...Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary levels of Health Promotion in Nursing Practice Cristian Zambrana Grand Canyon University: Family Centered health promotion July 4, 2014 Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary levels of Health Promotion in Nursing Practice Health promotion is the sustained process of improving the health levels in society (O’Donnell, 2009). The definition of health promotion was established by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the organization’s Ottawa Charter. The charter was signed in 1986. The original definition was slightly altered in 2005 at the WHO’s Bangkok Health Summit to include the ability of one to increase the knowledge and control of their health. The designation of health promotion has been adopted although individual countries have been awarded the privilege to decide on how best to implement health promotion. The WHO designed three health models that have influenced the growth of health promotion. The first was the biomedical model of health that focuses on the behaviors and lifestyle of an individual. The biomedical model does not treat individuals based on their environment. The second is the social model that takes into account society’s collective behavior to create a common universal health promotion plan. The third is the ecological model, which takes into account the relationship between the individual and their surrounding environment (VicHealth, 2013). The different environmental systems that...
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...Assessment of the child: Functional Health Pattern Analysis Worksheet Cristian Zambrana Grand Canyon University: NRS-434V August 8, 2014 Children’s Functional Health Pattern Assessment Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP) | Toddler Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | Preschool-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Initiative vs. Guilt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | School-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Industry vs. Inferiority. (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management: List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group. List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. | When a toddler feels bad they say they are sick. Health management is dependent on caregivers. Brushing teeth and washing hands are basic health promotional activities that a toddler can perform at direction of parent. | Preschoolers can verbalize pain. Preschoolers are curious about body their own bodies and its functions Preschoolers have an accurate perception of the external parts of their own bodies. Preschoolers view the internal part of body as hollow. | School-age children are aware of how their own body functions and when it is ailing School-aged children have an abstract understanding of the definition of health and factors causing illness and recognize...
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...Nursing Practice and the Three Levels of Prevention in Health Promotion Sarah Hughes July 14, 2013 Nursing Practice and the Three Levels of Prevention in Health Promotion In nursing practice there are three levels of prevention in health promotion- primary, secondary, and tertiary. Prevention consists of not only preventing diseases and other ailments, but curing them and limiting their progression. Primary prevention consists of health promotion and specific protection. Secondary prevention consists of early diagnosis, timely treatment, and limiting disability. Tertiary prevention consists of restoration and rehabilitation (Edelman & Mandle, 2010, p. 14). These three levels of prevention don’t necessarily flow from one into the next but do have a tendency to overlap. In three recent journal articles in nursing practice, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention in health promotion are discussed. The primary prevention article discusses how effective motivational interviewing can be in health promotion. It mentions that motivational interviewing can help people understand their lifestyle problems and help them make the necessary changes in their lifestyle to see a positive outcome, which is having a healthy life. It also mentions that it takes a bit of work from the nurse to be able to master this skill and become effective at it. The secondary prevention article discusses secondary prevention of diabetes among health promoters. It discusses how health...
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...Health Promotion in the nursing practice encourages individuals to take precautionary measures to prevent the onset or waning of an illness or disease and to adopt healthier lifestyles. Health promotion and disease prevention in nursing is now becoming the forefront of the nursing practice. Historically, nurse educators have taught patients how to manage their illnesses, but today, the focus is growing towards teaching people how to remain healthy. As more people develop awareness of activities that lead to good health and as more individuals become aware of their own health status and that of their families, the overall health of the population will improve. Hospitals and nursing associations throughout the nation are adapting the concept of health promotion and disease prevention as a key factor in the future health of the population. The World Health Organization (2014), defines Health Promotion as “the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health”. Health promotion and disease prevention involves methods of care that are classified into three categories: primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention. As nurses are advancing their careers to public health nursing (PHN) advanced practice nursing (APN), and are taking on leadership roles, nurses now more than ever, play a vital part in educating the public on all three levels of disease prevention. There are three articles of choice that will further explain how evolution...
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...A Review of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Health Promotion Alena Bray Grand Canyon University: NRS 429V February 10, 2013 A Review of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Health Promotion This paper is a review of the Primary, Secondary and Tertiary levels of health promotion. Three published journal articles were chosen as references-each depicting a situation in the varied levels of care. The levels of health promotion in nursing will be discussed and any differences therein. Also discussed will be the evolution of nursing roles and responsibilities. Health Promotion Defined In order to begin, the three levels of health promotion will be defined. The first level- Primary Prevention, are ‘methods to avoid the occurrence of disease’ (Wikipedia 2013). Primary care is what one would seek when an acute issue has occurred; for example, the development of flu symptoms, an infection or a broken bone. Primary care is also concerned with preventive medicine such as pediatric well baby visits. Secondary Prevention is ‘a method to diagnose and treat existent disease in early stages before it causes significant morbidity’ (Wikipedia 2013). Typically a primary care provider will refer the patient to a secondary care specialist; for example, an oncologist who is a doctor that specializes in cancer. The third level- Tertiary Prevention, are ‘methods to reduce negative impact of existent disease by restoring function and reducing disease-related complications’ (Wikipedia...
