...ultimate goal for any convicted offender is to return to society a better person. There are several options in the prison system when it relates to a prisoners release such as parole, and mandatory release. Probation and community corrections are both options judges have at his or her disposal during the sentencing process. Current rehabilitation options, the parole process, the probation system, and community corrections are areas that often need to be reviewed or critiqued. Because the rehabilitation process is the most critical portion of an inmate’s life in prison, officials need to review every program to ensure its value and substance. Rehabilitation in Prison Each inmate will began the process in which he or she begins to improve him or herself. Rehabilitation is a programmed effort to alter the attitudes and behaviors of inmates and improve their likelihood of becoming law-abiding citizens again (Seiter, 2011). When a person is rehabbing, he or she is trying to obtain the personal qualities and character traits once contained before the life of crime. Some of the modern rehabilitation programs main objectives is to make the offender an even better person than he or she was prior to committing crimes. The origins of the rehabilitation in prison occurred during The Reformatory Era. This historical era was an environment emphasizing reformation that expanded education and vocational programs and focused offenders’ attention on their futures...
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...2012 Rehabilitation and AB109 Paper Offenders are always punished in different ways. Fundamentally, this is in a bid to restore and enhance a desirable state of social cohesion. The characteristic rehabilitation refers to efforts geared toward enabling an individual too effectively to readapt to society and assume practices which are consistent with the societal rules and regulations. In his research, Gottschalk (2006) indicates that the origin of the practice of rehabilitative imprisonment can be traced in penitentiaries constructed at the close of the nineteenth century and were informed by biblical principles. Offenders left in solitude have a chance to reflect penitently over their felonies and are therefore likely to transform or cleanse themselves. With time, discipline, and hard labor were introduced in the practice to be partaken silently. This, according to the reformers helped the prisoners to meditate over their felonious practices. The rehabilitative efforts have undergone various changes and currently, most of them assume a more community based approach. The common method employed in this regard pertains to parole. Woodard (2011) defines parole as the release of an imprisoned offender who agrees to established rules even though he or she has to be closely monitored for a given period. This release is provisional and allows the offender to serve the remaining term from within the community. This differs from mandatory release in different ways. Essentially, the parole...
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...defines it as programs that oversee offenders outside of jail or prison, and are administered by agencies or courts with the legal authority to enforce sanctions. It includes probation – correctional supervision within the community rather than jail or prison – and parole – a period of conditional, supervised release from prison. However, other types of community corrections, like electric monitoring programs, day report programs, and halfway houses are also coming into effect. These other programs can be a part of probation or even stand alone programs. Probation is one of the largest community corrections, it is a court-ordered period of conditional supervision in the community. In some cases, probation can be a combined sentence of incarceration followed by a period of community supervision. People who violate probation are usually sent to prison (they go through another court date, and the judge decides whether they have to go to prison or a more serious community corrections program). Once set to prison, the person is now an inmate; however, if the inmate is behaving well in prison, they can go before a parole board and be released from prison to serve the remainder of their time on parole. Parole is different from probation. Parole is release from prison under certain specific conditions to serve the remainder of the sentence, it is not court imposed, and the parolee agrees to supervision conditions. Once a person loses their probation, he or she becomes part of the...
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...over the adult or juvenile offenders. Community corrections programs are generally operated by probation agencies (correctional supervision within the community instead of incarceration) and parole agencies (conditional, supervised release from prison).” (National Institute of Justice, 2015) These community based corrections are most of the time for lower level offenders. These offenders have committed crimes, but are not harsh enough crimes to be put into a prison where they are under constant security. These individuals in these programs may have just got out of prison, or have charges against them that only required the supervision or a probation officer. They may also be able to get help with drug and alcohol problems, grief and bereavement issues, and depression or self- esteem issues. These programs are offered and the Federal, State, and local levels. We will be discussing a program that is at the State/Local level. I currently reside in the state of Florida so I have decided to do the community corrections of Florida as a whole. This way we can take a look at every aspect that the Florida Department of Corrections deals with in terms of Community Corrections. Here is some information that I have found that will give you an insight on what the state of Florida does for community corrections. “The Florida Department of Corrections currently supervises more than 145,000 offenders. These adult offenders are monitored and supervised by probation officers located in 131...
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...to punish offenders, protect the pubic, change an offender behavior, decrees crime in future and assure guilty people do something make up for crimes. How does judges judgment to person they find this person guilty? The judges look of kinds of crime and how this crime serious. Also, judges look about the law, the history of criminal, personal and financial circumstances. The judgment makes decisions independently of government. On the other hand, the judge or magistrate look about types of crime and how serious of crimes. For example, how much the victims harm and why the offender do that? Each of offenders has different sentences judge or magistrate depend about types of crime. Because it is not fair offender people have the same sentences. For example, is this person first time he or she do crimes? And is person confine his or her crime early? What are the types of sentences? The sentences have four types discharge, fine, community sentences and prison sentences. Frist type is discharge. When the court determine somebody is guilty, but do not...
