...Abstract The last two years have witnessed the introduction and rapid expansion of products based upon large, systematically-gathered, street-level image collections, such as Google Street View, EveryScape, and Mapjack. In the process of gathering images of public spaces, these projects also capture license plates, faces, and other information considered sensitive from a privacy standpoint. In this work, we present a system that addresses the challenge of automatically detecting and blurring faces and license plates for the purpose of privacy protection in Google Street View. Though some in the field would claim face detection is “solved”, we show that state-of-the-art face detectors alone are not sufficient to achieve the recall desired for large-scale privacy protection. In this paper we present a system that combines a standard sliding-window detector tuned for a high recall, low-precision operating point with a fast post-processing stage that is able to remove additional false positives by incorporating domain-specific information not available to the sliding-window detector. Using a completely automatic system, we are able to sufficiently blur more than 89% of faces and 94 96% of license plates in evaluation sets sampled from Google Street View imagery. 1. Introduction In the last two years, there has been a rapid expansion of systematically-gathered street-level imagery available on the web. The largest and probably most well-known collection ...
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...like it when their work is stolen and distributed to others free of charge. The Video Privacy Protection Act of 1988 (VPPA) was enacted to protect a person privacy, the act was brought up after supreme court nominee Robert Bork’s video rental records were released to the public ("Video Privacy Protection Act Of 1988 (vppa)", 2002-2006). VPPA now helps protect people’s personal information by limiting its release only to the consumer him- or herself; to any other person, with the written consent of the consumer; to any other person, if the disclosure is simply of names and addresses, and the consumer has been provided with an opportunity to opt-out; and the disclosure does not identify title, description or subject matter (though subject matter may be disclosed if "for the exclusive use of marketing goods and services to the consumer"); to any other person, if in the ordinary course of business; to a law enforcement agency, pursuant to a federal or state warrant, a grand jury subpoena, or a court order, provided that the consumer is provided with prior notice, and there is a showing of probable cause to believe that the records are relevant to a legitimate law enforcement enquiry; or pursuant to a court order in a civil proceeding, upon showing of a compelling need, provided the consumer is given reasonable notice; and afforded the opportunity to contest the request ("Video Privacy Protection Act Of 1988 (vppa)", 2002-2006). The No Electronic Theft Act was created in 1997 to...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer...
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...Running Head: THE EXISTENCE OF PRIVACY WITH TECHNOLOGY THE EXISTENCE OF PRIVACY WITH TECHNOLOGY Obediah Howard Bellevue University THE EXISTENCE OF PRIVACY WITH TECHNOLOGY Abstract This research paper will discuss the relationship between privacy and technology. It will attempt to ascertain if technology and privacy can share the same plane of existence. Benefits and deficiencies of a particular technology are not hereditary to that technology, but are depend on their application. The public insists on accountability of technological innovation and assurance that privacy will remain intact. Striking a balance between enabling technology to enrich lives and restricting it from invading privacy has to be addressed. Implementing controls to protect private data is imperative. Technological advances over the years have challenged the public’s perception and expectation of privacy. Technology and one of its preeminent by-products, convenience, will continue to grow exponentially for the foreseeable future; there is no evidence to suggest otherwise. Privacy finds itself in a precarious position in the face of evolving technology. The collective concept of privacy has to be revisited. With the advent of technological innovations and the accessibilities they bring, privacy in its purest form does not exist. From an anthropological perspective, privacy is a relatively modern development. Ancient cultures practiced communal...
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...think workplace privacy laws and policies about monitoring emails, phone calls, and computer use should be in place within a company. The employer should be sympathetic and open to potential disagreements and questions which the employees may have about the reasons behind the workplace communication privacy laws and policies, including the protection of both the employer and the employees, the regulating state and federals legislations, the compliance expectations, and the potential consequences of non-compliance (Wakefield, 2006). When a company monitors its employees without employees being aware of it, it can bring down company moral and overall productivity. When the employees are aware from the start of employment that they will be monitored and communication privacy laws and policies are in their code of conduct the employees and the company can benefit from the program. The workplace communication laws and policies are viewed as ethical practice to protect the employee and the employer. Company use these laws and policies to monitor misuse of company transmissions such as: emails, internet use, telephones, and computers. Employees in turn need protection from employers who get in the way of employee privacy. Without the use of communication privacy laws and policies, employee may not be aware of what is acceptable use of company equipment. References Axia College of University of Phoenix. (2010). E-Monitoring in the workplace: privacy, legislation...
