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香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

工程经济学案例
香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析
案例讨论问题:
(1)案例回顾和总结(可以参考其它资料) 。 (2)哪些因素会影响该项目的投资决策? (3)根据案例提供的数据,采用合理的基准折现率(如 10%)计算迪士尼 公司的香港迪士尼主题乐园投资项目的 NPV。
1998 年,迪士尼公司董事长兼首席执行官迈克尔·艾斯纳先生结束了他的中国之旅回 到美国。 看到麦当劳在世界第一人口大国取得的成功, 艾斯纳先生深信米老鼠也会受到中国 人的热情追捧。但是,迪士尼公司吸取了巴黎迪士尼的教训,行动十分谨慎,对这一海外主 题乐园投资斟酌了七年时间之后,仍然在对这一投资进行深入的财务分析。

一、迪士尼公司及其主题乐园
迪士尼公司是一家全球性娱乐公司,业务涉及五大领域:媒体网络、影视娱乐、主题乐 园、迪士尼消费产品以及网络直销。公司在世界各地现有超过 120,000 名雇员。 尽管迪士尼公司是地位仅次于时代华纳公司的世界第二大传媒公司, 它还是遭受了一系 列的业绩下滑的打击, 除了迪士尼乐园外其他各个事业部都遭受了不同程度的业绩下挫: 从 1998 年截止至 1999 年 9 月 30 日,迪士尼公司净利润下降了 30%至 13 亿美元。但主题乐园 却是一枝独秀,为迪士尼提供了最稳定的增长源。1999 年,该业务利润增长 12%,达到 14 亿美元,而收入增长 10%达到 61 亿美元。 摆在公司决策层的当务之急是如何尽快地将公司带出这样的不利境地, 不断提供稳定增 长现金流的迪士尼乐园自然成为高层首选的突破口。 但只在美国本土发展难以逆转命运, 公 司必须找到新的增长点。主题乐园进军中国市场也许是一个不错的选择。 迪士尼公司耗资 1700 万美元(累计投资 1.326 亿美元) ,于 1955 年 7 月在南加州阿纳 海姆(Anaheim)建成第一家迪士尼乐园(70 公顷) ,50 年来,乐园已接待游客 10 多亿人 次。第二家主题乐园于 1971 年在佛罗里达州的奥兰多郊外正式对外开放(124.32 公顷) ,累 计耗资 7.66 亿美元。 奥兰多迪斯尼由 7 个风格迥异的主题公园、 个高尔夫俱乐部和 6 个主 6 题酒店组成。像迪斯尼乐园震惊美国西部人一样,迪斯尼世界轰动了美国东海岸的人们。 在美国完成了两家大型主题乐园后,迪士尼开始寻找海外的投资机会。1983 年第一家 位于美国本土外的迪士尼主题乐园在日本东京开园。 为了控制项目风险, 迪士尼并不要求对东京迪士尼乐园拥有所有权, 而是将乐园委托给 一家名叫东土株式会社(Oriental Land Co.)的日本企业控制和管理。东土株式会社是所有 者和被授权人,而迪士尼则是设计者和授权人。双方达成协议:迪斯尼公司可以将东京迪斯 尼乐园相关食品和商品销售毛利润的 5%、门票收入的 10%、合作赞助费的 10%作为自己的 所得。作为交换,迪斯尼公司必须注入 250 万美元资金作为投资(1980 年预估建设成本为 2.5 亿美元) 。1992 年正式建成面积为 60 公顷的东京乐园,因为年游园人次比美国本土的迪
1