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...Probation System There are three theories or models of criminal justice. The first one is the retributive theory while the second is the rehabilitate theory and the last is the restorative theory. The first basically concerns itself with the punishment of people by putting them in boot camps, in order to deter their ways. Such instills discipline and fear, which in turn reduces crime. The second one believes that working with these people change their ways to reduce crime, the U.S. Penal System: Restorative and Retributive Justice. The third aims to reintroduce and reincorporate the person back into the community after retribution or rehabilitation. To begin, the first one is optimistic and believes that people are innately good such that prison cells are built so that the prisoner inside the cell can be silent. As he is silent, he can meditate on his wrong-doings. This tradition believes that then spiritual transformation may take place thus rehabilitating such person. On the other hand, the second one is pessimistic, which is why facilities were built to bring about obedience. What is done is to “instill habits of work in people, help build their skills then they will be rehabilitated. The third one, which believes that true rehabilitation, takes place when such person is allowed back into the community and is a combination of both retributive and rehabilitative theories, such as deter future and past criminals from doing a crime because the threat of incarceration...
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...stealing things like cigarettes (Griffiths, n.d.). Living in a marginalized area, youths were impactful to their decision making and the risk factors could not be avoided by all means. Furthermore, Kim Polowek, (a former probation officer and a tutor in the University) underlines that a better understanding of the re-entry process has the families, professionals, and friends helping inmates adjust to the normal lives (Griffiths, n.d.). It is the society that changes the perception that can have the offenders feel wanted....
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...| Prisons | | | | | | Our country has come a long way in the way that it disciplines those who break the laws. Once convicted, criminals can be sentenced to many different punishments depending on the crime they committed. Punishments can range from lenient, such as probation or community service, or more severe, such as jail or prison. Punishments increase in severity depending on the severity of the crime committed. A person who has committed a non-violent crime will have a better chance at seeing a probation sentence than someone who has committed a violent crime. Prior criminal record also plays a role in the sentence an offender receives. Even if the crime committed was not violent, if the offender continues to commit the same crime, their sentence will increase. The main idea behind prisons is to provide a facility that houses individuals being punished for committing a crime. There are several different types of prisons that people may be sent to depending on the kind of crime they committed. The most well-known are medium to high security facilities that are also referred to as general population prisons. These are the penitentiaries that most people would think of, where inmates who were found guilty of crimes ranging from theft to assault and even murder are housed. Minimum security prisons typically house convicted criminals who have not committed a crime of violence against another person. These misdeeds are better known as white collar crimes...
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...committing crime. There are two types of deterrence : general deterrence and specific deterrence. General deterrence is defined by Siegel (2011) as “a crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties, convincing the potential law violator that the pains associated with crime outweigh it's benefits.” (p. 95). In other words, general deterrence uses the punishment of one person's crime to teach the rest of society that this is what will happen to you if you commit this crime or any crime like it. It is meant to scare others so that they will not commit crime. Siegel (2011) defines specific deterrence as “the view that criminal sanctions should be so powerful that offenders will never repeat their criminal acts.” (p. 99). This form of deterrence is geared at stopping the offender from re-offending by making their punishment as harsh and unpleasant as possible. Today in society, the main concern with the criminal justice system is deterrence. The question is, what types of deterrence do we currently use and do they work? In this paper, we will overlook a few forms of deterrence that are currently used in the American Criminal Justice System. The most frequently used form of deterrence is imprisonment. This is also the oldest form of deterrence. The majority of society believe that the harsher the punishment the better. The mindset is to lock everyone up that has committed a crime and throw away the key. This obviously doesn't work for many reasons....
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...Community Corrections Paper Hope Washington CJS/230 Introduction to Corrections June 23, 2013 John Feltgen Community corrections programs oversee offenders outside of jail or prison, and are administered by agencies or courts with the legal authority to enforce sanctions. Community corrections include probation correctional supervision within the community rather than jail or prison and parole a period of conditional, supervised release from prison. The Community Corrections Division of the Department of Corrections supervises an active caseload of approximately 18,000 offenders in communities and work release facilities, providing guidance, support and program opportunities for all offenders returning to the community, holding offenders accountable to their imposed conditions, as they resume life within the community. Collaborating and supporting community resources and parties with a vested interest in successful offender transition into the community. Community based corrections can be viable for the youth but for an adult it is usually not sufficient to deter further illegal activity, we use projects like washing squad cars, litter patrol and with students we try to utilize some type of cleaning in the area of the school where they will be observed by their peers. It is great if you are not dealing with people who have committed violent crimes. Community based corrections is justifiable in today's society because many people believe making people accountable to their...
