...Introduction The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] Conference on the Development of Higher Education in Africa held in 1962 at Tananarive referred to higher education as: all types of education of an institutional nature (academic, professional, technological, teacher education) such as universities, university colleges, liberal arts colleges, technological institutes and teacher training colleges, for which the basic entrance requirement is completion of a full secondary education, of which the usual entrance age is about 18 years, and in which the courses lead to the giving of a named award (degree, diploma, or certificate of higher studies). In the current knowledge-based economy and the globalization phenomenon, tertiary education plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of the nation. It has a key role to play in the creation, dissemination and application of knowledge, production of human capital as well as the development of skills and adaptation of knowledge to meet developmental needs. It also has a role to play in the strengthening of the entire education system and fostering synergies in the entire economy. (Report on the President’s Committee on Review of Education Reforms in Ghana (2002). Obiageli Ezekwesili, World Bank’s Vice-President for Africa, asserted to this fact in her speech citing Ghana specifically. She said: “Universities need to pay more attention to the quality and relevance of higher education...
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...The 10 Biggest Foodborne Illness Outbreaks of 2013 Chicken and fresh produce lead the pack BY JAMES ANDREWS | DECEMBER 27, 2013 Editor’s note: 2013 saw dozens of well-publicized foodborne illness outbreaks. While many of them were found to have sickened a handful of individuals, a few stood out as especially wide in scope. Food Safety News has compiled a list of 10 of the biggest U.S. outbreaks in 2013. Please note that the list excludes Norovirus outbreaks and only includes pathogenic outbreaks associated with grocery products or restaurants. Also note that the actual number of outbreak cases is typically much higher than the quoted number due to many victims typically falling ill but never being reported. 10. E. coli O157:H7 from Glass Onion chicken salads, 33 sick. Trader Joe’s customers in four states fell ill after eating one of two pre-made salad products from Glass Onion Catering: the Field Fresh Chopped Salad with Grilled Chicken or the Mexicali Salad with Chili Lime Chicken. At least seven people were hospitalized, with two developing hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a kidney disease associated with severe E. coli infections. 9. Salmonella from Hacienda Don Villo in Channahon, IL, 35 sick. Health investigators traced 35 Salmonella illnesses back to this Mexican restaurant in Grundy County, but they could never pinpoint the exact food source. At least one person was hospitalized, and one employee was among those who tested positive for Salmonella. 8. E. coli...
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...Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress FEMA’s Mission: Policy Directives for the Federal Emergency Management Agency Summary The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) assists states and localities overwhelmed by, or at risk from, disasters. FEMA also coordinates federal emergency management activities and planning for the continuity of government should national security be threatened. Since 1979 FEMA has administered a range of authorities that enable the agency to serve as the primary source of federal technical and financial assistance for emergency management. Among the types of aid provided through FEMA programs are grants and material to help disaster victims meet pressing needs such as food and shelter, education and training programs to improve the response capabilities of nonfederal officials, and mobile communications equipment. FEMA exercises little regulatory authority, but directives that underlie the agency’s mission authorize the agency to establish standards for reconstruction of buildings after a disaster declaration is issued, for the construction of federal buildings in earthquake-prone areas, and for the operation of first responder equipment. FEMA has responded to, and has helped communities prepare for, terrorist attacks in the United States. The Office of Homeland Security (OHS), established by President Bush subsequent to the attacks in 2001, has a similar, but more encompassing, mission related to disasters caused by terrorist actions. Congressional...
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...Goals, Outcome Statements and Budget Estimates of The Federal Government of Pakistan Compiled by Tariq Husain (thusain@rabt-e-nau.com) for Rabt-e-Nau (www.rabt-e-nau.com) Islamabad Resource Number: GOVERN-R-001 on the Website 31 January 2011 Introduction In June 2010, the Finance Division of the Government of Pakistan presented an innovative budget document, called the Green Book, or the Federal Medium Term Budget Estimates for Service Delivery 2010-13 (http://finance.gov.pk/budget/mtbf_2010_13.pdf). The purpose, as stated in its Preface, “is to provide Parliament and other stakeholders with the clearest possible statement of the services which are to be delivered and the investments to be undertaken through the application of the funds appropriated by Parliament and, equally importantly, the results which are expected to be achieved in terms of the achievement of goals of public sector activity and the benefits expected to accrue to different population groups from the activities of the Federal Government. The publication of the Green Book marks a major step forward in enhancing the transparency of the federal budget.” The Preface highlights the innovative features of the Green Book in the following words: (a) The Green Book uses the 3-year framework for budgetary planning which lies at the heart of the MTBF reforms. Under this process ministries make their plans and prepare budgetary estimates for a rolling 3-year budgetary horizon. (b) The centerpiece of the Green...
