...Nature versus nurture, the idea of whether biological, environmental factors or a balance of the two working together to determine a person’s life, is a controversial topic that has been debated for years. Researchers have conducted several twin studies to determine the answer to this decade old question. Nick Collins, a Science Correspondent for The Telegraph, tackled the accusations in his 2012 article. Collins conveys in his article that people have characteristics and even certain diseases due to both their biological factors and environmental surroundings. The journalist takes the nature versus nurture debate even further by stating that a person relies more on either their biological factors or environmental surroundings depending upon what area they live in. Collins uses a twin study...
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...Point / Nature-Nurture Nature versus nurture is an issue that has been hotly debated for many generations. Because my family life was so disconjointed I have often wondered on what side of the argument my own personality formed. The thought that the way I am is because of genetics has always been a concept I struggle to accept as I lean more on the nature side of the argument as I see my personality formed more by the happenings in my life. I have recently met a few of my siblings for the very first time and found that we couldn’t be more different than if we were unrelated completely. Some professionals air on the side of nature some on nurture and some believe it is a complete combination of them both. Of the people who believe in nature, they believe that we are who we are because of our genetic makeup, while those who believe in nurture believe it is all in the experiences we have had in our lives, and last but not least the professionals that believe in the balance of the two believe that we have some hard wired elements to our personality while others are learned by our experiences. Pro-nature is based off of inherited traits that a person is born with. Pro-nurture means a person can develop traits through experience and one’s environment. Pro-nature perspectives concentrate on the genetic information with claims of that a person with certain genetics will be better than the next and come out on top. Pro-nurture perspectives...
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...Cognitive development – education foundations. Perry D, (2002), ‘Childhood Experience and the Expression of Genetic Potential: What Childhood Neglect Tells Us About Nature and Nurture’, Brain and Mind, 3 (1), pp79-100, accessed 21/03/13, Pro Quest Central database. The aim of this article is to explore the impact of childhood neglect on cognitive development. The author has studied different sources, animal studies and childhood reports to compare the effects. Research suggested that nurturing is most critical in early childhood, without positive experiences neurodevelopment may not be successful. The first investigation showed that animals in enriched environments thrived with larger complex brains rather then those in deprived conditions. In comparison the studies of neglect in early childhood indicate when necessary experiences are not provided neural systems are underdeveloped. Overall its believed that positive experiences allow genetic potential to thrive therefore a combination of nature and nurture has effect. The focus of this article exemplifies the crucial aspect of relationship experiences and whether they positively or negatively impact cognitive development. The author discusses the complex neurone system and how it is during childhood growth, the brain is most sensitive. This is key as it relates to lecture concepts on the importance of ‘early care in relation to the sensitivity of the brain’ and without exposure to positive experiences there is a lack in...
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...MANAGING COMMITMENT-BASED ORGANIZATIONS IN COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENTS V. Aruldas, P. Zachariah, S. Awale Commitment-based organizations (organizations with a strong commitment to help individuals, groups or communities as a labour of love) are typically found in areas of need – working with street children, the homeless, healthcare for the poor, battered women, etc. Some of these areas of need have, over time, attracted other providers who see a business opportunity, resulting in a competitive setting. In India, the church-owned hospitals are an example of commitment–based organizations facing a competitive situation. Most church-owned hospitals in the country when there was little private or government healthcare, with a strong commitment to provide health care to the poor. Over the years, the number of healthcare providers has increased, the technology of healthcare provision has changed, funding for care of the poor is no longer easily available, and the founders of the hospitals have handed over leadership to the next generation. Managing such commitment-based organizations in this changed environment is a challenging task. A case-based study of 6 Indian church-owned hospitals was undertaken to understand how this challenge can be addressed. The findings suggest that such organizations need to have three primary areas of management focus: a) managing the operations b) managing the environment, and c) managing the ideology. Managing the operations...
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...MGMT 701 Case Study: Dana Hall: Funding a Mission (A) Henry Durant, founder of Wellesley College in 1870 believed “young girls were ill prepared to take advantage of the academic experiences offered”1. An all-girls preparatory, Dana Hall, was born out of a vision and generosity2. Dana Hall developmental timeline1: * 1881: Opened under the leadership of the Eastman sisters who retired in 1899. * 1899 -1951: The school was bought and was under the directorship of Helen Temple Cooke; she shaped * Dana Hall into a well-known and widely respected academic institution firmly committed to its mission as a girls’ boarding school. * 1955: Cooke died; However she had owned an association of four schools: Tenarce (Coed K-6), Pine Manor Junior College ( 2 year post-secondary), Dana Hall (Boarding School for girls 10-12 and Dana Junior (Boarders 8-9) * 1971: Dana Hall was restructured and now served both the boarders and day students 9-12 Founded on vision and generosity the school did not seek contributions and by the mid-eighties started having financial difficulties and more or less was just managing its operational budget1. Along with the financial challenges the school had both internal and external challenges: there was the issue of leadership retention: three headmistress in four years which resulted in de-stabilization and created rifts among faculty, administration and the board of trustees1. There was also substantial shrinkage in the applicant pool;...