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析 斯尼乐园还要多,迪士尼大赚了一笔,还拥有了完全的设计权,并通过一系列详细的操作手 册保留了对乐园经营的相当大的控制权。 然而, 为了减少风险而不拥有东京迪士尼乐园的股 权,限制了迪士尼从世界上最受欢迎的东京迪士尼主题乐园之一获得更多的回报。 1984 年迈克尔·艾斯纳先生和当时的总裁弗兰克·威尔斯来到了巴黎,他们决心避免 在东京犯下的错误。 巴黎迪士尼乐园 (Disneyland Paris) 当时称为欧洲迪士尼 , (Euro Disney) , 于 1992 年在法国巴黎开园(80 公顷) 。鉴于在东京的失策,迪士尼公司决定成为投资合伙 人。此项目的原投资计划是:迪士尼公司占有 49%产权,而法国政府将投入现金和贷款完 成基础建设。项目原计划投资 10 亿美元,为了新建公园能尽量完美,设计和建设变更的情 况大量发生,使得投资不断攀升至 50 亿美元, 。1992 年至 1994 年期间,由于 40 亿美元债 务的巨大财务负担和游客入园率低于预期 (预期每年 1000 万人次) 巴黎迪士尼乐园经营困 , 难。1994 年末,通过一系列的大手笔的财务重组工作,欧洲迪士尼走出财务困境。1995 年, 乐园宣布其首次盈利 2300 万美元(1995 年入园 1070 万人次) 。 经历东京和巴黎迪士尼的投资, 迪士尼公司意识到在最大化回报与最小化海外股权风险 之间寻求平衡是十分困难的。

二、迪士尼乐园选址香港
1998 年下半年,迪士尼与中国香港特区政府展开非正式会谈,为了避免重蹈巴黎的覆 辙,迪士尼最初倾向于只参加乐园管理,不进行股权投资。不过,在谈判之后,迪士尼改变 了主意。 作为亚洲地区重要的国际贸易和金融中心, 香港一直被认为是世界最自由的经济体并且 在 1999 年度全球经济竞争力排名中位居第三。1997 年爆发的亚洲金融风暴使香港经济遭遇 挫折,GDP 增长率在 1998 年跌倒历史低点,为−5.1%,到了 1999 年第二季度才升到 0.7%。 虽然旅游业只占 1998 年至 1999 年经济的 4%左右,但是香港政府希望有更多的旅游产品, 需要一个游览景点以振兴处于颓势的旅游业,迪士尼乐园是一个可能的选择。 香港拥有一座位于赤腊角的大型国际机场以及由公路、 铁路、 隧道与桥梁组成的四通八 达的交通网。 大屿山东北的竹篙湾临海地段是一个适合建迪士尼主题乐园的地点 (位处香港 国际机场交通必经之路, 由新机场前往只需 10 分钟) 在那里可以无干扰或不产生纠纷地进 , 行土地开发使用。 中国大陆、台湾、南亚及东南亚、日本和美国是香港的主要游客源。中国大陆游客的增 长潜力是吸引迪士尼来到香港的主要原因之一。 迪士尼公司与香港政府都相信拟建的迪士尼 乐园的成功取决于大陆游客人数,尤其是珠江三角地区的居民。

三、可行性研究
为了评估香港迪士尼乐园的财务可行性, 迪士尼公司基于其国际主题乐园的经验以及香 港的经营环境,设定了一套假设,评估拟建主题乐园的财务效果。

(一)新主题乐园的规模
香港政府说服迪士尼作为股权投资者加入。 迪士尼乐园将分两期建设。 一期工程包括一 座迪士尼主题乐园和两到三家迪士尼主题度假酒店。主题度假酒店共有 2100 间客房。除了 主题乐园和酒店,还有 28000 平方米的集零售、餐饮和娱乐于一体的综合建筑。二期工程将 包括第二座迪士尼主题乐园、附属酒店以及扩建零售、餐饮与娱乐综合设施。据估计,一期 工程的总投资(不包括地价)将达 141 亿港元。

(二)入园率预测
预测基于香港政府采用的评估方法和其他关于人口及游客增长率的历史资料。 在香港与 迪士尼规模最为接近的比照是海洋乐园和沙田马场。具体数据参见表 1。

