...Nichols College | Sport Seminar Final Research Paper | Professor Hendrick | | Sean Fleming | 4/29/2014 | | Abstract This is my final research paper in conclusion to my studies in the Sports Management program at Nichols College. This is a research study on the use of professional athletes from American sports leagues in the Olympic Games. Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….page 1 Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………………………page 2 List of Tables and Figures………………………………………………………………………………………………….page 3 Chapter I: Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………page 4 Chapter II: Review of Literature Chapter III: Research Methodology Chapter IV: Results Chapter V: Discussion and Conclusions References Appendices Tables and Figures Chapter I: Introduction This purpose of this study will pertain to whether the use of professional athletes from American sports leagues in the Olympic Games is a good or bad idea. Currently, players from the National Hockey League (NHL), National Basketball Association (NBA), Major League Soccer (MLS), Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) and the Professional Golfers Association (PGA TOUR) are allowed to participate in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games by their respective leagues. There are many problems that have arisen from the allowance of professionals in the Olympics. They range from injuries to star players, financial impacts on the leagues, shutdown of schedules...
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...College Athlete Compensation: Primary Research Review Phillip Richard Cross Oakland University Rochester, MI Abstract This primary research paper explores the topic of college athletics, and if student athletes receive fair compensation for their sporting services. As to how this question was answered, it was conducted with two separate interviews. One of them was with Ben Anderson, my former varsity basketball coach, and also Matt Okaiye, a close friend who plays college football at Michigan State. The main findings of this research was that college athletes receive a great deal of fair compensation, as scholarships and publicity are the primary focus to why. For athletic scholarships, we see that the student athletes receive numerous amnesties and benefits that compensate them extremely well. Publicity is the same way, as the athletes have a large amount of attention on them which leads to economic and compensated value. This research will ultimately lead to the final project which will be on the argument that college athletes should not be paid. College Athlete Compensation The notion of paying college athletes has been an ongoing debate for decades. With college sports continuing to gain popularity and revenue increasing for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), people have questioned whether college athletes should be benefited beyond their athletic scholarships. The question is, do college athletes receive fair enough compensation for their services...
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...specific point of view. Two argumentative texts are “NCAA Academic Performance Metrics,” a scientific research paper written by Larry LaForge and Janie Hodge, and “The NCAA,” an episode of Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, both discussing issues of the NCAA. The thesis of “NCAA Academic Performance Metrics” is the positives of FGR, APR, and GSR in concurrence with sound institutional policies and the appropriate uses and misuses of each metric, whereas “The NCAA” thesis is an argument for the monetary compensation of collegiate athletes. “NCAA Academic Performance Metrics” uses the warrants of scientific research, visual statistics, and policy implications...
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...And the NFL. In our discussion we will cover why athletes are considered role models and if they should be. Also we will discuss the debate of why many athletes make millions of dollars before even playing a game and if they are actually being overpaid. Throughout the paper we will explain how pop culture effects why these players get paid what they do by ratings and popularity of the sport. We research why teams take risks on players risking millions of dollars when that money could go back to the fans. In looking at major sports in America in referencing professional athletes as role models . Yes, we know how much money they make and what type of endorsement deals they get; what types of clothing they wear in to the locker rooms before/after the games and to press conferences; if they have of the field incident it is known to the public via media outlets; These athletes are looked up to for the skills possess during the sporting event. These people are great athletes again they are not recognized for what they do off the field of play. Most of Americans all ages that compete in sports copy some type body movement; buy a piece of equipment; develop a swagger that is influenced by professional athletes through which is seen during the time the time competition. These athletes are not recognized for time they spend doing volunteer work, unless it is publicized through television marketing; being great husbands or fathers. Athletes are judged for what they do on the fields not how...
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...Everyday we see athletes in tough situations with the game on the line. Some conquer the moment, and some melt under the pressure. I’m a big sports geek that watches every sport and closely follow my favorite teams, and everyday I see athletes embrace the pressure of close games in the closing moments, while some shy away and disappear in the moment. When I was 11 years old, on December 4, 2009, I witnessed Kobe Bryant hit a buzzer beater to win the game against the Miami Heat. That image of Kobe shooting over Dwyane Wade has ever since been stuck in my head leading me to many childish fantasies of me hitting a game winning shot in game 7 of the finals to win the championship like Kobe did. That buzzer beater by Kobe was the first of many game winning plays I saw watching sports including the most recent of them which was a game tying hail mary by Aaron Rodgers in the playoffs to send the game to overtime against the Arizona Cardinals. However, in that time I have seen many instances where players have had the chance to make a crucial game winning play at the end of the game but failed to do so. One of the biggest recurring things I’ve seen over the years are missed free throws in clutch moments of games by really good free throw shooters, which made me thinking how can some people make several clutch shots repetitively while some superstars choke...