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...Probation is a sentence of incarceration is suspended, and conditional freedom is granted to a convicted offender, certain requirements of behavior are require maintaining freedom. Parole is a convict granted conditional release from prison before the completion of the sentence The parolee must comply with certain conditions of behavior. After year of living in a tightly structured environment, never making a choice about food or clothing or schedule, an inmate is suddenly faced with the chaos, confusion, and demands of a normal life. Every convict undergoes prisonization, essentially the acculturation into the foreign society of prison. It’s necessary for survival within the culture, but isolates an inmate from the real world to which he or she must eventually return. The values and mores that allow for success in prison are directly counter to the expectations in the community. Upon release the offender returns into society and must adapt to new behaviors as he or she determines their daily schedule, adapts to new technology and changes in the outside world, and a different social interaction styles with people in their home, workplace, and community. Prison Rehabilitation is when a ex prisoner is release from prison and they somehow retrieve and rethink to commit the same crime they did to get themselves in prison. Prison Rehabilitation affects the prison and the society because the prisoner committing the same crimes over and over again and they are not learning anything...
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...Rehabilitation Paper The goal of rehabilitation came during the middle of the twentieth century when corrections adopted a medical model, in which crime was believed to be the result of an underlying pathology of offenders that could be diagnosed and treated (Seiter, 2011). Offenders were considered sick and in need of treatment to prepare them to return to the community as productive, law-abiding citizens. Correctional agencies implemented a variety of treatment programs to improve offenders and to provide them with the tools necessary to be successful members of society (Seiter, 2011). The need for rehabilitation of offenders was emphasized by the Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice, appointed by President Lyndon Johnson in 1966, which noted a need for “substantial upgrading” of the correctional system and its reorientation “toward integration of offenders into community life” (Seiter, 2011). Throughout the years, many processes have been created to form the rehabilitation process of criminal justice. This process has reached out to many offenders and their families by allowing them to return to the community as changed individuals. Rehabilitation has many different process, but most, if not all have been proven successful in returning offenders to the community as changed individuals (Seiter, 2011). Rehabilitation is defined as a return to a previous form. In criminal justice, rehabilitation is referred as a designed attempt to change attitudes and...
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...Community corrections is a range of alternative punishments for nonviolent offenders. There are two basic community corrections models in the United States. In the first model, integrated community corrections programs combine sentencing guidelines and judicial discretion ("front-end") with a variety of alternative sanctions and parole and probation options. In the second model, some states have instituted programs in which correctional officials may direct already sentenced offenders into alternative sanction programs and parole and probation options ("back-end"). Both models are designed to help reduce prison overcrowding and are less expensive alternatives to prison. Widespread development of community correction programs in the United States began in the late 1970's as a way to offer offenders, especially those leaving jail or prison, residential services in halfway houses. The first state community correction programs began in Oregon, Colorado, and Minnesota as pilot projects with very little government-funded support. They diverted nonviolent offenders in selected pilot project areas from jails and state prisons into local alternative punishment programs. The programs were referred to as "front-end" sentencing because they allowed judges to sentence offenders to a community-based punishment rather than jail or prison. Rehabilitation programs were the preferred punishment option. In the late 1980's, prison systems across the country began experiencing serious overcrowding...
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...The Penal Treatments of Offenders Prof. Dr. Ayman Elzeiny A:- The Ideology of Treatment : 'The abandonment of the word "punishment" in favor of "corrections" was a reflection of a trend favoring an approach to the offender much the same as would be made to the mentally ill, neglected, or underprivileged. It was based on a more humane ideology, a treatment model, in which criminal behavior is seen as a manifestation of pathology that can be handled by some form of therapeutic activity. However, although the criminal may be referred to as sick, a treatment ideology is not analogous to a medical approach. The justification for the comparison with physical and mental illness lies in the assumed need for the offender to recognize the danger and undesirability of his criminal behavior and make a significant effort to renounce it. The treatment model does not "remove" criminal behavior, as surgery might remove a malignancy or chemotherapy extinguish an infection; rather the "patient" or inmate is made to see the rewards of socially acceptable behavior and encouraged to adopt it as a mode of conduct for himself. (1) Contrary to some popular misconceptions, the treatment ideology does not mean that inmates are "coddled" and permitted to do as they please within an institution. ______________________________ (1) Sanford Bates, "The Establishment and Early Years of the Federal Probation System," Federal Probation 51 June 1987, p : 4-9. - National Advisory...
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...Jail and Prison Comparison Jorge Villalta CJA/204 February 04, 2014 Robert Nicholas Jail and Prison Comparison Human beings, throughout our history have devised ingenious ways to “punish” others for real crime and perceived transgressions. Corrections is the principal function of the management of criminals after sentencing; punishments, secure facilities used to hold offenders, and the discipline. (Seiter, 2011) Similar to modern days in Corrections, jails are still ran by the local sheriff’s department. Each county or state maintain its own incarceration system. Jail is a secure holding facility for criminal offenders of a sentence of a year or less. An offender would get incarcerated for a crime that breaks the federal law and an offender who breaks a state law may get incarcerated in a state prison. Both federal and state prisons have different levels of security for people convicted of different things such as low, medium, and high security. Most security levels are made up to hold different levels of dangerous criminals. Minimum security prisons are less tight with their security because prisoners at this level are considered to pose little risk. There is less supervision over the internal movements of prisoners, as well as communal showers, toilets, sinks, and some internet access. Minimum level security prisons also offer little supervised programs, such as community service roadside. Medium security level prisons usually...
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