.1 Review Teacher: Class...
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...changes in dimensions of the tissues when it is placed in solutions of different concentrations. Research Question: What is the effect of sucrose solution on potato cells Hypothesis: Osmosis will increase when the solutions are less concentrated with sucrose Variables: Dependant: Osmosis Independent: Length Materials: 12 large test tubes or specimen tubes with bungs, marker pen, potato chip cutter, scalpel, fine forceps, 3 watch glasses or petri dishes, ruler, 6 labeled beakers one containing 50cm^3 of distilled water and other four containing 50cm^3 of 0.2 mol dm^-3, 0.4 mol dm^-3, 0.6 mol dm^-3 and 0.8 mol dm^-3. Method: 1- Using the potato chip cutter, cut 24 chips from the potato. Cut the chips into 5cm lengths using the scalpel. Be as accurate as possible. Place 4 chips into each of six, labeled test tubes, one test tube for each of the different sucrose solutions. Pour in enough of each respective solution to cover the potato tissue. Put a bung in each one of the test tubes and label this series “potato”. 2- Repeat the method using the apple fruit or turnip root, putting four chips of tissue 5cm long into each of the second series of test tubes. Label these tubes “apple” or “turnip”. 3- Leave the tubes for at least an hour 4- After at least one hour, drain off the liquid from each of the tubes in turn and measure the length of each chip of tissue. Once again, be as accurate as possible. 5- Record your results in a table and process your...
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...FUNDAMENTALS OF SURFACE MODES: ¥ COLLOIDS ¥ means ÒglueÓ in Greek ¥ was coined in 1861 by Thomas Graham. ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ WHAT IS A COLLOID? usually consists of two phases; one continuous phase in which the other phase is dispersed. Size of particles: larger than the size of molecules and small enough for the dispersed phase to stay suspended for a longer period of time. ¥ No strict boundaries for the size limits. OFFICIAL DEFINITION ¥ In 1903 Wolfgang Ostwald formulated the official definition of a colloid: ¥ a system containing entities having at least one length scale in between 1nm and 1µm. ¥ For smaller particles there is no distinct boundaries between the phases and the system is considered a solution; ¥ for larger entities the particles will fall to the bottom due to the gravitational force, and the phases are separated. 1 2 3 MESOSCOPIC PHYSICS ¥ The particle size is in the so-called mesoscopic range in between the macroscopic and microscopic limits. LARGE INTERFACIAL AREA ¥ One very important quality of the colloids is the large interfacial area between the dispersed and the continuous phases. WHAT EFFECTS HAS THIS? ¥ This means that interface effects and hence the electromagnetic surface modes, are very important for the properties of the colloids. ¥ It costs energy to create this much surface and the particles would clump together if this isnÕt prevented. ¥ Usually the particles are charged and hence repel each other. 5 6 4 Four states...
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...TO: Kent Walker, Instructor Department of English FROM: Adegun Adediran Bachelor of Business Economics DATE: June 6th, 2014 RE: Barriers and solutions of a start up company [Case 2]. The owner of the company has requested that the company has grown enough that group meetings would be needed from now on, so the owner has told me to provide some barriers that we may face and some solutions to overcome it. One of the principles of interpersonal communication is that it’s a face-to-face communication, which makes it a transactional process. This kind of communication is simultaneous, which means it involves all communication mediums. The main purpose of this is to find some barriers of this group activity in the company and find solutions to it. Some of the barriers of this group activity are role issues, Negative individual approaches and time constraints, while the solutions to these barriers are anticipating the barriers, identifying and agreeing upon roles and applying the SMART criteria to goal. The first potential barrier is the issue of roles. In group activities there is always bound to be issues of people feeling that they are not being valued enough which causes some dissatisfaction amongst these members that feel that way, the group will also have competition which sometimes causes conflicts in the group although it is healthy for the group. Secondly, there is the...
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...case several times. Do not just copy sentences from the case. Instead, express in your own words the essence of the case. 4. A list of what you think are the 10-15 most important facts/factors in the case. 5. The most important health administration problem/issue to be solved in the case. [1 sentence]. List other secondary problems in the case. 6. Your recommended solution for the case (a.-d. below). Make clear specific realistic recommendations. There must be a clear logical sequence to your thoughts and recommendations. (2-3 Pages) a. At least three possible realistic alternative solutions for the most important problem (stated above for 5) b. Criteria to evaluate possible alternative solutions. For example: acceptability to stakeholders, needed resources, legality, timing, cost-effectiveness, ability to implement, side effects, qualifications, statistical data, financial data, ethical considerations, fit with case facts, likelihood of actually solving the problem, etc. c. Evaluation of the possible alternative solutions (6a) using the criteria (6b). (2 pages) d. Your recommended solution for the problem, based on 6a, 6b, and 6c. Justify your recommendation. 7. Specific MBA/MHA tools, methods, techniques, principles, theories, models, etc. from MBA courses that you used for this case. List specific tools (e.g Risk Management, Do not list general subjects (e.g., finance, leadership). 2-3 sentence explanations * SWOT Analysis, * Community Need Assessment...