(三)收入预测
通过谈判,迪士尼公司与香港政府就以下条款达成一致:
2

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析 特许权费:商品、食品与饮料以及酒店总收入的 5%;门票收入的 10%; 基本管理费:总收入的 2%; 变动管理费:EBITDA 1 的 2-8%。 如果迪士尼与香港政府成立合资公司, 还可以从迪士尼乐园的经营利润中按比例分配红 利。 本地居民在主题乐园的消费估计每人 680 港元。这个数字包括前往主题乐园的交通费, 在主题乐园的消费,以及在相关零售店、餐饮及娱乐设施的消费。每人的门票费用将在 250 至 300 港元范围内。 收入预测等详细数据参见表 2。

(四)投资与成本预测
香港迪士尼乐园项目一期的主要投资与成本构成包括下列内容: 竹篙湾土地开发与基础设施建设费用:土地平整和基础设施建设费用将达 136 亿 港元。基础设施建设费不会由拟设立的合资公司承担。根据土地平整费用,估计 要向迪士尼乐园项目第一期收取 40 亿港元的地价。 地价代表填海开拓和土地平整 的预计费用。根据迪士尼的预测,主题乐园将不会有足够的盈利来支付地价。因 此,在与香港政府的谈判过程中,迪士尼讨价还价,以期免费获得土地。 建设地面建筑及设施的费用:估计约为 105 亿港元。 主题乐园的营业费用:可以参照巴黎迪士尼乐园以及东京迪士尼乐园进行估计。 投资与成本预测等数据参加表 3 和表 4。

(五)风险评估
迪士尼公司需要考虑许多风险因素以求与香港政府达成最佳的交易: 未来在中国大陆再建一个迪士尼乐园或者香港再建一个类似主题乐园,对香港迪 士尼乐园的冲击; 游客消费额的不确定性,尤其是那些来自中国大陆的游客,他们与来自其他国家 的游客相比,一般在港花费最少; 成本超支、形成巨额债务负担的可能性,合资公司承担项目债务的能力; 主题乐园产生的现金流的时间结构安排; 主题乐园是否有能力吸引足够的香港本地及外来的游客; 如果主题乐园盈利欠佳,迪士尼是否能全身而退; 中国大陆、香港以及其他地区,例如台湾的政治稳定性。

四、谈判
当迪士尼乐园项目仍处在可行性阶段, 就有许多来自香港民间对该项目异议和质疑的声 音。关于香港政府的高股权投资的传言已遍布该地区。香港有人认为,迪士尼公司想利用政 府对发展旅游业的迫切心情以顺利兴建迪士尼主题乐园。 但是香港政府在谈判中讨价还价的能力并非如民众所想象的那么差。 虽然香港政府准备 持有主题乐园的多数股权,但它不愿在迪士尼要求的一些条款上让步。这些条款包括,给予 税收优惠和税收补助。政府还以“政治上不能接受”以及可能造成“太多不利的经济影响” 为由,拒绝了迪士尼提出的免费取得土地的要求。 双方都努力寻求解决僵局的办法。 对迪士尼的挑战是, 假定在无法从香港政府方面获得 补助的情况下, 该项目的财务可行性如何?可从香港政府那寻求到什么优惠?表 5 给出了香 港资本市场和通货膨胀的数据,这可以用于财务分析。

1

EBITDA:Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization,即息税折旧摊销前利润,是扣除利 息、所得税、折旧、摊销之前的利润。计算公式为 EBITDA=净利润+所得税+利息+折旧+摊销。 3

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表1
代号 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2~4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5 年份 Year 本地居民 Local residents 香港人口 Population in HK 市场渗透率 Market penetration rate 每位游客入园次数 Visits-per-guest ratio 每年入园人次 Annual attendance 游客总数 Total tourists 非商务游客 Base tourists(non-business) 市场渗透率 Maket penetration rate 每位游客入园次数 Visits-per-guest ratio 每年入园人次 Annual attendance 商务游客 Business tourists 市场渗透率 Market penetration rate 每位游客入园次数 Visits-per-guest ratio 每年入园人次 Annual attendance 羡名而来的游客 Induced tourists 市场渗透率 Market penetration rate 每位游客入园次数 Visits-per-guest ratio 每年入园人次 Annual attendance 年入园人次总数 Total annual attendance 7,524,731 19% 1.35 1,930,094 14,898,671 10,429,070 15.65% 1.17 1,909,615 4,469,601 4.00% 1 178,784 1,698,448 100% 1.15 1,953,215 5,971,708 2005