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...Ethical and Legal Issues Concerning At-will Employment Jasmine Mills Park University Abstract As years pass by, every sphere of life is taking a new dimension; for instance, advancing technology. This has resulted in some ethical issues in workplaces such as cyberloafing, privacy, information technology usage, employee monitoring. Also, legal issues in workplaces such as lawsuits have emerged. Both employers and employees are worried about the ethical consequences resulting from the ethical issues While bosses use surveillance devices to keep track of their workers' activities and output, these workers feel that excessive monitoring is an attack on their confidentiality and privacy. The strategy of checking workers on a timely basis is contributed by the fact that bosses have rights over everything in the “at-will employment environment.” Additionally, this paper provides a proposal for reducing the ethical and legal issues. The paper also encourages organizations to generate and efficiently communicate ethical standards for workers in their companies. It also includes real examples of workers' perceptions as well as an emotional state from the surveys based on ethical and legal issues raised regarding the topic of study. Keywords: At-will employment, employee monitoring, Ethical and legal issues. Introduction At- will means employment can be terminated at any time, for any reason or no reason without facing legal action. Likewise, an employee can quit a job with or...
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...2013/14 Survey Social Media in the Workplace Around the World 3.0 Proskauer Rose LLP | Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome | Attorney Advertising About Our Survey We are proud to present Proskauer’s third annual global survey about social media use in the workplace. As in previous years, in addition to our survey results, in collaboration with select law firms across the world, we have included a brief summary of the law from around the world, including significant recent developments. Please note that the information provided in this survey is not intended to be, and shall not be construed to be, the provision of legal advice or an offer to provide legal services, nor does it necessarily reflect the opinions of the firm, our lawyers or our clients. No client-lawyer relationship between you and the firm is or may be created by your access to or use of this survey or any information contained in it. Proskauer Rose LLP (Proskauer) is not obligated to provide updates on the information presented herein. © Proskauer Rose LLP. All Rights Reserved. Social Media in the Workplace Around the World 3.0 When we published our first survey in 2011, there was a sense of novelty and even mystery about social media usage in the workplace. There was a strong perception that social media and business did not mix. The art of harnessing social media for business lacked the sophistication and prominence that it now has. Today, business use of social media is mainstream. This shift from...
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...Distinguish between information privacy and electronic privacy Information privacy is the security of individual data and normally identifies with individual information put away on PC frameworks. The need to keep up data protection is material to gathered individual data, for example, restorative records, monetary information, criminal records, political records, business related data or site information. Information privacy is viewed as a vital part of data imparting. With the progression of the advanced age, individual data vulnerabilities have expanded. Information privacy may be connected from various perspectives, including encryption, confirmation and information veiling very endeavoring to guarantee that data is accessible just to those with approved access. These defensive measures are intended for avoiding information mining and the unapproved utilization of individual data, which are illicit in numerous parts of the world. Information security, additionally called data protection, is the part of data innovation (IT) that arrangements with the capacity an association or individual needs to figure out what information in a PC framework can be imparted to outsiders. In the United States, enactment concerning information security has been sanctioned in a sectorial way, which implies that every law or consistence regulation has been made in light of the needs of a specific industry or segment of the populace. Electronic privacy is a dubious idea climbing...
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...The article authored by Hall and McGraw raises the privacy and security concerns associated with telehealth. The authors point out that these risks can affect the level of trust as well as the relationship between the clinicians and the patients. Hall and McGraw identify the inability to control collection and sharing of data can result in the transmission of private details that expose the identity of the patients to unintended persons. They note that hackers have increased and can hack the telehealth systems and result in a security breach and identity theft. According to the article, the current privacy regulations are not reliable to guarantee the patients the security of their shared data. Such security breach has deleterious effects on...
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...Privacy in the 21st Century Eng 122 Mrs. Samaniego 10 June, 2013 In today’s society cameras are watching every step you take and every move you make. How do you feel about that? Someone is watching you, whether it is the surveillance cameras at a gas station or it’s the security guard in a shopping mall. Does this make you feel uncomfortable? You post something on Facebook and decide to delete it 5 minutes later, but did you know that it will always be on the internet although you deleted it? You may not see it but others will. In today’s society, personal privacy rarely exists. There are certain devices and tools that people use when trying to invade someone’s privacy including hidden cameras and satellites. Privacy no longer exists due to all of the new technologies and programs enabling the invasion of someone’s privacy. What is privacy? Do people today really understand what privacy is? Have they had the opportunity to experience privacy? The definition of privacy is “allowing an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal them selectively.” When something is private it is usually something personal or valuable to someone. Everyone likes privacy but...
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... TITLE OF THE PAPER: CYBER SPACE MASS SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS,INFRINGEMENT OF PRIVACY OF INDIVIDUALS, BY STATE IN THE NAME OF NATIONAL SECURITY. ABSTRACT: In this present era of cyber revolution and globalization, citizens have turned into “Netizens”. The advancements in the field of technology is also accompanied with the development of various methods of surveillance and intervention by the State into individuals’ private information. Governments are keeping an eagle eye by monitoring individual's movements, businesses transactions and also the means of communication, which includes cyberspace. It is alleged that the United States of America’s National Security Agency runs a program known as PRISM, which enables the US government to gain access to e- mails , conversations, pictures, voice calls and even sign in details of people using websites and applications associated with 1|Page Facebook, Yahoo, Microsoft, to name a few. Failure of cyber law mechanisms and national authorities to advance legislation and frameworks along with the technological developments and the increasing trends on States’ surveillance practices has created an environment in which citizen’s right to privacy is easily violated, leading to human rights violations also and lack of accountability, which raises questions on the legitimacy of such act of state. This research paper will mainly be focusing on this issue of privacy...