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...is successfully performed.2,3 Recrystallization works based on the difference in solubility when the temperature changes. Therefore, picking the solvent to dissolve the compound is a very tricky and important part. For single-solvent recrystallization, which is performed in this experiment, the chosen solvent should not dissolve the sample while cold, so that the crystal can be formed when the temperature drops. However, the solvent should dissolve the sample completely while hot in order to release all the impurity crystals being trapped up in the solid form of the desired compound. Furthermore, the impurities should have higher solubility than the desired compound in that chosen solvent, so that all the impurities would remain in the solution while recrystallization takes place.2,3 In case no single solvent can be found, a system of two solvents can also be used for recrystallization. Generally speaking, in this solvent pair, one of them can completely dissolve the sample while the other one cannot dissolve the sample at all. The primary requirement when making this system is that the two chosen solvents have to be completely miscible, in other words, can mix with each other in all proportions. After this requirement is satisfied, all students need to do is to find out the right proportion for the system.1,2,3...
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...COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES: FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION AND MOLAR MASS: AIM The aim of the experiment is to become familiar with the colligative properties and to use them to determine the molar mass of a substance. THEORY A solution consists primarily of solvent and therefore, most of the solution’s properties reflect the solute’s properties. The physical properties that the solution and solute do not share are known as colligative properties and they depend solely on the solute concentration. Some of these properties include vapor pressure lowering, boiling-point elevation, freezing point lowering, and osmotic pressure. The solvent boils when the vapor pressure, or tendency of solvent molecules to escape, is equivalent to the atmospheric pressure. At this moment, the gaseous and liquid states of the solvent are in dynamic equilibrium and the molecules change from the liquid to the gaseous states and from the gaseous to liquid states at equal rates. The dissolution of a solute with very low vapor pressure, or a nonvolatile solute, raises the boiling point and lowers the freezing point. Similarly, anti-freeze lowers the freezing point and lowers the boiling point. The colligative-property law describes these effects, stating that the "freezing point and boiling point of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts that are directly proportional to the molar concentration of the solute" (Brown, 203-204). The colligative-property law can be expressed using the equation: D T =...
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...Solutions to Grooming Teens for Adulthood Reasoning and Problem Solving CST 1 November 30, 2009 To solve a problem one must often dive beneath the surface of the reflected obvious to reveal the rest of the issue hidden in the depths below. In Task one for this course the question of what is the best way to prepare teen’s for a successful adulthood has been addressed through several viewpoints and approaches. Just as there are multiple approaches in rearing children, there does not appear to be a single solution to the problem. Upon investigation it quickly becomes apparent that various groups can look at the same issue and will ultimately form different solutions that reflect their own skew on the problem. A closer look at example solution’s utilizing life skills through school settings, community resources, and Socratic home environments will demonstrate this concept. As an educator I believe that preparation is gleaned through understanding and understanding is gleaned from education. My solution would involve taking an active approach in educating the future educator by preparing the young to facilitate life skills for themselves and their own children one day. Equipping children with life applications of what they potentially will face as an adult is much like training a soldier for battle. Our county does not expect our military personnel to enlist and not receive training for what they will expect to encounter. Our children should not...
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...i.e. solutions are not clear cut. These cases were real-life situations encountered by corporations. Since solutions were not clear cut, corporations approached accounting firms for guidance. Deloitte, Touche & Tohmatsu used these issues to compile a series of cases to provide students the opportunities to have a “hands-on” experience in how accounting firms go about looking for a solution. To assist students in completing the assignment, sample cases with solutions were posted. Students would need to use FASB Codification database (the same one used by accounting firms). You can access the database through: http://aaahq.org/ascLogin.cfm Userid: AAA52120 Password: 6HxBPpx The main purposes of the cases are: 1. Provide hands-on experience in using FASB Codification to research for accounting solutions. 2. Encourage team effort to examine possible solutions and come to a consensus well supported by accounting rules and pronouncements. There are many solutions to the cases, some better (or more in line with the pronouncements) than others. I look forward to your explorations with untainted young minds to come up with mesmerizing solutions. Any consultation with the instructor could bias your approach. It may even mislead the team to think that the discussion is about “the solution” and therefore negate the second purpose of this assignment. Students should study the sample solutions carefully and use them as guidance in the pursuit of “the solution” to their...
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...“written cases”. These cases are designed to provide the students the opportunity to demonstrate their mastery of all marketing related topics and issues. Each student, individually, is required to prepare a 2 to 3 page single spaced typed solution to the case. The solution should be in the format of an executive memo and be very strategic action oriented. If there are questions at the end of the case, unless otherwise directed, questions should only be used as guidelines. Answering only those questions will not be appropriate. The write-up is to be a “management directive” for the company. It should specifically state what the actions of the company should be to operate within the specific situation. This should not be a recantation of the case. On the case days, students will discuss each of their solutions in a simulated boardroom environment. There is no one set solution to the case. The success in this situation for the student is his or her ability to support their recommendations. Students should provide support as to why they feel their individual solution is appropriate. Students are not to “update” the case. Do not assume the actions taken from the time of the writing of the case by the company are the appropriate solutions/approaches to the case. This can be misleading and create myopia. Each write-up should include the following sections/components: Statement of the problem ▬ The problem should be presented as a single sentence (two at the most). ...