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...result of a poor lifestyle. Therefore, developing good eating habits and a regular exercise routine as a young adult, can help carry those good habits into adulthood. One of the easiest ways to develop good habits at a young age is to participate in youth sports. Participation in youth sports results in a healthier adult lifestyle as it gets you used to eating healthy and exercising, forms good daily habits and despite some negative risks, has positive psychological and social benefits that you take into adulthood. Throughout youth sports its encouraged to eat right, hydrate and exercise. Some youth even see a personal trainer to assist with strength and flexibility. Some coaches even require that their team participate in specialized training. Therefore, doing these things either on a daily basis or at least a few times per week will result in forming good habits. “A habit is a practice that you engage in on a regular basis” (Clarke; livestrong.com). Developing healthy habits lays the foundation for routine and also has a big impact on emotional fitness. It allows for good mental health and a restful sleep, which helps avoid depression (Clarke; livestrong.com) I, myself have witnessed this first hand. My daughter Elyse is thirteen and has been playing traveling softball since the age of eight. As she has gotten older she has fallen in love with the sport. Currently her goal is to play softball at the collegiate level. One of her major areas of focus is her health. She has...
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...Chapter Summary GEORGE W. BUSH'S WAR PRESIDENCY George W. Bush's presidency had an inauspicious beginning. He took office following a disputed election, where he won by a razor-thin margin in the Electoral College only after Supreme Court intervention; and even lost the popular vote to Al Gore, becoming the first President since 1889 to assume the presidency under such circumstances. He appeared to have no mandate to govern, and faced a divided Congress and nation with weak legitimacy. To make matters worse, early administration actions on environmental and social issues were controversial, his bumbling style as a speaker became the target for jokes, the Senate switched hands to the Democrats when moderate Republican Sen. James Jeffords quit his party, the economy slipped into recession, and Bush's popularity began to fall. All this changed dramatically after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the U.S.A. With great skill and determination, Bush rallied the nation together, taking swift action against perceived terrorist threats, building an international coalition against terrorism, and taking the war to the perpetrators of the acts in Afghanistan. His job approval ratings soared to record levels, and he gained new respect from leaders and the public. The opening vignette thus illustrates how external events influence the presidential office. Especially during times of war and national crisis, the natural capacities of the institution are enhanced, as the...
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...Bally Total Fitness Marketing AuditBally Total Fitness is the largest, and only nationwide, commercial operator of fitness centers. Bally's has approximately four million members and 420 facilities across the United States and around the globe. (ballyfitness.com, 2004) A marketing audit was performed on the company in order to assess their total marketing program to see what was and was not working to increase business. The following will summarize key findings of environmental aspects and marketing. Finally, any recommended actions that may be considered for future planning will be discussed. The environmental aspects that were considered for the Bally Total Fitness audit were demographics, markets and competition. Demographic trends have shown that the older segments of the United States (ages 45-65+) are growing the fastest. Bally Total Fitness would be wise to consider marketing towards this age group as their needs change. An estimated 50 million people will be members to a fitness center in just six years, the year 2010. This is due to an increased desire towards healthy living. The general population is becoming more aware of the benefits of exercise to promote health and wellness. The Markets part of the audit shows that there is three major trends that health clubs should be attentive of. These major trends are insurance paid weight-loss, a global battle against obesity and an end to low-carb confusion. Health clubs are part of the solution and should promote...