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...There are plenty of parents who think that restricting or denying any freedom to the children is a good nurture. They think that the children are incapable of distinguishing between the good and the bad. They want to model the child’s life according to their own thinking. They believe that the child doesn’t have any right to independence and freedom. Earlier, most families used to follow this policy for upbringing their children. They used to bring up the children with an iron hand. Even these days there are families that follow this practice. As I see it such a way of upbringing has many drawbacks. To begin with, there is a high degree of possibility that a child will grow into a timid person devoid of self-confidence. Parents who raise their children by keeping control over the child’s life & making all the decisions for him are on the point of view that such nurture may remain children quiet and obedient to the parents. But in reality such parents make their children unready to take up important and difficult tasks in hand. What is more, such children are not capable of becoming leaders, as they will be habituated of taking orders and bearing ill treatment rather than expressing their own opinions, acting according their own wishes. Such dependence of mind occurs as a child is not allowed to do anything without permission of the parents, who think that their child doesn’t have enough wisdom and if he/she is given some independence, he/she may go astray. As opposed...
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...After reading the section on gun control my view on the subject slightly changed. I went from not knowing much about control, thus not really being concerned if it existed or not. But now that I know a few facts, I can I agree partially with both sides of the issue. I think that people should have the right to carry concealed guns but that there should also be a few more regulations. These rules and regulations should include instituting one-gun-purchase- per-month laws, and also requiring registration of all handguns. Another point in this section that grabbed my attention was President Clinton’s assault-weapons ban. I feel that this law should still be in place, because it allows people to carry guns but of a less lethal nature. This is my opinion creates a happy medium. I disagree with investing money in head start programs. Although they are beneficial in preparing children for elementary school and teaching children to interact with others. I do not believe investing money and engaging children in head start programs will prevent them from committing crimes and displaying deviant behavior later in life. Thus the money invested to supposedly lower crime rates could be invested in other programs such as job corps. I believe programs such as job corps are quite a bit more beneficial to at risk youth. This is because Job Corps is not only a program that youth are involved in when they are a bit older but it also provides job training. In my opinion individuals who are employed...
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...personality development, such as pre-natal maternal behavior; gender; nature versus nurture; brain development; genetic composition; sensory motor interactions; learning disabilities; drug impacts; and neurological diseases. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Pinel, J. P. J. (2009). Biopsychology. Boston, MA: Pearson. Associate Level Writing Style Handbook, available online at https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CWE/pdfs/Associate_level_writing_style_handbook.pdf All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Biopsychology | | Details | Due | Points | Objectives | 1.1 Describe biopsychology and its theoretical framework. 1.2 Explain the affects of behavior on evolution. 1.3 Explain the concepts behind the nature versus nurture issue. | | | Course Preparation | Read the...
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...and Research Methods STUDY TOPICS 1. 2. Founding of psychology 3. Major theories and accomplishments of: a. Wilhelm Wundt b. G. Stanley Hall c. Edward Tichener d. William James 4. Functionalism 5. Structuralism 6. Darwin’s impact on psychology 7. Introspection 8. Consciousness 9. Sigmund Freud 10. Psychoanalysis 11. John Watson 12. B.F. Skinner 13. Behaviorism 14. Biological Approach 15. Nature v. Nurture 16. Humanist Approach 17. Abraham Maslow 18. Cognitive Approach 19. Evolutionary Psychology 20. Martin Seligman 21. Positive Psychology 22. Clinical v Applied Psychology 23. Goals of scientific psychology 24. Steps of the scientific method 25. Hypotheses v. Theories 26. Independent Variables v. Dependent Variables 27. Confounding Variables 28. Extraneous Variables 29. Operational Definition 30. Psychological Tests 31. Definition of & Pros/Cons of: e. Surveys/Questionnaires f. Naturalistic Observation g. Experiments h. Case Studies i. Correlational Studies 32. Experimental Group v. Control Group 33. Random Sampling 34. Bias in Experiments 35. Double-Blind Research 36. Ethics – what do you need to be aware of in conducting a study? SUPA HUMAN BEHAVIOR TEST #1 History of Psychology and Research Methods Essay Quiz Potential Topics FOUR of these will be...
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...The writer believes the life of a child should not be terminated solely based on a mother experiencing an unwanted pregnancy. The second pro-choice argument is the idea that personhood is different from human life. Many pro-choice advocates distinguish between human life and personhood, and they believe that this distinction is important in the context of reproductive rights. Pro-choice advocates agree that a fetus is biologically human, as it has human DNA and is the offspring of a human parent. However, many pro-choice advocates argue that being biologically human is not the same as being a person, according to Planned Parenthood.org. I believe that since a fetus possesses human DNA, it should be classified as a human being. As we recognize individuals outside the room of human beings based on their DNA, we should give the same recognition to a fetus inside the womb. The third pro-choice...