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...Health Promotion Pamela McFall Grand Canyon University: Family-Centered Health Promotion November 10, 2013 Health promotion as stated by Chambers & Thompson (2008, pg. 131), “Within the health promotion movement, empowerment has come to focus on promoting equality in health and public participation in decisions affecting health. Empowerment has come to mean a process by which: individual people are encouraged to assert their own autonomy and self-esteem sufficiently to be able to identify their own health agendas, rather than being told what to do”. Adults with the disease or the risk factors can prevent and manage both the disease processes. Health promotion within the primary, secondary and tertiary levels, patients can participate actively to help arrest the disease process and increase their chances of maintaining the levels of health for which they have achieved. Approximately five million people in the United States have Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and it is the cause of about 300,000 deaths per year (American Heart Association, 2013). The American Heart Association estimates that 78 million American adults have hypertension, a leading cause of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Leading the way to CHF and CAD is poor dietary habits, a sedentary lifestyle, and family history. Prevention starts in childhood but is not limited to children. Thus, the purpose of health promotion in our nursing practices is to enhance the patient’s potential to competent...
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...Health Promotion Literature Review Rebecca Turner Grand Canyon University: NRS-429V October 28, 2012 Health Promotion Literature Review Health promotion is a well-known term in nursing, with authors arguing that health promotion is central to the philosophy of nursing (Irvine, 2007). After studying three selected articles regarding the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of health promotion, a similar theme referring to the role of the nurse to develop a more holistic understanding of health promotion in all stages of life and refreshing the concept of health promotion in order to advocate for the changing world’s environment, was apparent. Traditional health promotion preventions are defined by preventing disease, restoring health, and containing illness (Irvine, 2007). Today, health promotion is defined not just by focusing on health education, lifestyle and behavioral changes, but has undertaken a new paradigm, empowering clients by taking political and social action to promote health enhancing environments (Irvine, 2007). Nurse practice involves all stages of the lifespan in a variety of settings, ranging from the family home to communities (Whitehead, 2011). In these settings, nurse health promotion practice proposes developing personal skills, building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action and reorienting health services (Roden & Jarvis, 2012). Nurse roles and responsibilities are evolving by...
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...Level of Health Promotion Nursing is the key in promoting health and preventing disease/illness and disability. There are three levels of prevention phase for any disease process. Prevention consists of not only preventing diseases and other ailments, but curing them and limiting their progression Pimary Prevention phase addresses the importance of lessening the risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity and stress in order to prevent diabetes. Secondary Prevention phase intervene to slow the complications and the diabetic disease process. Tertiary Prevention is used to prevent the further complications of the diabetes and disease process after secondary prevention. This nurse will look at three journal articles related to diabetes and discuss the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention in health promotion The primary prevention article discusses about the education on Self-care. The aim of self-care concept is to maintain and improve health and is to enable the individual to take all responsibilities regarding his or her own health. Research on Type 2 diabetes shows that self-care activity such as healthy diet and exercise. Avoiding alcohol use and smoking and reducing consumption of soft drinks can also lessen and prevent diabetes. The secondary prevention article discusses prevention of diabetes among adolescent in middle school. The author emphasizes the nutrition component in order to improve the quality of foods and beverages served to students. Dietary...
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...Health Promotion is the provision of information and/or education to individuals, families, and communities that-encourage family unity, community commitment, and traditional spirituality that make positive contributions to their health status. Health Promotion is also the promotion of healthy ideas and concepts to motivate individuals to adopt healthy behaviors. According to the World Health Organization, Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. Health promotion represents a comprehensive social and political process, it not only embraces actions directed at strengthening the skills and capabilities of individuals, but also action directed towards changing social, environmental and economic conditions so as to alleviate their impact on public and individual health. Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health. Participation is essential to sustain health promotion action. The Ottawa Charter identifies three basic strategies for health promotion. These are advocacy for health to create the essential conditions for health indicated above; enabling all people to achieve their full health potential; and mediating between the different interests in society in the pursuit of health. These strategies are supported by five priority action areas as outlined in the Ottawa Charter for health promotion: * Build healthy public...
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...Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION IN NURSING PRACTICE Health Promotion in Nursing Practice Student Name University Name Date In the past health was defined as simply the absence of any illness of disease. There was never any thought about what might be happening to a person under the surface. Later the definition of health was changed to include not just the absence of disease but also a person’s mental well-being. Health promotion is the attempt to bring about improvements in a single person’s health status or even an entire community’s health status (Tabers, 2005). Health promotion in nursing practice is brought about through the actions which help people to maintain their health. No longer do nurses simply hand out information. Instead nurses actually promote change in their patients. The patients that nurses teach may not be receptive to the change, but with the nurses encouragement the patient gains knowledge which eventually brings about better health. The nurse is present throughout each stage of acceptance continuing to guide and educate when a patient reverts back to old behavior (Edelman, 2009). The nurse’s roles and responsibilities are evolving in health promotion because society is evolving. The care of patients has become much more prevalent within communities instead of just in hospitals. People also receive care in their homes much more often now than in the past where all care took place in a hospital. Nurses use evidence-based...
