...Chapter 9 Product-Mix Strategies A product mix is the set of all products offered for sale by a company. A broad group of products, intended for essentially similar uses and having similar physical characteristics, constitutes a product line. Marketing executives can choose from a variety of positioning strategies. For example for some products the best position is directly against the competition. Another strategy is associating the company’s product with (or distancing it from) a product class or attribute. Also certain producers and retailers are known for their high-quality products and high prices. Product-mix expansion is accomplished by increasing the depth within a particular line and/or the number of lines a firm offers to customers. When a company adds a similar item to an existing product line with the same brand name, this is termed a line extension. There are many reasons for line extensions but the main one is that a firm wants to appeal to more market segments. Another way to expand the product mix, referred to as mix extension, is to add a new product line to the company’s present assortment. Under a mix-extension strategy, the new line may be related or unrelated to current products. Improving an established product, termed product alteration, can be more profitable and less risky than developing a completely new one. Another strategy, product mix contraction, is carried out either by eliminating an entire line or by simplifying the assortment within...
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...Discuss how the marketing mix strategies are likely to change over burritos’ product lifecycle. Marketing mix strategies are likely to change over burritos’ life cycle as they influence the product’s succession. With reference to Cantinas frozen burritos’, marketing mix strategies help evolve the product’s lifecycle towards the target market. The four marketing mix strategies include product, place, prime and promotion used in each stage of the product lifecycle (Armstrong et al. 2010). A new product progresses through stages from the introduction, growth, maturity, and decline in a sequence known as the product life cycle that is likely to change over the burritos’ time (QuickMBA 2009). As the burritos’ product hits the market as a new product development, it enters the introduction stage of the product lifecycle. Marketing mix strategies at this stage is extensively attracted to the promotion, as the frozen burritos’ is a new and unique product in the Australian marketplace. Profits are heavily spent on the promotion, which means high competitive prices of the product are through advertisement. Promotion at this stage targeted towards a small market segment, which is catered towards 15 – 30 year olds looking for alternative foods. (Armstrong et al. 2010). Extensive marketing testing was placed to build product awareness and to educate potential consumers about the product being introduced. This ultimately ensured its place in the lifecycle process with its slow growth...
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...Marketing Mix Marketing mix is when the right product is put in the right place, at the right time, and at the right price. When an organization or company creates a product that attracts individuals and put it on sale or offer it to individuals it should may be place at a price in which it matches the value of the product and is worth what the consumers or individuals get out of it. The 4 Ps of marketing and the marketing mix are sometimes used as synonyms for one another because they are close to being the same thing. The 4 Ps of marketing mix are product, place, price, and promotion. Each component of the marketing mix has some type of importance and are given an equal abundance of importance. In the marketing mix the customer is the most important piece of the marketing strategy however it is not included because all the components are aimed toward the target. A company that I think would represent for a good marketing mix is Apple. They are about pleasing their customers and making sure that they are aware of the products that they have to offer. Prices are adjusted to make sure that things are affordable and sometimes to bring in new customers. Surveys are completed at times to see what it is that the customer wants and what satisfies the customer. The customers have a say so in the product and the company value their opinion. The product- The product is built on tangible as well as intangible goods and services that are produced by the company. The product component...
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...PROMOTIONAL MIX ON ORGANISATION SALE TURNOVER IN THE FACE OF STRONG COMPETITORS Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management sciences University of Ado Ekiti, P.M.B 5363, Ekiti State Nigeria. Email: yommysun@yahoo.com Adebisi Sunday A., Babatunde Bayode O. 343 Adebisi Sunday. A (Ph.D) Department of Business Administration, College of Management and Social Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B 2008, Okuku, Osun State, Nigeria Email: bayoogoga@yahoo.com Babatunde Bayode .O Abstract This paper aim at study strategic influence of promotional mix on organisation sale turnover in manufacturing organisation. The research data were gathered through the use of secondary data and primary data, secondary data included 6years annual report comprising the sales turnover (2005-2009) and questionnaire which is an instrument of primary data collection. The questionnaires were administered to the workers of 7up Company and some customers in Solebo Estate in Lagos. The researcher adopted the simple percentage and regression model for the analysis of the collected data.. The result of the findings revealed that strategic promotional mix influences the sale turnover with little 25% while other variable not included in the variable tested takes the larger 75% that will rapidly lead to organisation growth. Since promotional mix constitute few % of variable that can push an organisation to the highest level, therefore other factors of marketing mix such as product development...