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...Exam 1. Based upon Remarks by the President in his Address to the Nation on the Way Forward in Afghanistan and Pakistan, what vital national interest does he see at stake in Afghanistan and how does our involvement support that interest? President Obama see’s the “security of the United States and the safety of the American people at stake in Afghanistan” (Obama 5). “It is in our vital national interest to send an additional 30,000 US troops to Afghanistan” (Obama, 4). Despite having scattered and eliminated many al Qaeda insurgents, as well as, driving the Taliban from power, al Qaeda has retained their pockets of safe havens along the Afghanistan border. Additional troops in Afghanistan will allow us to meet the President’s goal to “disrupt, dismantle, and defeat al Qaeda in Afghanistan...and to prevent its capacity to threaten America and our allies in the future” (Obama 5). The rapid deployment of troops is needed that we can “target insurgency and secure key population centers...increase our ability to train competent Afghan security forces, and to partner with them so that more Afghans can get into the fight...and help create the conditions for the United States to transfer responsibility to the Afghans” (Obama 5). Because what is at stake is “the security of our allies, and the common security of the world” (Obama 5). 2. Why and how does the 2008 National Defense Strategy counterbalance the armed forces’ past tendency to focus on conventional threats and conflicts...
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...controversy and consensus, the War on Poverty defined a new era for American liberalism and added new layers to the American welfare state. Legislatively, the first two years were the most active. Between President Lyndon Johnson’s State of the Union address in 1964 and the liberal setbacks suffered in the congressional elections of 1966, the Johnson administration pushed through an unprecedented amount of antipoverty legislation. The Economic Opportunity Act (1964) provided the basis for the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO), the Job Corps, Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA), Upward Bound, Head Start, Legal Services, the Neighborhood Youth Corps, the Community Action Program (CAP), the college Work-Study program, Neighborhood Development Centers, small business loan programs, rural programs, migrant worker programs, remedial education projects, local health care centers, and others. The antipoverty effort, however, did not stop there. It encompassed a range of Great Society legislation far broader than the Economic Opportunity Act alone. Other important measures with antipoverty functions included an $11 billion tax cut (Revenue Act of 1964), the Civil Rights Act (1964), the Food Stamp Act (1964), the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965), the Higher Education Act (1965), the Social Security amendments creating 2 Medicare/Medicaid (1965), the...
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...IBM International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is a multinational computer technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. Operating through five segments: Global Technology Services, Global Business Services, Systems and Technology Group, Software, and Global Financing, IBM is the world's largest computer company and systems integrator. After selling its PC company division to Lenovo in 2005, IBM concentrated its business operations on providing infrastructure, hosting and consulting services. The company employs over 399,400 employees worldwide and serves clients in 170 countries. In 2009, IBM had annual revenues of USD 95.8 billion. Hiring and retention IBM includes a non‐discrimination statement that references disability in a number of its company policies, such as its Workforce Diversity Policy, Global Employment Standards Policy, Diverse Business Relationships Policy, and Supplier Conduct Principles. For example, IBM's Global Employment Standards states that “IBM will not discriminate in hiring, promotion, compensation of employees and employment practices on grounds of race, color, religion, age, nationality, social or ethnic origin, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity or expression, marital status, pregnancy, political affiliation, disability or veteran status”. Furthermore, in its workforce diversity policy, IBM emphasizes that the company will make workplace accommodations in order to ensure effective...
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...and we do it more than 3,200 times a day. To illustrate our steadfast focus on a triple bottom line—our Performance, our People, and our Planet—we have highlighted these three elements of sustainability in a new format, our first annual One Report. This comprehensive document combines a report on our 2009 financial performance and updated content from our 2008 Southwest Cares report—our corporate responsibility and environmental report—while elevating our triple bottom line through adherence to the Global Reporting Initiative, an internationally recognized standard for sustainability reporting. The case "Southwest Airlines' Organizational Culture" gives an account of the development of the organizational culture of Southwest Airlines. The case starts with the background of Southwest and its development over the years. The case explains the unique culture of Southwest, and how it has helped Southwest to face...
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...the criminal justice system. The largest educational wing of YMI is the Expanded Success Initiative (ESI), specifically designed to focus on increasing the college and career readiness of Black and Hispanic males in NYC. Expanded Success Initiative works in 40 New York City high schools to provide a range of supports and services related to academics, youth development, and school culture. Over 11,000 black and Hispanic men are currently enrolled in the program, 80 percent of whom are also eligible for free lunch. ESI schools receive financial resources professional development, especially around culturally relevant pedagogy, and support in implementing their ESI programs. It would be both operationally and politically feasible to continue to expand and financially support the work of both YMI as well as ESI. Currently, the NYC Young Men's Initiative is supported with an annual $22.5 million City tax levy and by a $60 million investment from Bloomberg Philanthropies and Open Society Foundation's Campaign for Black Male Achievement. Moreover, in September 2014 Mayor Bill De Blasio announced that he accepted the President's My Brother's Keeper (MBK) Community Challenge. The funding and political support for this program indicates that it is viable financially and has strong political support. 2. Improving school climate Suspensions and expulsions in high school are overly punitive disciplinary measures that contribute to the failure of NYC to serve its most struggling students...