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...form a solution of the solute in the solvent Solubility is defined as the ability of one substance to dissolve within another substance. What Affects Solubility? One of the factors that has a profound impact on solubility is temperature. Temperature, a measure of the available thermal energy, can increase the solubility of solids in liquids. This phenomenon can be observed in the creation of supersaturated solutions, or mixtures that contain far more of the solid dissolved in a liquid than would be possible under room temperature conditions. One application of supersaturated solutions can be seen in the production of rock candy where high-temperature sugar solutions readily form sugar crystals on the surface of objects placed in the solution. For gases that are dissolved in liquids, however, the trend is just the opposite. Cooler temperatures increase the solubility of gases in liquids, and higher temperatures decrease the solubility of gases. An example of the effect of temperature on dissolved gases can be found in the loss of dissolved oxygen in lakes or streams during extremely hot weather, a condition that results in the death of fish. In physical chemistry, saturation is the point at which a solution of a substance can dissolve no more of that substance and additional amounts of it will appear as a separate phase (as a precipitate if solid or as effervescence or inclusion if gaseous). Factors Affecting Saturation · The solubilities of ionic solutions increase...
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...The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate how diffusion and osmosis moves across a dialysis membrane. The sub-purpose was to determine if the sucrose solution, that was in dialysis tubing would leak into the distilled water. The hypothesis states that if a sucrose solution, in dialysis tubing, is placed into a beaker filled with distilled water the net movement of sucrose will be into or out of the dialysis bag. The null hypothesis states that if the sucrose solution in a dialysis bags mass may change after taking it out of the water each time to be weighted between each 15-minute increment 5 different times. After 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes it can be concluded that weighing the sucrose solution in the dialysis bag increased in weight after each increment. Keywords: Diffusion, Osmosis, Dialysis bag, Sucrose solution, Distilled water Introduction...
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...just enough hot solvent to it to completely dissolve it. The flask then contains a hot solution, in which solute molecules - both the desired compound and impurities - move freely among the hot solvent molecules. As the solution cools, the solvent can no longer hold all of the solute molecules, and they begin to leave the solution and form solid crystals. During this cooling, each solute molecule in turn approaches a growing crystal and rests on the crystal surface. If the geometry of the molecule fits that of the crystal, it will be more likely to remain on the crystal than it is to go back into the solution. Therefore, each growing crystal consists of only one type of molecule, the solute. After the solution has come to room temperature, it is carefully set in an ice bath to complete the crystallization process. The chilled solution is then filtered to isolate the pure crystals and the crystals are rinsed with chilled solvent. How To Do a Crystallization : Heat some solvent to boiling (remember to use a boiling chip). Place the solid to be recrystallized in an Erlenmeyer flask. Pour a small amount of the hot solvent into the flask containing the solid. Swirl the flask to dissolve the solid. Place the flask on the steam bath to keep the solution warm. If the solid is still not dissolved, add a tiny amount more solvent and swirl again. When the solid is all in solution, set it on the bench top. Do not disturb it! After a while, crystals should appear in...
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...Recrystallization Par, B., Ramos, S., Reynaldo, H., Roque, P., Servidad, Y., and Soriente, P. 2D-Pharmacy, Group No. 7, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, España Boulevard, 1015 Manila, Philippines Abstract Recrystallization is the primary method of purification used to isolate organic compounds in a supersaturated solution by the difference of solubility at different temperature that results to the separation of the compound from the solution. The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize acetanilide by the acetylation of aniline and to obtain pure acetanilide by purification of the collected crude acetanilide by crystallization. The recrystallizing solvent was chosen among ethanol, water and hexane. The acetanilide was synthesized and formed by acetylation of aniline and acetic anhydride, and it was then cooled to hasten the formation of crystals. After cooling, the mixture was filtered and dried to obtain the crude acetanilide. The crude acetanilide and the chosen recrystallizing solvent was mixed and heated in the water bath until the solid dissolved. The solution was filtered while hot and its filtrate was cooled in an ice bath. The filtrate was then filtered to collect the crystal residue formed. The crystals were washed with distilled water and allowed to dry to obtain the pure acetanilide. The weight of pure acetanilide was measured and the melting point of the pure acetanilide was determined. Based on the results obtained...
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...than one source to analyze system requirements gives a wider perspective of what is needed to make a baseline of requirements for the human resource system. Utilizing the ability to meet with individuals and discuss what could improve the capabilities the end user is tremendous. Discussing possible software with management and other departments with interact with the human resources department on a daily basis can provide insight that a systems analyst can take into consideration when developing the requirements to implement in the system. Reviewing the current system emplace is also a major factor in determining what is need to identify the system requirements for new the human resource system. By identifying the shortcomings which already exist from a technical stand point one can begin to help the systems analyst elaborate on possible solutions for these problems. The other possible option is to layout all the different feasible solutions to implement upgrades and begin to aggressively interrogate each solution; this is a process the military calls war-gaming. This process lays out all the solutions and then begins to put the solution through different scenarios and determines if the solution...
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