香港迪士尼主题乐园游客预计
2006 2007 7,782,747 19.42% 1.35 2,040,403 16,892,099 11,824,469 15.65% 1.17 2,165,119 5,067,630 4.00% 1 202,705 1,993,268 100% 1.15 2,292,258 6,700,485 2008 7,915,053 19.63% 1.35 2,097,529 17,986,707 12,590,695 15.65% 1.17 2,305,419 5,396,012 4.00% 1 215,840 2,158,405 100% 1.15 2,482,166 7,100,954 2009 8,049,609 19.84% 1.35 2,156,007 19,152,245 13,406,572 15.65% 1.17 2,454,810 5,745,674 4.00% 1 229,827 2,336,574 100% 1.15 2,687,060 7,527,705 2010 8,186,452 20.05% 1.35 2,215,868 20,393,311 14,275,318 15.65% 1.17 2,613,882 6,117,993 4.00% 1 244,720 2,528,771 100% 1.15 2,908,087 7,982,556 2011 8,325,622 20.26% 1.35 2,277,141 21,714,798 15,200,358 15.65% 1.17 2,783,262 6,514,439 4.00% 1 260,578 2,736,064 100% 1.15 3,146,474 8,467,454 2012 8,467,158 20.47% 1.35 2,339,857 23,121,916 16,185,342 15.65% 1.17 2,963,617 6,936,575 4.00% 1 277,463 2,959,605 100% 1.15 3,403,546 8,984,482

7,652,651 19.21% 1.35 1,984,600 15,864,105 11,104,873 15.65% 1.17 2,033,358 4,759,231 4.00% 1 190,369 1,840,236 100% 1.15 2,116,271 6,324,599

慕名而来的游客相对于游客总数的比例为 10.8%-13.8%。Induced tourists: ratio to total tourists is from 10.8% to 13.8%

4

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表1
代号 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2~4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5 8,611,099 20.68% 1.35 2,404,047 24,620,217 17,234,152 15.65% 1.17 3,155,659 7,386,065 4.00% 1 295,443 3,200,628 100% 1.15 3,680,722 9,535,871 8,757,488 20.89% 1.35 2,469,743 26,215,607 18,350,925 15.65% 1.17 3,360,146 7,864,682 4.00% 1 314,587 3,460,460 100% 1.15 3,979,529 10,124,005 8,906,365 21.10% 1.35 2,536,978 27,914,378 19,540,065 15.65% 1.17 3,577,884 8,374,313 4.00% 1 334,973 3,740,527 100% 1.15 4,301,606 10,751,440 9,057,774 21.31% 1.35 2,605,786 29,723,230 20,806,261 15.65% 1.17 3,809,730 8,916,969 4.00% 1 356,679 4,042,359 100% 1.15 4,648,713 11,420,908 2013 2014 2015 2016

香港迪士尼主题乐园游客预计(续)
2017 9,211,756 21.52% 1.35 2,676,199 31,649,295 22,154,506 15.65% 1.17 4,056,601 9,494,788 4.00% 1 379,792 4,367,603 100% 1.15 5,022,743 12,135,335 2018 9,368,356 21.73% 1.35 2,748,254 33,700,169 23,590,118 15.65% 1.17 4,319,469 10,110,051 4.00% 1 404,402 4,506,387 100% 1.15 5,182,345 12,654,470 2019 9,527,618 21.94% 1.35 2,821,985 35,883,940 25,118,758 15.65% 1.17 4,599,370 10,765,182 4.00% 1 430,607 4,644,817 100% 1.15 5,341,540 13,193,502 2020 9,689,587 22.15% 1.35 2,897,429 38,209,220 26,746,454 15.65% 1.17 4,897,409 11,462,766 4.00% 1 458,511 4,782,266 100% 1.15 5,499,606 13,752,955 2021 9,854,310 22.36% 1.35 2,974,622 40,685,177 28,479,624 15.65% 1.17 5,214,762 12,205,553 4.00% 1 488,222 4,918,024 100% 1.15 5,655,728 14,333,333 2022 10,021,833 22.57% 1.35 3,053,603 43,321,576 30,325,104 15.65% 1.17 5,552,678 12,996,473 4.00% 1 519,859 5,051,296 100% 1.15 5,808,990 14,935,130 2023 10,192,205 22.78% 1.35 3,134,409 46,128,815 32,290,170 15.65% 1.17 5,912,492 13,838,644 4.00% 1 553,546 5,181,188 100% 1.15 5,958,366 15,558,812 2024 10,365,472 22.99% 1.35 3,217,080 49,117,962 34,382,573 15.65% 1.17 6,295,621 14,735,389 4.00% 1 589,416 5,306,705 100% 1.15 6,102,711 16,204,827