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...Marketing Mix Paper The term “marketing mix” dates all the way back to the 1960 – 1970s. Neil Borden first coined this term in 1953, and constructed this terminology from James Culliton’s analogy of the marketing procedure being compared to a “mix of ingredients” (NetMBA, 2010). The term ever since has been used all the time when the topic of marketing is brought up. The marketing mix consists of 4 ingredients; often referred as the four P’s (this phrase is interchangeable with the phrase “marketing mix”). Culliton’s analogy was a perfect way to describe the components a marketing plan. The ingredients of a marketing mix can be thought as the ingredients of a cake; all of the ingredients are necessary for the cake to be tasty, However, if too much or too less of some ingredient(s) is/are included, then the cake will be ruined. One can tweak the formula for the cake specifically to enhance the taste of the cake in certain aspects (sweetness, flavor, frosting, etc.). This same concept can be applied directly into marketing; the same actions that one can take and the results in the cake scenario directly correlate to the results of the marketing plan. The four P’s of the marketing mix are price, place, product, and promotion. Each component has its importance, and it is utterly important that all of the components are given equal and abundant importance. The customer is the most important part of the marketing strategy but it isn’t included in the marketing mix because all...
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...technology company by revenue, the world's largest technology company by total assets and the world's second-largest mobile phone manufacturer. Product Mix: The MacBook Air is a line of Macintosh ultraportable notebook computers from Apple Inc. The Air was designed to balance both performance and portability, consisting of a full-sized keyboard design, a machined casing made of aluminum, and a very light and thin structure. Range: The MacBook Air is available in two sizes, with the diagonal length of the display determining the model size: 13.3-inch and 11.6-inch (or 33.78 cm and 29.46 cm, respectively). A range of model choices with different specifications are produced by Apple, and as of 2011, all Air models use solid-state drive (SSD) storage and Intel Core i5 or i7 central processing units (CPUs). Packaging: Apple is known for its stark white box, common for all its computers, tablets and phones. On opening the box, one is greeted by the silky smooth bare aluminum lid of the MacBook Air. The packaging used by Apple for all its products including the MacBook Air is a factor differentiating them from products of other brands. Place Mix: Apple’s marketing mix involves a holistic approach to distribution, taking advantage of different distribution channels. In general, the company uses a selective distribution strategy, which involves some degree of exclusivity that could limit market reach. Apple authorizes sellers to ensure control over this...
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...In the sequence of strategic analysis and decisions, "marketing mix" analysis falls after various external and internal environmental analyses such as PESTEL analysis, Porter's Five Forces analysis, SWOT Analysis and even formulation of competitive strategies (Porter's Generic Strategies). Marketing mix is an imperative concept in modern marketing and academically it is referred to as the set of controllable tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market, so it consists of everything the firm can do to influence the demand for its product (Kotler and Armstrong, 2004). It is important to realise that marketing mix strategy of any company can have one major function, that is, strategic communication of the organisation with its customers (Proctor, 2000). It was further argued that marketing mix provides multiple paths as such communication can be achieved either in spoken form and written communications (advertising, selling, etc.) or in more symbolic forms of communication (the image conveyed in the quality of the product, its price and the type of distribution outlet chosen). However, the key element is that the main aspects of marketing mix that will be discussed below "should not be seen as individual entities, but as a set of interrelated entities which have to be set in conjunction with one another" (Proctor, 2000: 212). Main Aspects of Marketing Mix (100) The easiest way to understand the main aspects of marketing is through its more...