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...The status of privacy in Bulgaria Privacy is of great importance for every individual and for every nation in general. Being able to protect your personal data is a human right that should not be disregarded. In many countries the theft of private information and the public exposure of personal data are considered crimes and might have fatal consequences. There are many laws that protect the private data of the citizens of Bulgaria, such as: Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria (adopted on 13 July 1991), Convention for the Protection of Human rights and Fundamental freedoms (ratified on 31 July 1992),Personal Data Protection Act (came into force on 1st January 2002),Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regards to Automatic Processing of Personal Data (ETS No.108, ratified on 7 June 2002). The Constitution of the republic of Bulgaria is the most important law. According to Article 32: “(1) The privacy of citizens shall be inviolable. Everyone shall be entitled to protection against any illegal interference in his private or family affairs and against encroachments on his honor, dignity and reputation.(2) No one shall be followed, photographed, filmed, recorded or subjected to any other similar activity without his knowledge or despite his express disapproval, except when such actions are permitted by law.” The Constitution addresses directly the media. The other important document that protects personal information is the Personal Data Protection Act. It “…regulates...
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...Expert Systems Dr. Ashraf Shirani Literature Review for Group 1 Group Members: Leslie Allen Joe Nimely Oluranti Odofin Gary Turner The topic for the research paper will be business intelligence, most specifically the impact on privacy. The data gathered through various business intelligence technologies, while it may not be personally identifiable information such as name and/or social security number, the data provided to businesses gives them a greater insight into consumer behavior. This provides the businesses with information to leverage additional sales and services. Businesses gather all kinds of data on consumers, often sharing with other related competitors, to obtain a better view of the consumer behavior, including trends and associations. The information obtained through business intelligence may or may not be personally identifiable, it may still be sensitive in nature. Does it cross the line ethically? Are there other techniques to gather this information while maintaining privacy for the consumer? In this paper, the ethical issues of privacy on business intelligence will be explored to determine if the business intelligence outweighs the intrusion on privacy. Key concepts in this review include privacy, big data analytics, business intelligence, ethical awareness framework, data mining, hackers, and the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. Data mining is discovering knowledge from large amounts of data (Sharda...
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...1. Explain where an employee can reasonably expect to have privacy in the workplace. With the increased use of technology, employers are constantly searching for new means to protect their company, secure their investments, and increase employees’ productivity. Because of this, employees cannot reasonably expect to have privacy within the workplace. Although employees would like privacy in their office, on their computer, and during phone conversations, there is no law legally granting privacy to employees in the workplace. The only place an employee could have a reasonable expectation of privacy is in the restroom. Also, since the employers need to know all employees are providing a proper job, that the workplace place is always secured, also because as the owner of the company he owns the computer network, the terminals and will be the biggest loser if the company fails, he or she is free to monitor employees in order to protect the business and at the same time the employees. Even if employees are sometime given today some minimal protection from computer and other forms of electronic monitoring in the work place, especially through union contract, the Fourth Amendment; or Connecticut, Labor Code Chapter 557 and so on, 92% of all of the US companies still conducting high electronic surveillance in the workplace according to the American Management Association (AMA) report of 2009. For example, personal calls are protected under federal case law. So when an employer...
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...regulation in the United Kingdom. In current UK law there is no legislation that forbids publications from printing articles that can be considered as intrusive and invasion of an individual’s privacy. This however does not mean that there is no regulation governing publications. There is a strict code of practice that all the media outlets both print and broadcast have come to an agreement to adhere to. This code was set up by the Press Compliant Commission in order to regulate the industry. This commission is an independent entity that was set up in the early 1990s following the recommendations of a commission on press regulation that was chaired by Sir. David Calcutt. The commission’s core responsibility is to ensure that the press adheres to the agreed code of practice on sensitive topics such minors and privacy (Fourie 2002: 46). In case of any breach of the code of conduct, the commission will conduct an investigation and either uphold the complaint or dismiss it in its entirety. With the exception of incidents regarding inaccuracies (these are dealt with by the editor responsible) all other cases have to be adjudicated and published by the commission. This commission came to being ultimately because government wanted to come up with measures to ensure protection of individual’s privacy rights against the activities of various media houses. The commission that was set up to give recommendations on how to replace the Press council which was the regulatory body before. This...
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