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...solutions to the health problems of the people. Though, “prevention is better than cure”. To prevent disease in the healthcare needs a wide range of consistent programs, actions and activities. Recognizing the health problems and evolving healthy life style is vital for people in our era and platform. Furthermore, the global economy is straining by increasing healthcare expenses. Thus, health promotion is the only way to reduce health incidence (occurrence of new cases) of definite diseases such as obesity, autism, heart disease, diabetes, lung cancer and many more. Some are focused efforts of public health professionals and agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) office of Disease Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the American Cancer Society, (Prevention of Disease (2011, ¶ 1 to 3). The effectiveness of global and local disease prevention programs depend mostly on individuals on how they take their personal responsibilities by avoiding tobacco use, substance abuse, and unsafe sex. All health problems start as a small issues than and develops into major illnesses. Many of these problems/ illnesses/ diseases can be prevented with adequate education at individual, institutional and community levels, (Prevention of Disease (2011, ¶ 1 to 3). Nurses play a major role in promoting health education to decrease the cost of health care and to advance disease prevention. Well-defined three levels of prevention such as; primary, secondary, and tertiary...
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...Health Promotion: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary levels According to The World Health Organization (WHO), “Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.” (WHO, 2014). Nurses are continuing to assist patients in enhancing and changing their life styles, while at the same time striving to provide optimal health on a holistic level. This essay will review three recent journal articles from professional nursing organizations on how the roles of nurses has evolved in regards to health promotion, specific ways that nurses implement methods of health promotion, as well as the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of health promotion prevention. Promoting health in Nursing Health can be considered as physical, spiritual, mental, and social functioning of human beings (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). Cultural and religious beliefs can also influence health promotion, as well as environmental factors that may pose risks for individuals who are unaware. The purpose of health promotion in nursing practice lies in the fact that nurses are on the front line of educating, implementing, and enforcing health promotion in all aspects of life to their patient’s. As the health care system continues to evolve and change, so does the role of nurses and all interdisciplinary staff that are directly involved in patient...
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...Health promotion in Nursing Care Grand Canyon University NRS 429v April 29th 2012 Health promotion in Nursing Care Health is a condition of a sound mind, body and spirit. It is a state of physical, emotional and social well being, not just absence of disease (April 26th 2012). In this paper, the subject of health promotion will be defined , the purpose of health promotion, the nurses role in the responsibility and implementation of health promotion, and the 3 levels of preventive care which include, primary, secondary and tertiary. Health is not just without disease, but is the prevention, intervention and rehabilitation to live a quality life. Health promotion is a process of enabling people to have more control over their health by changing their life style to move toward optimal health (Edelman, Mandle, 2010). It not only focuses on the person as an individual and their behaviors, but also on the persons social and environmental determinates. Promotion of health is educating people so that they can change their lifestyle in order to have and maintain optimal health. It also includes enhancement of the person’s private and public support, of health practices. Heath promotion is not only about prevention of disease, but being proactive with being healthy (Edelman, Mandle, 2010). The nursing profession has a large role...
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...Running head: Health Promotion Health Promotion Sandra Hendrickson Grand Canyon University Professional Dynamics NRS 429V Nichelle Bogan October 11, 2009 Competencies of ASN Versus BSN Introduction: Health Promotion is defined in the in the American Journal of Health Promotion (AJHP) as the art and science that helps people discover their core passions and optimal health. Supporting them in their lifestyle changes that move them toward a state of optimal health. The optimal health being the balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual health. (AJHP Sept/Oct 2009) Purpose: The purpose of health promotion in nursing is increase the knowledge of not only our patients but of the general public in prevention of diseases and increase in awareness of optimal health. The emergence of the computer age allows for more access to knowledge. The resources are endless. It is the job of the nurse to be as much up-to-date as possible. The General Theory implies that health nursing General Systems Theory supports community health nursing practices and primary prevention interventions. "General Systems Theory states that a change in any one part of the health care system, no matter how small, will create a change of some degree in the total system. This theory also stresses the importance of reciprocal feedback within the system and outside the system" (Harris, 2007, para. 5). This is similar concept to the movie “Pay it Forward. “ We...
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...Three Levels of Health Promotion Grand Canyon University: NRS-429V July 13, 2014 A process that will enable people to improve and have control over their health is called health promotion. For social and environmental interventions as our focus we will need to move beyond individual behavior. It seeks development of individual measures and communities to enhance well being by changing their lifestyles. Promoting public health is an important role for the nurse by changing their behavior and prevents disease. Nurse’s roles include clinical consultations, patient education, prevention and follow up treatment of their illness. This will improve the availability of services in health care and reduce the symptoms of chronic diseases with an increase in cost effectiveness. Outcomes of their knowledge of illness will be self managed for a better quality of life and adherence are positive outcomes by nurses in health promotion. The individual perspective exhibits a holistic approach in health promotion with concentration or ways for patients and their families to make their own health discussions. Health promotion strategies provide health education by giving the information to the patient. The second concept of health promotion is related to partnership of the nurse and patient communication, groups and community participation. The third concept of health promotion was health and social policy where nurses were unfamiliar with these documents so they...
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