5

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表2
代号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 年份 Year 门票费 Entrance fee in HK$ (注释 a)

香港迪士尼主题乐园利润表
2005 275.00 345.00 1863.12 2006 295.10 370.22 1999.32 2007 316.67 397.28 2145.47 2008 339.82 426.32 2302.30 2009 364.66 457.49 2470.60 2010 391.32 490.93 2651.20 2011 419.93 526.82 2845.00 2012 450.62 565.33 3052.97

食物商品及其他 Spending on food, merchandise & misc in HK$ (注释 a) 酒店房价 Hotel room rates in HK$ (注释 b) 利润预测 Profit projection (HK$ million) 门票收入 Revenue on entrance fee 其他收入(食物、商品及其它)Other revenue(food, merchandise & misc) 酒店收入 Hotel revenue (注释 c) 总收入 Total revenues 毛利 Gross profit (注释 d) 利息费用 Interest expenses (注释 e) 管理费用 Administration expenses (注释 f) 折旧/摊销 Depreciation/amortization (注释 g) 税前利润 Profit before tax 本年及以前年度亏损 Losses for the year & brought forward (注释 h) 应税利润 Taxable profit 所得税 Taxation(assume=16%) 净利润 Net income

1642.22 2060.24 1166.75 4869.20 1801.61 954.24 1071.22 243.46 (467.32) (467.32) 0.00 0.00 (467.32)

1866.40 2341.49 1252.03 5459.93 2020.17 939.98 1201.18 273.00 (393.99) (861.31) 0.00 0.00 (393.99)

2121.87 2661.99 1343.56 6127.42 2267.14 924.10 1348.03 306.37 (311.36)

2413.07 3027.31 1441.77 6882.15 2546.40 906.42 1514.07 344.11 (218.20)

2745.09 3443.84 1547.17 7736.09 2862.35 886.72 1701.94 386.80 (113.11)

3123.75 3918.88 1660.26 8702.89 3220.07 864.79 1914.64 435.14 5.50

3555.71 4460.80 1781.63 9798.15 3625.31 840.37 2155.59 489.91 139.44

4048.62 5079.18 1911.87 11039.7 4084.68 813.18 2428.73 551.98 290.79 (1068.3) 0.00 0.00 290.79

(1172.66) (1390.87) (1503.98) (1498.48) (1359.04) 0.00 0.00 (311.36) 0.00 0.00 (218.20) 0.00 0.00 (113.11) 0.00 0.00 5.50 0.00 0.00 139.44

注释:(a) 假定 2005 年所有观光客的平均花费为 680 港元。这包括门票费(275 港元),旅行费(60 港元)以及食物与商品开支(345 港元)。 (b) 2005 年酒店房价=1998 年甲级高价酒店的房价×(1+inflation) 7=HK$1137×(1+7.31)7。 (c) 酒店收入=酒店房价×迪士尼酒店的客房数×高价酒店的平均入住率(1990~1998) ×365 天,如 2005 年收入= HK$1,863.12×2100×81.7%×365。见表 2。 (d) 毛利百分比假定等于销售额的 37%,即欧洲迪士尼公司在 1994-1998 年的平均毛利率。 (e) 假定商业贷款利率= 11.36% (即优惠利率 + 2.86%到期风险溢价)。到期风险溢价是根据 1999 年 11 月的一周外汇基金票据利率与 10 年期外汇基金票 据利率的差额计算。并且假定若是商业银行提供的所有项目贷款将在 2004 年完全偿清。