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...THE ROLE OF MARKETING MIX STRATEGY IN DETERMINING CONSUMER PURCHASES DECISION. A CASE STUDY OF GIVANAS NIGERIA LIMITED. BY AJIBODU OLAYEMI OLUGBENGA MATRIC NO. ADP11/12/H/0460 A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING FACULTY OF ADMINISTRATION, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY ILE IFE. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA.) 2013. CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this research project was conducted by AJIBODU OLAYEMI OLUGBENGA in the Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife. _____________________ ___________________ PROJECT SUPERVISOR SIGNATURE AND DATE PROF. J.O ADETAYO _____________________ ____________________ HEAD OF DEPARTMENT SIGNATURE AND DATE PROF. T.O ASHAOLU ______________________ ____________________ DEAN OF FACULTY SIGNATURE AND DATE ______________________ ___________________ EXTERNAL MODERATOR SIGNATURE AND DATE DEDICATION GOD, Late MAA, OYEKEMI and TENIOLA. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In preparing this research project, the researcher received valuable advice and ideas from well-meaning people, which made the work, saw the light of the day. First, my gratitude goes to Almighty God for giving me life and strength to come up this stage. My gratitude also goes to members of staff of the department...
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...Marketing Mix Paper Aiza Ashley Starbucks Marketing Mix Paper A good marketing plan must possess a strong marketing mix strategy. Organization uses marketing mix strategy modeling to estimate causal relationships and measure how marketing activity affects outcomes. The Marketing-mix models analyze data from a variety of sources, such as retailer scanner data, company shipment data, pricing, media, and promotion spending data, to understand more precisely the effects of specific marketing activities. In this paper there will be a description of the four elements of marketing mix: product, price, place, and production. It will describe how the four elements of marketing mix affect the development of the marketing strategy for Starbucks. The Four Elements of the Marketing Mix Modeling The four elements of the marketing mix modeling products, price, place, and promotions also known as the four Ps of marketing were known as the controllable parameters likely to influence the consumer buying process and decisions (Constantinides, 2006). The strength of the four Ps approach is that it represents a memorable and practical framework for marketing decision-making and has proved useful for case study analysis in business schools for many years (Constantinides, 2006). Product Product refers to aspects such as the firm’s portfolio of products, the newness of those products, their differentiation from competitors, or their superiority to rivals’ products in terms...
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...diversify its product lineup. Recent acquisitions of Evolution Fresh, Tazo, and Teavana demonstrate this strategy. We believe these strategic moves broaden Starbucks’ product mix, allowing the company to better position itself globally. These acquisitions also signify the Although coffee will be Starbucks’ core business, the Company has taken initiatives to diversify its product lineup. Recent acquisitions of Evolution Fresh, Tazo, and Teavana demonstrate this strategy. We believe these strategic moves broaden Starbucks’ product mix, allowing the company to better position itself globally. These acquisitions also signify the Although coffee will be Starbucks’ core business, the Company has taken initiatives to diversify its product lineup. Recent acquisitions of Evolution Fresh, Tazo, and Teavana demonstrate this strategy. We believe these strategic moves broaden Starbucks’ product mix, allowing the company to better position itself globally. These acquisitions also signify the Although coffee will be Starbucks’ core business, the Company has taken initiatives to diversify its product lineup. Recent acquisitions of Evolution Fresh, Tazo, and Teavana demonstrate this strategy. We believe these strategic moves broaden Starbucks’ product mix, allowing the company to better position itself globally. These acquisitions also signify the Although coffee will be Starbucks’ core business, the Company has taken initiatives to diversify its product lineup...
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...Marketing Mix Marcos Moreno Marketing Mix Organization's success follows a marketing plan, process and strategies to achieve maximum product awareness and make their product or service in the top of any industry to achieve revenues needed to make an organization reach maximum profits. The industry the organization is part of plays an important role too, because depending on the market saturation or not, makes the organization creates a larger plan causing to spend more than in other industries adding additional costs to the final product or service. The marketing mix describes the combination of the four inputs which constitute the core of an organization’s marketing system (Stanton, William J.) Organizations use the elements of the marketing mix (product, place, price, and promotion) to outline the marketing plan, goals, and strategy to follow. The marketing mix is the instrument to reach the marketing goals. The marketing mix are interrelated, because of the decisions taken in one area usually affects the other. The product mix is the actual article or substance, is the first element. The product must satisfy consumer needs. It includes the physical product, services, branding, packaging, planning and developing the right products, modification and innovations. The price is the actual amount the organization sells their final product or services which affects the volume of sales. It includes pricing objectives and policies, price fixation, discount policy, concession...