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...The nature versus nurture issue of sport is very controversial. When we come to talk about great athletes we tend to ask ourselves a question that has been around every since sports have started- are great athletes born or made? From my experiences, and other professional athlete’s experiences, I can tell you that they are made. I believe that you can achieve anything life if you want it bad enough, and are willing to do everything you can to achieve it. For instance, NBA great Reggie Miller of the Indiana Pacers is an un-athletic, skinny person who overcame leg deformities as a child that prevented him from walking. He had to wear leg braces for several years until his leg problems were corrected enough for him to start walking again. Eventually, Miller went on to play in the NBA for 13 seasons, while setting the record for most 3-point shots made (Beyond the Glory: Reggie Miller 2004). Therefore, in my opinion, Miller was not a “born” athlete. I feel that he worked hard to develop his skill, and make it into the NBA. On the other hand, many people believe that genetics make up good athletes. They believe that people are born with the ability to become a great athlete. For instance, people believe that Reggie Miller was born with genes that would make him a good basketball player since he was born with potential to grow tall. Miller is now 6’6, and almost every great basketball player surpasses the height of 6’4. Therefore, being tall gives you an advantage in basketball,...
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...Chapter 1 1. What is sociology? The study of people in groups. 2. What is the Sociological Imagination? The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society. 3. For what is Auguste Comte known? The father of sociology. French philosopher. 4. When did sociology start? Industrial revolution in Europe. 5. What is Symbolic Interaction? Communication through words and gestures. 6. Who are the founders of Symbolic Interaction? European Founder: Georg Simmel (German Sociologist) American Founder: George H. Mead (Amer. Sociologist) Others – Jane Addams (Amer. Sociologist): Established Hull House W.E.B. Du Bois (Amer. Sociologist): Founded the 2nd Department of Sociology at Atlanta University Harriet Martineau (Brit. Social Observer): Chronicled the lives of women and slave in pre-Civil War America 7. Where was the first Department of Sociology in America founded? University of Chicago. Founded by Albion Small (Amer. Sociologist) 8. What is Functional Analysis? How the puzzle pieces fit together. 9. Who are the founders of Functional Analysis? European Founder: Emile Durkheim (French Sociologist). Coined the term anomie. American Founder: Talcott Parsons (Amer. Sociologist) Others – Robert King Merton (Amer. Sociologist): Wrote about Manifest & Latent Functions. Herbert Spencer: “Survival of the fittest.” Theory of General Evolution. 10. What is Conflict Theory? Haves vs. haves not. ...
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...Demographic aspects a. Family: One of the dominant debates about giftedness relates to whether the specail gifts and talents are from nature or nuture. It is notable that the family provides the breeding ground for the development of these traits (Webb et al, 2007). b. Gender: There are gender differences with gifts; males tend to attain both higher scores and lower scores than females in quantitative reasoning. However, the social expectation of girls with gifts remains critical (Strand et al, 2006). 2. Psychological aspects a. Perfectionism: Gifted students are often found to have perfectionist concerns as they have high standards. Too great an expectation for one’s performance can produce negative effects, leading to avoidance to failure and anxiety (Chan, 2003). b. Underachievement: Unchallenging schoolwork is considered to be one of the common problems for students...
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...Alyssa Del Toro Hum.18-Death Professor Santos Essay Genocide Genocide was the term that came out after the Nazi’s Holocaust of World War Two, but it was not the first incident of Genocide, or the last. During the Genocide Convention that followed World War Two it was agreed amongst the world leaders that genocide would “never again” occur in the world. Time has shown that this might have been an empty promise however, and this essay will review the laws being implemented by the United Nations to help prevent genocide, arguments about why humans kill, incidents of genocide and how genocide is defined and, of course, the victims of the violent crime known as genocide. Genocide is now defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as “[t]he deliberate and systematic extermination of an ethnic or national group”. The United Nations created a much broader and in depth definition in the Genocide Convention of 1948. They state that genocide is “…any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or part, a national, ethnical or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or part; imposing measures to prevent births within the group; forcibly transferring children of the group to another group”. Despite some flaws and loopholes in this definition, it covers the atrocities that occur...
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...Development is the act or process of growing or causing something to grow or to become larger or more advanced. The life span perspective of development involves understanding changes that occur in every period of development. This view seeks to understand people throughout the changes in life and how these changes shape an individual into whom they become. All these changes occur from birth, throughout a persons’ life, into and during old age. Life span development is multidirectional, multi contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plastic. It is multi-directional because it can go in different directions instead of following just one path. Because of the different contexts, events and situations it is multi contextual and can be further broken down into the historical context and the socioeconomic context. Being multicultural it accepts information and behaviors shared within a certain group. Culture is frequently interchanged with ethnicity and race. It is multidisciplinary because it welcomes the input from different aspects or fields of psychology or science. Lastly development is plastic because it continually evolves and changes. It can be molded into different shapes and forms. A theory is as an idea or a set of ideas that are intended to explain facts or events. The beginning of the twentieth century saw the birth of two new theories. The psychoanalytic theory and behaviorism became the two general theories of psychology. Originating from Sigmund...
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