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...exercise. This subfield of psychology is used mostly with athletes and coaches to test the athletes speed, agility and improve his or her motivation. This paper will provide some insight on how this subfield of psychology came to be, some examples of certain topics discussed and researched as well as some examples of research still used today. First let us begin on the history of sport psychology. Sport psychology is a relatively new subfield of psychology dating back to the 1920s. A psychologist by the name of Coleman Griffith organized the first American sport psychology laboratory at UIC. After a few years, in the 1930s the laboratory got shut down due to insufficient funding. This did not stop Coleman Griffith when he consulted with professional sports teams like the Chicago Cubs. Meanwhile three men from Stanford University, B.C. Graves, Walter Miles and football coach Glenn Warner, all created and experiment to find the fastest way to get the offense to run together once the center hikes the ball. Miles created a durable chronoscope to...
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...Pay to Play: Economic Impact of Paying College Athletes 1. Purpose of Research & Analysis On April 25, 2014, the National Labor Relations Board in Washington, D.C., granted Northwestern University's request to review the decision made by the regional office recognizing the school's football players as employees. In mid-April, Northwestern football players voted as a team on whether or not to unionize, but the votes will only be opened if the board ends up siding with the players, which may take at least a couple of months. Ultimately, the Northwestern football players are determining their fate through this secret ballot and their decision to form the first union amongst college athletes—a decision that has the ability to change the landscape of American college sports. If granted the right to unionize, the Northwestern football team will actually have the ability to bargain over their conditions and it is expected that this could ultimately lead to requesting salary compensation for their efforts. In light of these recent historic discussions, it is critical to analyze not only the ethical, but also the economic impact of such potential situations. My research paper has been structured to shed some light into the challenging and complicated discussions that continue to occur around this topic. Specifically, I have broken my research and analysis into three key topics. First, I explore whether or not there is an underlying issue with the current state, from an economic perspective...
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...Throughout the last 10 years the discussion regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussions has been inflamed within the media. Prior to this time little research was conducted regarding various forms of TBI, concussions, and enduring consequences of experiencing a TBI. As a result of the many soldiers returning from the continuing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan with TBI diagnosis, much research has been directed toward this field. A sizeable contributor in the media recognition of the significant impact of TBI and concussions is the popularity of the National Football League (NFL) and college football. Players in various professional and college football leagues have long been experiencing TBI as a result of the contact nature of the...
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...‘Roiding Up a Good Paper Steroids have been a problem in sports for over 50 years now, and show slim signs of stopping. Sure, you do not hear about them as much, but it does not mean that it is not happening. Athletes are striving to be the best of the best, and the athletic effects the drug shows are overwhelming, but the negative consequences surely outweigh the positives. The paragraph above is just a little taste of what an introductory statement may look like. A research paper on steroids would have a more in-depth, fact spilling introduction. Clearly the topic chosen is steroids and their negative effects. But to be more specific, I would like to find these effects for the Major League of Baseball (MLB). I chose this because I do NOT want to bore everyone, including myself, by writing two papers on accounting and the topic has always been very interesting to me. I am a huge sports fanatic and steroids are problems that arise in professional sports somewhat frequently. People always say, “Everyone knows of the negative side effects of steroids,” but if that is the case, then why do people still take them? The process of a research paper can be lengthy and sometimes stressful, but can be shortened if a proper approach is taken. The obvious start is research. Look up ESPN articles and blogs and other books where steroids are the main topic of discussion and weed out the ones that support your view and have reliable information. Doing this may be tough with...
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...For my career development research project I decided to shadow Candice Jackson (College of Charleston Women’s Basketball Head Coach), Amanda Taylor (Athletic Trainer for Women’s Basketball at the College of Charleston), and Marc Pronto (Strength and Conditioning Coach for both Men’s and Women’s Basketball teams at the College of Charleston). I selected job shadowing because it is a very useful activity that allows a person to explore a career that they are interested in by spending time with a professional working in that field. It provided me more insight rather than just reading a job description or even asking an employee to describe what they do. While job shadowing, I was able to ask questions and experience the trials, triumphs, and normal day-to-day activities that Marc Pronto, Candice Jackson, and Amanda Taylor might experience while working in their jobs. I was able to experience how the professional approaches the job, the necessary social cooperation, standard operating procedures, and the tools that I need in order to perform the job successfully. Normally, job shadowing usually lasts only a day, but in...