6

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

(f) 管理费用假定为销售额的 22%,即欧洲迪士尼公司在 1994-1998 年的平均管理费用率。 (g) 折旧假定为销售额的 5%,即欧洲迪士尼公司在 1994-1998 年的平均折旧/销售额百分比。 (h) 此项为弥补以前年度亏损,以前所有年度亏损均可弥补,无时间限制,

表2
代号 1 门票费 2 食物商品 3 酒店房价 4 利润预测 5 门票收入 6 食物收入 7 酒店收入 8 总收入 9 毛利 10 利息费用 11 管理费用 12 折旧/摊销 13 税前利润 14 亏损 15 应税利润 16 所得税 17 净利润 4611.21 5784.97 2051.62 12447.80 4605.69 782.89 2738.52 622.39 461.89 (606.36) 0.00 0.00 461.89 5253.48 6590.73 2201.60 14045.80 5196.95 749.16 3090.08 702.29 655.42 0.00 49.06 7.85 647.57 5986.89 7510.83 2362.53 15860.25 5868.29 711.61 3489.25 793.01 874.42 0.00 874.42 139.91 734.51 2013 483.56 606.65 3276.15 2014 518.91 651.00 3515.63 2015 556.85 698.59 3772.63 2016

香港迪士尼主题乐园利润表(续)
2017 641.23 804.45 4344.34 2018 688.11 863.26 4661.92 2019 738.41 926.36 5002.70 2020 792.38 994.08 5368.40 2021 850.31 1066.75 5760.83 2022 912.46 1144.73 6181.95 2023 979.17 1228.41 6633.85 2024 1050.74 1318.20 7118.78

597.55 749.65 4048.41

6824.57 8561.74 2535.23 17921.54 6630.97 669.78 3942.74 896.08 1122.37 0.00 1122.37 179.58 942.79

7781.56 9762.32 2720.56 20264.45 7497.85 623.21 4458.18 1013.22 1403.23 0.00 1403.23 224.52 1178.72

8707.61 2919.43 22551.1 8343.92 571.35 4961.25 1127.56 1683.77 0.00 1683.77 269.40 1414.37

9742.17 3132.84 25097.00 9285.89 513.59 5521.34 1254.85 1996.11 0.00 1996.11 319.38 1676.73

10897.62 13671.56 3361.85 27931.03 10334.48 449.27 6144.83 1396.55 2343.83 0.00 2343.83 375.01 1968.82

12187.74 15290.07 3607.61 31085.41 11501.60 377.65 6838.79 1554.27 2730.90 0.00 2730.90 436.94 2293.95

13627.78 17096.67 3871.32 34595.76 12800.43 297.88 7611.07 1729.79 3161.69 0.00 3161.69 505.87 2655.82

15234.66 19112.57 4154.32 38501.54 14245.57 209.06 8470.34 1925.08 3641.09 0.00 3641.09 582.57 3058.52

17027.10 21361.28 4458.00 42846.38 15853.16 110.15 9426.20 2142.32 4174.49 0.00 4174.49 667.92 3506.57

10924.1 12221.99

备注: (1)综合消费物价指数 Composite CPI(1992~1998):7.31% (2)迪士尼酒店的客房数 Number of rooms in Disney hotel:2100 (3)高价酒店的平均入住率 Average room occupancy rate for high tariff hotel (1990~1998):81.70%

7

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表3
代号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 净利润 Net income 利润分成比例 Share of profit (assume=50%) 年份 Year

香港迪士尼主题乐园投资项目现金流量表(参考)
1999 2005 (467.32) (233.66) 2006 (393.99) (196.99) 2007 (311.36) (155.68) 2008 (218.20) (109.10) 2009 (113.11) (56.56) 2010 5.50 2.75 2011 139.44 69.72 2012 290.79 145.40