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...by : James kouzes and Barry Posner Title: I selected this book for review simply because of its title. The book’s title enticed me to further investigate , what is The leadership challenge is all about? After reading this book, I was amazed with the astounding findings and the wealth of knowledge I have learned and gained on the subject of leadership. Author and book: The Leadership Challenge, Fifth edition released in 2012 and written by James M. Kouses and Barry X Posner. This book has sold more than 2 million copies in over 22 languages since its first publication was in 1987.This book has been named one of The Top 100 Business Books of All Time, book-of-the-year by the American Council of Health Care Executives, received the Critic's Choice Award , the 2013 Wall Street Journal bestseller list, the Amazon editor’s pick in 2007, the winner of the 1995- 1996 Critics’ Choice Award, it is named one of the 100 best business books of all time by -800-CEO-READ and it was selected by Fast Company as one of the Best Business books of the year. James and Barry have coauthored many bestselling leadership books including A Leader’s Legacy, Encouraging the Heart, The Truth About Leadership, and Credibility. They are also the developers of The Leadership Practices Inventory--the bestselling off- the-shelf leadership assessment in the world. Jim is Dean’s Executive Fellow of Leadership, Leavey School...
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...Fallbrook Neighborhood Association News April 2005 THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE W Board of Directors PRESIDENT Don Somers: 686-2243 TREASURER Jim Hesterwerth: 686-4887 SECRETARY Angee Wangsgard: 686-2740 NEWSLETTER Sal Lascola: 685-5780 CITY LIAISON Don Somers: 686-2243 BOARD MEMBERS Denise Brasher: 685-9038 Sue Robinson: 714-0449 Juanita Tyeskey: 686-1105 CONTACT US AT: Fallbrook Neighborhood Association P. O. Box 2093 Elk Grove, CA 95759-2093 ow, it has certainly been a busy couple of months! I want to thank all of you for your support in our effort to make changes to the Bond Road 40 development. Although we were not able to get all our requests accepted, we did make some headway and some of our concerns are being met. I am proud of our neighborhood and the pride we take in keeping our development a desirable place to live. I wish to thank the FNA Land Use Committee for the many hours they put into reviewing this project. Also, I want to thank those residents who came to our meetings, gave their input and supported us at the Elk Grove Planning Commission meeting on Thursday, March 10th. Because of our large numbers, (more than 50) we even warranted a write-up in The Elk Grove Citizen commenting on our unity and our ability to convince council members that Meritage Homes needed to go back to the drawing board to address our primary concerns. That in itself is quite an accomplishment, so thank you again for proving that standing ...
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...In the beginning Nigeria was controlled and influenced by the British through the 19th century; Nigeria finally earned its independence in 1960. Nigeria is the largest most populated country in Africa. After 16 years of military rule Nigeria’s independence came in 1960. Today Nigeria is by far Africa’s leader in economic power. Nigeria earned its independence from Great Britain on the first of October 1960. The constitution of Nigeria was not written until the May 5, 1999 and it was not effective until May 29th, 1999. Nigeria has a Federal Republic government system. Nigeria has mixed legal system made up of English common law and Islamic in 12 northern states and Traditional law. Nigeria’s Administrative divisions are broken up in 36 states and 1 territory. Nigeria has a bicameral legislative branch consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Senate has 109 seats each member holding the seat for four years, and the House of Representatives have 360 seats with each member also hold the seats for four years. Nigeria has the world’s eighth largest population; according to ww.cia.gov Nigeria has approximately 174,507,539 as of July 2013. Nigeria is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups. The most prevalent being Hausa and Fulani making up 29% of the population, followed closely behind by Yoruba 21%. Muslim is by far the most popular Religious choice; Christianity is a close second. Nigeria has an average life expectancy of 52 years; this is boosted mostly by...
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