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...Marketing Mix Paper Piña MKT/421 June 6, 2011 Carlyn Carmichael Marketing Mix Paper To achieve the marketing objectives the strategy must include different elements – that is the different parts of the marketing mix. In this reading, the elements of the marketing mix which is product, place, price, and promotion will be defined and explained. McDonald’s will be used in this reading to describe how each one of the four elements of the marketing mix affects the development, marketing strategy and tactics. Marketing is having a great product, being sold at the right price at the right place while utilizing the appropriate promotion. Sounds simple but a lot of hard work goes into these simple steps. A company has to go to great lengths to find what the customer likes, where they shop, and what they consider a good value. This is where the marketing mix comes in. The marketing mix was intended to recommend that you have a well-adjusted mix of marketing activities within your marketing plan. Reviewing these steps can help through the plans and avoid faults. The marketing mix as identified by McCarthy consists of the 4 Ps; product, price, promotion and place; and is a good way in outlining the marketing mix. Product – this element defines the characteristics of your product or service that will meet your customers’ needs. Price – this portion refers to the price of the product or service, including the strategy that is used. It is important to test numerous pricing...
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...Intercontinental University Unit 4 Individual Project MKTG 205 – Principles of Marketing 4/21/13 Abstract In this paper you will learn about the marketing mix it will give you a detail break down of why the marketing mix is and why it is so important to companies it will also tell you the different parts of the market mix what are the uses of each part of the marketing mix and put it all together and show you how it all works together. MY MARKETING MIX Marketing mix why is marketing mix so important? Without a marketing mix companies would fail because their product would not get sold that why coming up with a marketing mix is so important. It takes a look at the area and the people in that area to see what holes can be fild with their product. This is no easy task so in this paper you are going to get a full overview of the marketing mix. This will be a through break down of the marketing mix at each component starting with the definition of marketing mix to how to set the price. What is marketing, well after I read a few definitions I came up with one of my own. Marketing is more than setting prices or buying and selling products. Marketing is paying attention to the environment around you, locating a need and filling that need by improving or creating products for a targeted area of demographic. The product I chose to write about is the chocolate bar and the reason I choose it is because chocolate was once a luxury item for the rich. It took a man with an idea...
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...Marketing Mix Crystal Watson MKT/421 February 6, 2013 Brandon Miller University of Phoenix Marketing Mix Marketing is a commonly misrepresented term in today’s business environments. Some organizations and most individuals believe marketing is just about sales and advertising. Often times having such a vague understanding of marketing can determine the success or failure of an organization. In fact, marketing is a much more complex subject and area of business. Known as the four P’s, the marketing mix is a set of four decisions that an organization must make before launching a new product or service. The marketing mix consists of four elements: Product, Place, Price, and Promotion (University of Phoenix, 2011).These four elements work together to assist in making the strategic decisions necessary to ensure a smooth introduction of a product or service. An organization must have a thorough understanding of these four elements as each play a key role when developing an organization marketing strategies and tactics. The pet industry is a steadily rising niche business sector. Climbing up to $50.82 billion in 2011 from $23 billion in 2000, makes the pet industry a hot topic for entrepreneurs and pet lovers alike. Although the pet industry continue to see an increase in revenue, according to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) American households owned 2 million fewer dogs at the end of 2011 than at the end of 2006 (U.S Pet Ownership & Demographics Sourcebook)...
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...Elements of Marketing Mix MKT/421 Elements of the Marketing Mix Today’s high performance organizations are placing a high emphasis on marketing as a key to organizational success. The planning phase of the marketing management process is extremely important to effective marketing operations. Marketing planning involves setting objectives, evaluating opportunities, creating marketing strategies, preparing marketing plans, and developing marketing programs. Developing a market strategy consists of identifying a target market for a product or service, followed by building a marketing mix to reach the target group as creating marketing strategy is a key element in the process of market planning. The marketing mix and its elements make up the basic tactical components of a marketing plan. The elements of the marketing mix are known as the Four P’s including some products marketed at a price with some promotion to tell customers about the product and a way to reach the potential customers (Perreault, 2011). The idea that the customer is also an element of the marketing mix is a common misconception. The customer is in fact the target of the marketing mix. “The basic reason to focus on some specific target customers is so that you can develop a marketing mix that satisfies those customers’ specific needs better than they are satisfied by the competitors in the industry” (Perreault, 2011). Elements of Product The product element of the marketing mix refers to developing...
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