加:有关迪士尼的现金流 Add: Cash flows relevant to Walt Disney 特许权费 Royalties 食物、商品及其他 food, merchandise & etc (注释 a) 酒店 hotels (注释 b) 门票费 entrance fee (注释 c) 基本管理费 Base management fee (注释 d) 可变管理费 Variable management fee (注释 e) 减:股权投资 Less equity contribution 净现金流量 Net cash flow 净现金流量现值 Discounted net cash flow (2850.00) (2850.00) (2850.00) 10% 225.81 127.47 0.5645 319.47 163.94 0.5132 425.29 198.40 0.4665 544.92 231.10 0.4241 680.24 262.26 0.3855 833.41 292.10 0.3505 1006.86 320.82 0.3186 1203.40 348.58 0.2897 103.01 58.34 164.22 97.38 36.52 117.07 62.60 186.64 109.20 40.95 133.10 67.18 212.19 122.55 45.96 151.37 72.09 241.31 137.64 51.62 172.19 77.36 274.51 154.72 58.02 195.94 83.01 312.37 174.06 65.27 223.04 89.08 355.57 195.96 73.49 253.96 95.59 404.86 220.79 82.80

(假设为 57 亿港元的 50%)(assume=50% of HK$5.7 billion)

股权折现率与折现系数 Ke & Discount coefficient

注释:(a) 以商品、食物与饮料总收入的 5%计。在东京迪士尼乐园的协议中,迪士尼取得同样的特许权费率。(b) 以香港迪士尼酒店总收入的 5%计。 (c) 以香港迪士尼门票总收入的 10%计。 (d) 以总收入的 2%计。在东京迪士尼乐园的协议中,迪士尼取得同样的基本管理费率。 (e) 以未计利息、税项、折旧及摊销前的利润 5%计。

8

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表3
代号 1 净利润 2 利润分成比例 3 加:有关迪士尼的现金流 4 特许权费 5 食物、商品及其他 6 酒店 7 门票费 8 基本管理费 9 可变管理费 10 减:股权投资 假设为 57 亿港元的 50% 11 净现金流量 12 净现金流量现值 13 股权折现率与折现系数 (10%) 1426.21 375.57 0.2633 289.25 102.58 461.12 248.96 93.36 2013 461.89 230.94

香港迪士尼主题乐园投资项目现金流量表(参考) (续)

2014 647.57 323.78

2015 734.51 367.26

2016 942.79 471.40

2017 1178.72 589.36

2018 1414.37 707.18

2019 1676.73 838.37

2020 1968.82 984.41

2021 2293.95 1146.98

2022 2655.82 1327.91

2023 3058.52 1529.26

2024.00 3506.57 1753.29

329.54 110.08 525.35 280.92 105.34

375.54 118.13 598.69 317.20 118.95

428.09 126.76 682.46 358.43 134.41

488.12 136.03 778.16 405.29 151.98

546.20 145.97 870.76 451.02 169.13

611.10 156.64 974.22 501.94 188.23

683.58 168.09 1089.76 558.62 209.48

764.50 180.38 1218.77 621.71 233.14

854.83 193.57 1362.78 691.92 259.47

955.63 207.72 1523.47 770.03 288.76

1068.06 222.90 1702.71 856.93 321.35

1675.01 400.98 0.2394

1895.77 412.57 0.2176

2201.54 435.56 0.1978

2548.93 458.45 0.1799

2890.28 472.58 0.1635

3270.49 486.14 0.1486

3693.95 499.17 0.1351

4165.48 511.71 0.1228

4690.47 523.82 0.1117

5274.86 535.53 0.1015

5925.23 546.88 0.09

9

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表4
年份 Year 当年年初余额 Beginning balance (HK$ million) 还本付息 Debt service (HK$ million) 利息支付 Interest payment (HK$ million) 本金支付 Principal payment (HK$ million) 当年年末余额 Ending balance (HK$ million) 2005 8,400.00 1,079.77 954.24 125.53 8,274.47