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...Advisor Ms. Diane Campbell Civil Service College (UCCI) Summary The Cayman Islands Athletic Association –CIAA exist in the Cayman Islands as the governing body for sport athlete in the Cayman Islands. The CIAA is also under the umbrella of the International Association of Athletics Federation whereby, giving athletes an opportunity to showcase their talents. Over the years since its inception, the association has been plagued with many difficulties such as, not harnessing the talents of promising young Caymanians, not being able to run and effective organization due to poor management, failure to attract the right personnel to run the organization and failing to garner the support of the private sector. This paper will seek to divulge into the many negative issues that have plagued this organization over the years while offering constructive recommendations and suggestions that can be implemented to garner the support from parent, government and most importantly, the private sector. The paper will also seek to look at the unique perspective young people brings to the organization while utilizing their talents to market the Cayman Islands. The paper will also suggest ways in which the athlete can use their skills to improve academically while perusing their dream of becoming the professional athlete. We will also seek to discuss the coaching issues and how the right coaches can and should be selected to coach certain discipline. Due to a lack of oversight and ineffective...
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...Academic Motivation of College Athletes & the Influence of Athletic Scholarships Abstract The purpose of this research was to examine whether scholarship play a role in academic success by identifying the motivation of the students toward their classes and the influences of being an athlete. The identification was investigated using surveys and interviews. Most college athletes made it clear that their motivation academically comes from their concern about a successful future. A successful future in this place is having a good job, earn good money and have a successful business. As if they were to fail in sports, they would still be able to make a good life with their records in academic fields. So their first priority is a good academic status. The results also identified how being an athlete could hurt them academically. Introduction I decided to do this research because I’m interested in getting a scholarship to play basketball and I would like to know how things work and could possibly affect my academic performances at that point. Scholarship athletes are expected to work hard and dedicate more time than the walk-in or try-out players because they need to maintain their good performance to keep their scholarships. I’m studying in Thailand as a 10th grader. I started playing basketball a couple years ago. At first I was just playing for fun and exercise, but since I was asked to join my varsity team, I started to like the game more. My love to game developed...
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...in Athletes Concussions in Athletes Introduction Athletes are faced with a number of health issues including injuries that could require surgery. It is also important to note that there are a number of athletes who have died while participating in sports. Sadly, most athletes do not report these problems in time albeit they are aware of the symptoms that accompany such sport-related health problems. Concussion is one such health problem that is affecting athletes, especially high school students. It has been reported that most of athletes tend to avoid reporting symptoms of concussion in order to avoid being sidelined from playing (Diagnosing and Treating Sports-Related Concussion, 2014). In the United States, it is estimated that up to 3.8 million athletes suffer from concussions linked to high impact sports (Diagnosing and Treating Sports-Related Concussion, 2014). There is, however, a feeling that the figure is under-estimated in the sense that most athletes as well as their coaches are not conversant with the symptoms of this particular health issue. Therefore, concussions in athletes are a serious health issue which should be addressed immediately. There is need to inform athletes and all stakeholders in the sport industry on the symptoms of concussions as well as their capability to be fatal in order to help athletes seek treatment to avoid repetitive concussions which would lead to deaths. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader, especially athletes, on...
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...have contributed to the explosive popularity of both professional and collegiate sports. Billions of dollars are spent on the proliferating professional and collegiate sports industry. It is not surprising, therefore, that the popularity of professional and collegiate sports has been reflected in the sports programs of American high schools. The pressure to win and the allure of financial gain have always been a part of the professional ranks, as well as the collegiate sports scene. Intercollegiate athletics are a big business and a lucrative source of revenue for many universities. It is not unusual to find that coaches in our major universities make a great deal more income than tenured academic professors. The pressure to win is felt by most college coaches and athletic directors. It is therefore not surprising that a conflict has developed between the academic and athletic communities on many of the nation’s college campuses. Similarly, it is possible that athletic communities in high schools have developed a negative reputation with respect to academic performance. While a number of researchers studied athletic participation and academic performance in college (Ferris & Finster, 2004; Gaston-Gayles, 2005), few studies addressed the relationship between academics and athletic participation at the high school level. Similarly, these studies have 2 focused on the comparison of non-athletes to athletes; with respect to a variety of dependent variables Yiannakis...
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...winning, this mindset forces athlete to take risk; however, does this ideology cause athletes to make bad decisions. One of the biggest issues in sports today is the use of performance-enhancing drugs as a way of “cheating” in order to get an edge on opponents. From the high school level all the way up to the professional level, men and women have been caught using these drugs, which are banned. It is easy to see the positive effects of using these performance-enhancing drugs with athletes becoming faster, bigger, and stronger; however, these athletes and there spectators don’t realize why these performance enhancing drugs are actually illegal, especially college students who are the major risk takers. Attached to the natural benefits of these drugs that make athletes feel closer to achieving their dream of winning are health risk, reputation risk, and loads of other negative effects of using PEDs. Enrolled in the University of North Texas, the authors of this paper have created a blog in order to appeal to the athletes here at UNT in order to help educate them on the exact reasons why these performance-enhancing drugs are illegal and to help persuade them against using them. In addition to reading and learning about the negative effects of PEDs, we have also included a pledge onto the page that athletes can sign to pledge not to use PEDs. Audience The main audience that we are trying to appeal here is the athletes of the University of North Texas. Athletes who excel in their respective...
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