香港迪士尼主题乐园投资项目还本付息表
2007 8,134.68 1,079.77 924.10 155.67 7,979.01 2008 7,979.01 1,079.77 906.42 173.35 7,805.66 2009 7,805.66 1,079.77 886.72 193.05 7,612.61 2010 7,612.61 1,079.77 864.79 214.98 7,397.63 2011 7,397.63 1,079.77 840.37 239.40 7,158.23 2012 7,158.23 1,079.77 813.18 266.59 6,891.64 2013 6,891.64 1,079.77 782.89 296.88 6,594.76 2014 6,594.76 1,079.77 749.16 330.61 6,264.15

2006 8,274.47 1,079.77 939.98 139.79 8,134.68

年份 Year 当年年初余额 Beginning balance (HK$ million) 还本付息 Debt service (HK$ million) 利息支付 Interest payment (HK$ million) 本金支付 Principal payment (HK$ million) 当年年末余额 Ending balance (HK$ million)

2015 6,264.15 1,079.77 711.61 368.16 5,895.99

2016 5,895.99 1,079.77 669.78 409.99 5,486.01

2017 5,486.01 1,079.77 623.21 456.56 5,029.45

2018 5,029.45 1,079.77 571.35 508.42 4,521.02

2019 4,521.02 1,079.77 513.59 566.18 3,954.84

2020 3,954.84 1,079.77 449.27 630.50 3,324.34

2021 3,324.34 1,079.77 377.65 702.12 2,622.22

2022 2,622.22 1,079.77 297.88 781.89 1,840.33

2023 1,840.33 1,079.77 209.06 870.71 969.62

2024 969.62 1,079.77 110.15 969.62 0.00

备注: 假设利率(Interest rate)为 11.36%

10

香港迪士尼主题乐园项目投资分析

表 5 香港资本市场和通货膨胀基本数据 年份 Year 月份 外汇基金票据及债券收益率(%) Exchange Fund Bills/ Bonds Yield (%) 周 月 2年 10 年

Month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5

1998 年

1999 年

6 7 8 9 10 11*

平均收益(1998.1 至 1999.11) 平均收益(1995.1 至 1999.11)

5.7 4.46 4.76 5.66 6.6 8.04 7.24 15.55 5.8 6.34 4.86 5.21 5.26 5.72 5.14 4.33 4.7 5.54 5.39 5.75 4.79 5.76 4.78 5.97 5.66

6.91 5.24 5.21 5.71 7.19 8.74 7.56 14.03 6.64 6.06 4.94 4.87 5.55 5.47 5.19 4.48 4.77 5.35 5.56 5.83 5.15 5.41 4.81 6.12 5.79

11.06 7.55 7.85 7.8 8.74 10.55 9.53 10.64 8.51 7.16 6.65 5.96 7.06 6.91 6.61 5.95 6.46 6.45 6.29 6.43 6.31 6.44 6.3 7.53 6.87

10.35 8.13 8.14 8.42 9.2 10.45 9.9 9.9 8.55 7.46 6.96 6.36 7.13 7.3 7.16 6.82 7.33 7.71 7.48 7.44 7.38 7.53 7.64 8.03 NA

备注*:1999年最优惠利率为8.5% (Prime rate as at November 1999=8.5%) 时期(Period) 所有普通股指数(AOI)平均回报(%)

1998.1~1999.11 (January 1998 to November 1999) 1995.1~1999.11 (January 1995 to November 1999) 1990.1~1999.11 (January 1995 to November 1999)

17.79 14.35 17.82

备注*:所有普通股指数(AOI)是根据所有香港上市普通股计算的价值量度指数,提供了衡量香港 股票市场整体表现的一个极佳指标. 香港市场通胀率 年份 综合消费物价指数 (Composite CPI) 1992 9.6 1993 8.8 1994 8.8 1995 9.1 1996 6.3 1997 5.8 1998 2.8 平均 7.31

Source: Datastream, CEIC DRI Asia Database and http://www.info.gov.hk/hkbi/enghkbi/5/5-7a.htm

11

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